毛/锦/腈/涤混纺产品纤维含量定量方法研究

为了验证羊毛、锦纶、腈纶和涤纶混纺产品定量方法在实际检测分析中的适应性,通过对FZ/T01026—2009《纺织品定量化学分析四组分纤维混合物》的研究,选择已知标称含量的样品采用不同方法进行定量测试,并将测试结果与标称值进行比对分析。结果表明:羊毛、锦纶、腈纶和涤纶混纺产品定量方法选用标准FZ/T01026—2009中顺序溶解方案A→B→C定量结果存在偏差的可能,调整试验方案为A→B→D或B→A→D,测试结果采用t分布进行检验,证明调整后检测方案试验数据准确、重现性好。     

FZ/T 01026新旧标准的比较

为了准确地理解和运用新标准,采用试验的方法,对比FZ/T01026—2009和FZ/T01026—1993之间的主要差异,并探讨了新旧标准交替期间出现的问题。     

Preparation and uncertainty evaluation of standard samples for testing of dye transfer inhibition in washing北大核心CSCD

As for domestic washing the problem of fabric dye transfer in washing is becoming more and more serious which leads to the decrease of added value of fabrics and affects the aesthetics. With the improvement of people's living standards the demand for fabrics with high color saturation is increasing day by day. However fabrics with high color saturation are often accompanied by problems such as fabric dye transfer in the washing process which has become a pain point in clothing washing. For this reason washing machines at home and abroad are generally equipped with dye transfer inhibition and color protection washing procedures to alleviate the dye transfer phenomenon caused by mixed washing. Jiangnan University and Wuxi Little Swan Electric Co. Ltd. have carried out a series of studies on the formulation of dye transfer inhibition washing standards and the development of standard samples. In order to realize scientific and objective evaluation of dye transfer inhibition performance and solve the problem of lack of standard samples in washing dye transfer inhibition tests white cloth standard samples and red cloth standard samples for washing dye transfer inhibition tests were prepared to simulate light color clothes and dark color clothes in mixed washing. The color depth and water fastness of the prepared standard color cloth are 0. 2% and grade 3 respectively which comply with the provisions of GB / T 12490 - 2014 Textiles—Tests for Colour Fastness—Color Fastness to Domestic and Commercial Laundering. The homogeneity of standard white cloth and standard red cloth were tested by variance analysis the short-term stability test and long-term stability test were carried out for the data with an interval of one month and one year respectively by using the stability test formula. For the whiteness and color difference data tested by seven laboratories in order to analyze the normality of the fixed value data it is necessary to conduct a normality test on the obtained data. For this reason the skewness and kurtosis methods are used to conduct a normality test. The indicators tested include the average standard error standard deviation skewness skewness standard deviation kurtosis and kurtosis standard deviation etc. And Cochrane criterion and Dixon criterion are used to judge whether there are outliers. The indicators tested include statistics low-end outliers and high-end outliers. When calculating the uncertainty the uniformity short-term stability long-term stability and uncertainty introduced in the process of setting are calculated respectively to obtain the combined uncertainty. The results show that the standard white cloth and standard colored cloth have good uniformity and high stability. The combined uncertainty of the standard white cloth is 0. 365 8 and the combined uncertainty of the standard color cloth is 0. 358 0. The uncertainty mainly comes from the uncertainty introduced in the process of value determination. The uncertainty introduced by the uniformity short-term stability and long-term stability has little impact. This paper has prepared the standard sample for washing dye transfer inhibition test and provided the standard sample that is missing in the washing dye transfer inhibition test which is expected to realize the objective evaluation of the dye transfer inhibition performance promote the development of the dye transfer inhibition program carried by the washing machine and realize the scientific evaluation of the washing dye transfer inhibition performance. © 2022 Authors. All rights reserved.     

