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Shear Strength of Reinforced Concrete Members without Transverse Reinforcement A new theoretical model concerning the shear strength of reinforced concrete members without transverse reinforcement is presented, considering free‐bodies unilaterally bounded by a fictitious crack, inclined at π/4 to the tension chord and extending from the tension chord to the compression chord. It is assumed that the shear stress that can be transferred across a crack decreases linearly with the crack width and that the crack width at the level of the tension chord is proportional to the product of the tension chord strain at the crack and the chord distance. This results in a linear‐hyperbolic relationship between the shear strength and the (elastic) tension chord force at the crack, allowing to determine the governing crack location and other relevant quantities via equilibrium considerations. Due to potential strut or arch action for the transfer of loads applied in the vicinity of supports the crack location is somewhat restricted; it is assumed that the corresponding length is equal to twice the chord distance. 相似文献
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Distributed fiber‐optic strain measurement – application in reinforced concrete members Distributed fiber optic measurement based on Rayleigh scattering is a technique with new possibilities in the field of analysis and interpretation of experiments. However, the application is challenging and requires a lot of experience and practice. The measurement technique will be briefly described and subsequently the authors will show and explain the potential as well as challenges and limits of application based on two small experiments. 相似文献
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Ein wesentliches Element der hygrothermischen Charakterisierung von Baustoffen ist der Trocknungsversuch. Im Gegensatz zu anderen Feuchtetransportexperimenten wie dem Diffusionsversuch oder dem Wasseraufnahmeexperiment ist es bislang nicht möglich, aus der Trocknung einen einfachen Kennwert abzuleiten. In vielen Fällen, beispielsweise in der Interaktion von Forschung und Industrie, aber auch beim praktischen Vergleich bzw. der Auswahl geeigneter Baustoffe wäre ein solcher Kennwert jedoch wünschenswert. Im vorliegenden Artikel wird zunächst die Bedeutung des Trocknungsversuches für die hygrische Charakterisierung von Baustoffen herausgestellt, aus der sich das Bestreben ableitet, das Trocknungsverhalten zu standardisieren und einen Einzahlen‐Materialkennwert zu definieren. Nach einer die verschiedenen Einflussfaktoren der Trocknung differenzierenden Einleitung werden bestehende Ansätze für die Standardisierung des Trocknungsverlaufes bzw. die Ableitung eines Trocknungskoeffizienten vorgestellt. Die einhergehenden Probleme werden diskutiert und weitere Möglichkeiten evaluiert. Ein einfacher Trocknungskoeffizient, der sich aus dem Trocknungsverlauf ableiten lässt, wird definiert. Die Korrelation dieses Koeffizienten mit dem Wasseraufnahmekoeffizienten und dem Dampfdiffusionswiderstand wird analysiert. Sein zusätzlicher Informationsgehalt wird in diesem Zusammenhang kritisch hinterfragt. Im Ergebnis steht die Definition des Trocknungskoeffizienten als ein neuer, unabhängiger Materialkennwert, der die Feuchtetransporteigenschaften im Übergang zwischen hygroskopischem und gesättigtem Transport beschreibt. Mit diesem Kennwert ist es möglich, Baustoffe einfach und schnell hinsichtlich ihres Trocknungsverhaltens zu unterscheiden und zu beurteilen, was insbesondere bei feuchtesensitiven Materialien von Bedeutung ist. A drying coefficient for building materials. The drying experiment is an important element of the hygrothermal characterisation of building materials. Contrary to other moisture transport experiments as the vapour diffusion and the water absorption test, it is until now not possible to derive a simple coefficient for the drying. However, in many cases such a coefficient would be highly appreciated, e.g. in interaction of industry and research or for the distinction and selection of suitable building materials throughout design and practise. This article first highlights the importance of drying experiments for hygrothermal characterisation of building materials on which the attempt is based to standardize the drying experiment as well as to derive a single number material coefficient. The drying itself is briefly reviewed and existing approaches are discussed. On this basis, possible definitions are evaluated. Finally, a drying coefficient is defined which can be determined based on measured drying data. The correlation of this coefficient with the water absorption and the vapour diffusion coefficient is analyzed and its additional information content is critically challenged. As result, a drying coefficient has been derived and defined as a new and independent material parameter. It contains information about the moisture transport properties throughout the wide range of moisture contents from hygroscopic up to saturation. With this new and valuable coefficient, it is now possible to distinguish and select building materials quickly and easily by means of their drying behaviour. This is particularly important for moisture sensitive materials. 相似文献
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《Stahlbau》2017,86(11):1005-1016
Ultimate load analyses on coupled purlins during bending around the weak axis and torsion. When using a coupled multi‐span beam with a Z‐shaped cross‐section, the question often arises as to which static system the load‐bearing behavior can be reproduced in a realistic manner. For bending around the strong axis, spring models are available. For bending around the weak axis and torsion, they unfortunately do not exist. This paper examines this problem and shows the bearing behavior by means of experimental investigations for bending around the weak axis and torsion. 相似文献
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