Formulation of a standard deviate observer by a nonlinear optimization technique

A standard deviate observer (SDO) has been formulated that can predict the average color mismatches of metameric color pairs by 20 Stiles' observers. A nonlinear optimization technique, rather than a statistical analysis, has been employed to derive it. The colorimetric characteristics of the present SDO are compared with those of SDOs previously proposed.     

Estimation of luminance factor from cie supplementary standard colorimetric observers

The luminance or luminance factor is not defined in the large viewing field greater than 4° since the color matching function ?₁₀(Λ) is not identical to the spectral luminous efficiency V(Λ). the possible errors are estimated when ?₁₀ (Λ) is used in place of V(Λ) for evaluating the luminance factor.     

FDA颁布新防晒法规

2007年8月,美国食品药品管理局(FDA)颁布了一项新法案,规定了非处方防晒产品的配方、测试和标签标准.     

A new approach to the assessment of standard depth

Standard depth is a term used to describe a subjectively defined property of colour, yet it is of great importance both in fastness testing and standardisation of dyes. In this paper, analysis of a large number of databases from the four major European dye manufacturers resulted in a new method of determining 1/1 standard depth for each angle round the hue circle. The definition holds whether the colour is dull or bright in shade. After allowance is made for the colour of the substrate the lightness at the point of maximum chroma ( L* at C* _max) has been found to be remarkably constant for a specified hue. An equation relating L* at C* _max to hue angle round the hue circle has been obtained and is suggested as the basis of a method of defining 1/1 standard depth.     

A new standard for heat-insulating articles from fiber glass

A new CIS standard GOST 10499--95 for heat-insulating articles from fiber glass has been developed. Beginning in July 1996, it became active as a State Standard of the Russian Federation.Translated from Steklo i Keramika, No. 8, pp. 29 - 30, August, 1996.     

A new method of estimating standard enthalpies of formation of zeolites

A new method to calculate the standard enthalpies () of formation of zeolites is founded based on the assumption that the standard enthalpy of formation of zeolite is equal to the sum of the standard enthalpies of all oxide components and the reaction standard enthalpy change between the exchangeable ion oxide and alumina. The results show that the deviation of of zeolite calculated by this method is less than 0.7% compared with the experimental value of . The standard enthalpy of formation of hypothetical [SiO₂] unit in zeolite is suggested to estimate the thermodynamic stability of zeolite. It is found that the presence of crystal water in zeolite is in favor of increasing the thermodynamic stability of zeolite.     

解读新企业会计准则

阐述了我国财政部发布的“企业会计准则体系”，较详细地分析了该体系对我国企业产生的影响。     

实施新会计准则的几点体会

介绍了新会计准则实施前后,会计处理的一些较大变化,并以简单案例的形式分析了新旧会计准则对企业财务状况的影响。     

A new internal standard for GLC determination of monoglycerides and propylene glycol esters

Monoheptadecanoin (monomargarin) has been used as an internal standard for the gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) determination of monoglyceride and propylene glycol ester emulsifiers. The compound is expensive and difficult to prepare. Octadecyl glyceryl ether (batyl alcohol), a less expensive commercially available material, has been found to be acceptable as an internal standard for this determination.     

A proposal for a coefficient of hygroelasticity

Swelling and hygroelasticity of polymers are discussed in terms of a coefficient of hygroelasticity defined here by analogy with the coefficient of thermal expansion. The relationship between the proposed coefficient and the mechanical properties of the material and the stresses which develop in it is established. The relationship provides means for predicting the lifetime of the polymer under conditions similar to those used for measuring the coefficient of hygroelasticity. The experimentally examined behaviors of two systems, polyester-boiling water and epoxy-methylene chloride at 18°C, are in reasonable agreement with the predictions.     

Coefficients of agreement for fixed observers

Agreement between fixed observers or methods that produce readings on a continuous scale is usually evaluated via one of several intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). This article presents and discusses a few related issues that have not been raised before. ICCs are usually presented in the context of a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) model. We argue that the ANOVA model makes inadequate assumptions, such as the homogeneity of the error variances and of the pairwise correlation coefficients between observers. We then present the concept of observer relational agreement which has been used in the social sciences to derive the common ICCs without making the restrictive ANOVA assumptions. This concept did not receive much attention in the biomedical literature. When observer agreement is defined in terms of the difference of the readings of different observers on the same subject (absolute agreement), the corresponding relational agreement coefficient coincides with the concordance correlation coefficient (CCC), which is also an ICC. The CCC, which has gained popularity over the past 15 years, compares the mean squared difference between readings of observers on the same subject with the expected value of this quantity under the assumption of 'chance agreement', which is defined as independence between observers. We argue that the assumption of independence is unrealistic in this context and present a new coefficient that is not based on the concept of chance agreement.     

RCTI工艺——克劳斯尾气装置性能新标准

WorleyParsons公司开发了一种新的克劳斯尾气处理新工艺--RCTI工艺,作为其它尾气处理工艺的替代技术.在RCTI工艺中克劳斯尾气由高压蒸汽或导热油间接加热,然后依次在加氢催化剂、选择性氧化催化剂(如Selectox TM)上进行低温还原及低温H2S氧化,尾气最后放空.由于无需设置还原气发生器,RCTI工艺免除了天然气消耗并且减少了CO2排放,如有必要,所产生的SO2可利用非可再生苛性碱液或可再生溶剂捕集.在比较RCTI工艺及常规工艺的基础上论述了克劳斯尾气处理工艺的选择标准.