Preparation and characteristics of bombyx mori sericin / tussah silk fibroin / gelatin-based blended antibacterial films北大核心CSCD

A large number of wound dressings are currently used in the treatment of burns chronic ulcers etc. An ideal wound dressing should prevent dehydration of the wound and retain a favorable moist environment at the wound interface. It should have good antibacterial properties and be easily removed without trauma too. Wound dressings are generally made of readily available bio-materials that require minimal processing possess nontoxic non-allergenic and antimicrobial properties as well as promote wound healing. Clinically collagen chitin chitosan etc. are usually used as materials for producing wound dressings as these materials are capable of accelerating the healing processes at molecular cellular and individual levels. Tussah silk fibroin bombyx mori sericin and gelatin non-toxic and extensive have good bio-compatibility degradability and film-forming properties which are conducive to cell adhesion. In order to prepare safe biofilms with excellent antibacterial properties we prepared a kind of bombyx mori sericin / tussah silk fibroin / gelatin BS-TSF-GEL blended film by using tussah silk fibroin bombyx mori sericin and gelatin as bio-based materials and polyethylene glycol 200 as the cross-linking agent. Firstly we designed the single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment to optimize the preparation process of the BS-TF-GEL blended film. On this basis the blended film was modified with ethanol of different concentrations to improve its strength and crystallinity. The structure and properties of the blended film were characterized by measuring the dissolution loss rate tensile properties microscopic morphology and crystal structure. Finally antimicrobial peptides were loaded by adsorption to obtain the BS-TSF-GEL antimicrobial film. The results showed that the ratio of the optimum formula for the (BS-TSF-GEL) blended film required a mixture of bombyx mori sericin (4. 50 μg / mL) and tussah silk fibroin (27. 5 mg / mL) with a volume ratio of 2:1 polyethylene glycol 200 and gelatin solution (360 mg / mL) which accounted for 35% 40% and 25% respectively of the total system. The dissolution loss rate of the BS-TSF-GEL blended film was 34. 62% the elongation at break was 34. 15% and the breaking strength was 578. 8 kPa after being treated with anhydrous ethanol. FTIR and X-ray diffraction results showed that Silk Ⅱ dominated the BS-TSF-GEL blended film while Silk Ⅰ was in a small amount. The BS-TSF-GEL blended film was pale yellow and porous on the surface which was the ideal material for loading antimicrobial peptides. The BS-TSF-GEL blended film loaded with antimicrobial peptides had a good inhibitory effect on both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. It is expected to be used in the field of disposable biomedical materials such as wound dressings. In this study three natural materials with unique advantages were selected as substrates for biofilms and polyethylene glycol with high bio-safety was used as the cross-linking agent to enhance the application value of the blended film by loading antimicrobial peptides. The results broaden the application field of silkworm silk and provide a new way for the development and exploitation of silk fibroin in biological dressings and other medical bio-materials. Bombyx mori sericin tussah silk fibroin and gelatin have been widely used in biological tissue engineering as natural biological materials. In this study three natural materials were used as the biofilm substrate to successfully prepare excellent-performance BS-TSF-GEL blend film using polyethylene glycol cross-linking and ethanol post-treatment techniques. Moreover specific properties can be conferred by replacing different loading substances such as antimicrobial biofilm carrying antimicrobial peptides and biofilm sustained release carrier loading drugs. In addition 3D printing electrostatic spinning and other technologies can also be used to shape the BS-TSF-GEL into different shapes to meet the application requirements under different conditions. In conclusion the research results explore a new way for the application of silk protein. © 2022 Authors. All rights reserved.     

Effect of low-molecular-weight silk fibroin peptides on cell growth property北大核心CSCD

The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the effects of low-molecular-weight silk fibroin peptides (LMW-SF) on cell growth characteristics. Firstly, LMW-SF was achieved from silk fibroin enzymolysis by neutral protease. Secondly, LMW-SF was sterilized by filtration and high-pressure steam, respectively. Finally, the effects of LMW-SF on the growth of human normal liver cell (L02) and human liver cancer cell (HepG2) were tested under the volume concentration of 0. 1 ∼5.0 mg/mL, and the relative growth rate (RGR) was calculated. The results show that LMW-SF have slight effect on cell growth at low concentration (0. 1 mg/mL and 0. 5 mg/mL); when the volume concentration is high (2. 5 mg/mL and 5. 0 mg/mL), the lowest value of RGR is 8. 3%, indicating a strong inhibition effect on cell growth. RGR is up to 227. 4% after high-pressure steam sterilization, showing a strong promotion effect on cell growth. It is obvious that LMW-SF have a strong effect on promoting cell growth after highpressure steam sterilization, and high-pressure steam sterilization could be a necessary process when protein is applied in tissue engineering scaffolds. © 2017 China Silk Association. All rights reserved.     

Preparation of Soy Peptides by Liquid Fermentation

Many kinds of microorganism can produce a mount of protease which subsequently hydrolysis the protein of the medium into peptides when they grow in protein containing liquid medium.In the present investigation,the conditions of preparing soybean peptides by liquid fermentation were studied,following results were obtained:(1)SPI is a nice nitrogen source and meanwhile an inducible factor of protease production;its concentration can be as high as 3%-4%.(2)Sucrose is the best carbon source;its concentration is 1%-4%.(3)Under the conditions of 28℃,initial pH6.0,inoculum size 4%,cell age 36hr and fermentation time 24hr-30hr,we can obtain soybean peptides or fermentation liquor with good flavor,its DH reaches 25%-30% and the yield rate can be as high as 75%.(4)Mass spectrograph indicate the MW of the fermentation liquid or the soybean peptides mainly distribute at about 4000Dal,these imply a promising prospect of industrial application of submerged fermentation in producing soybean peptides.     

cluster ana

of the genotypes of the seven Rhododendron species whose results were transformed into the tree diagrams of the genetic relations among the genotypes. The genotypes of the Rhododendron species clearly fell into groups A and B. Group A contained     

Effect of Thermal Treatment on the Properties of TEMPO Oxidized Cellulose Film for the Flexible Substrate of Solar Cell

The 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) oxidized cellulose film (TOCF) has been attempted to be used as a substrate in electronic and optoelectronic devices, but the changes in the TOCF properties before and after annealing treatment have usually been neglected during device fabrication. In this study, TOCF was treated in different atmospheres (air, vacuum, and N₂) and at different temperatures, and the properties were investigated. The results indicate that the optical properties are slightly affected by atmosphere and temperature; only slight transmittance loss and haze increase have been observed when TOCF is exposed to an air atmosphere at temperatures of above 120℃. In contrast to the slight effects on the optical properties, cellulose degradation and a loss of film strength have been observed regardless of the atmosphere used when placed at temperatures of above 100℃. Specifically, TOCF was exposed to air, followed by N₂ and vacuum atmospheres. Additional Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) results showed that increasing the temperature had no significant effect on the structure of TOCF. Therefore, the annealing temperature should be controlled at a temperature of lower than 100℃ and a vacuum atmosphere is preferred.     

Preparation of High-precision Electrospun Nanoair Filter Paper for Air Purification

Electrospinning technology has become a research hotspot because of its advantages, such as simple operation, low cost, large specific surface area, high porosity, and good fiber continuity. Here, a new type of composite nanoair filter paper was prepared using electrospinning technology. To improve the practicability of air filter base paper, phenolic resin was used as a curing agent to improve the strength. The results show that the electrospun nanoair filter paper with air filter paper as the receiving substrate and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution as the spinning solution excellently performed in all aspects. The influence of the thickness (spinning time) of the PVA nanofiber membrane on the micromorphology, physical properties, and filtration performance of the electrospun nanoair filter paper was analyzed. According to the ISO 5011-2014 standard, the initial resistance, filtration efficiency, mean pore size, and dust capacity of the electrospun nanoair filter paper were 77.3 Pa, 99.9941%, 3.50 μm, and 146 g/m², respectively, when the spinning time was 15 min.     

Environmental friendly carrier preparation and its application in one-bath dyeing of wool/polyester fabric北大核心

In order to decrease polyester dyeing temperature, and realize one-bath dyeing of wool, polyester blended fabric, environmental friendly inodorous carrier emulsion with good stability was preparation, the effects of carrier on polyester glass transition temperature, dyeing temperature and carrier amount on polyester dyeing performance were investigated, and solving method of disperse dye staining wool after one-bath dyeing of wool and polyester was discussed. The results showed that carrier had obvious plasticizing effect, polyester can be dyed at 98 °C by using the carrier, the optimum carrier amount was 5% (owf). After one-bath dyeing of wool and polyester, reduction cleaning at 75 °C for 10 min with bath ratio 1 = 50 by using solution containing sodium hydrosulfite 0.6 g/L, sodium carbonate 1.0 g/L, and anionic surfactant AES 1. 0 g/L, which could solve the problem of disperse dye staining wool.     

Lignin Extraction from Black Liquor and its Application Prospects in Pulp Mills

This paper summarizes the possible application of lignin extraction from black liquor and the development of lignin extraction technology.Lignin extraction from black liquor is an important,economical method to resolve the bottleneck associated with the recovery boiler and achieve the targeted capacity expansion in pulp mills.A few of key issues must be taken into cosideration when lignin extraction technology is adopted on the industrial scale.     

FZ/T 01026—2017新旧标准的主要变化及详细分析

本文就FZ/T 01026—2017 《纺织品定量化学分析多组分纤维混合物》新版标准的变化进行了详细分析,旨在让广大服装企业及检测机构更好地理解和运用新标准。     

The Application of Surveying Biochemistry Light Instrument in the Reaction System of Starch with Mn^3＋

The possibility of the application of Surveying Biochemistry Light Instrument (SBLI)in the reaction system of starch with Mn^3 was studied.The results showed:neither starch nor initiator(Mn^3 )could produce light because no factor that could produce light existed in them.But starch could produce light when it was acted by Mn^3 and the intensity of light depended on the kind and concentration of starch,the amount of Mn^3 ,the temperature and pH of the reaction system.In addition,the intensity of light decreased with the reaction time because of the gradual disappearance of starch free radicals.     

Low Temperature Hydrothermal Synthesis of Ultra-light and Superelastic Graphene Oxide/Cellulose Aerogels for Absorption of Organic Liquids

Two-dimensional(2 D) graphene oxide(GO) nanosheets and 1 D2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl(TEMPO)-oxidized cellulose nanofibers(TOCN) were assembled into GO/TOCN aerogels via a low temperature hydrothermal and freeze-drying process. The as-prepared GO/TOCN aerogels exhibited interconnected 3 D network microstructures, a low density of 6.8 mg/cm~3, a high porosity up to 99.2% and excellent mechanical flexibility.The high porosity in conjunction with their hydrophobicity(contact angle of 121.5°), allowed the aerogels to absorb different organic liquids with absorption capacities up to 240 times of their own weight, depending on the density of the liquids. These results indicated that the aerogels were excellent candidates as sorbent materials for the clean-up of organic liquids. After five absorption-desorption cycles, the absorption capacity of the TOCN carbon aerogels could be regenerated up to 97% of the initial absorption capability,which demonstrated their excellent recyclability.     

Parameters Influencing Power Generation in Eco-friendly Microbial Fuel Cells

Pulp and papermaking industries generate high volumes of carbohydrate-rich effluents. Microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology is based on organic materials’ consumption?and efficient power production. Using a classical two-chamber lab-scale MFC design with an external resistance of 2000 W, we investigated the effects of anode chamber biofilm adaptation (ACBA) and cathode chamber redox solutions (CCRS) on the operation efficiency of MFC when treating wastewater. In ACBA studies, biofilm growth activation showed an increase in the power density to 20.48, 35.18, and 36.98 mW/m² when the acetate feeding concentrations were 3, 6, and 12 g/L, respectively. Improvement by biofilm adhesion on granular activated carbon (GAC) was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The obtained power density increased to 25.47, 33.42, and 40.39 mW/m² when the GAC particles concentrations were 0, 50, and 100 g/L, respectively. The generated power densities were 51.26 and 40.39 mW/m² as well as the obtained voltages were 0.41 and 0.72 V when the electrode area increased from 16 to 64 cm²², current density of 0.094 A/m², and voltage of 1.20 V with a successful organic removal efficiency of 86.0% after 264 h of operation.     

Heat Transfer Analysis of Sterilization of Canned Milk Using Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulations

A uniform and effective heat distribution inside the canned milk is very crucial for achieving effective sterilization. It is extremely difficult to establish the temperature profile inside the canned milk during continuous industrial scale operation. Computational fluid dynamics （CFD） simulation can be a useful tool to determine the temperature distribution of the fluid inside the can during the sterilization process. A CFD model was developed for the sterilization of canned milk at 121 ~C. The simulation results were validated with the experimental measurements of temperatures. The formation and movement of slowest heating zone （SHZ） during the sterilization process was tracked. Moreover, effect of can position （vertical and horizontal） during processing on milk temperature distribution inside the can was also investigated. Higher Grashof and Rayleigh numbers were obtained for vertical positioning of can compared to horizontal can processing. Further, effectiveness of the process was calculated based on F-value and these results reinforced the positive effect of horizontal position of can during the sterilization process.     

Ultrasound-assisted Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil at Room Temperature

Waste cooking oil (WCO) is considered to be a promising alternative for vegetable oils that have been traditionally used for biodiesel production. In this study, WCO with a fairly high free fatty acid content was transesterified into biodiesel in a one-step procedureat room temperature (25℃ ) under ultrasound irradiation and in the presence of potassium hydroxide (KOH) as catalysts. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to investigate the effects of the methanol/oil molar ratio, reaction time, and catalyst loading on the fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) yield and the biodiesel yield. The optimal reaction conditions for the production of WCO biodiesel were found to be a methanol/oil molar ratio of 8.6:1, a reaction time of 25 min, and a catalyst loading of 2.43 wt%. Under these optimal settings, the FAME and biodiesel yields were 96.4% and 92.7%, respectively. The properties of the resultant WCO biodiesel, including kinetic viscosity, acid number, water content, and flash point, were measured according to ASTM D6751 standards. The obtained results provide useful information for the large-scale production of WCO biodiesel.     

Analysis on the shape and structure of Mongolian traditional Gu Gu crowns in the illustrations of the Jāmi' al-Tawārīkh in the National Library of France北大核心CSCD

Jāmi' al-Tawārīkh is a detailed history book of Mongolia compiled by the prime minister Rashid al-Din under an order issued by Ghazan Khan in 700 of the Islamic calendar (1310 - 1311 A. D.). After the book was finished the royal family invested a great deal of manpower material and financial resources to draw its illustrated edition which was completed between 1306 A. D. and 1314 A. D. In this period Persian miniatures had strong Mongolian characteristics. The facial shapes of the characters showed the image characteristics of Mongolians and the clothing styles and patterns on the clothes also had the characteristics of Mongolian and even traditional Chinese costumes. Among them Jāmi' al-Tawārīkh in the National Library of France was drawn between 1425 A. D. and 1430 A. D. There are 15 Persian miniatures in the book that illustrate the Gu Gu crowns worn by aristocratic women of Mongolia which were the headgear favored by women of the ethnic group at that time and were very popular. The Gu Gu crowns in the illustrations are rich in color and clear in structure which provide precious and detailed historical image data for us to study the shape and manufacture characteristics of Gu Gu crowns in the Mongolian and Yuan Dynasties. Through reading the pictures we can learn the color pattern shape structure collocation wearing effect and identity of the wearers wearing occasions and other practical problems of the Gu Gu crowns. Combined with the ancient documents and images we can further study and analyze the specific shape and system of the Gu Gu crowns in the Mongol Yuan period the characteristics of wearing and the related cultural connotation behind them. Firstly the 15 illustrated wearing scenes were classified and the wearing characteristics of Gu Gu crowns in different scenes were summarized to find out their regularity. Secondly the characteristics of wearing the Gu Gu crowns in different scenes were compared and the different meanings they represent were analyzed and studied. Finally we concluded the shape characteristics and decorative effect of Gu Gu crowns in the Mongol Yuan period and summarized the cultural implication and national belief represented by Gu Gu crowns as well as the fundamental reason why they were favored by Mongolian women for their enduring popularity. On this basis the correspondence analysis method was used to study the relationship between the formative characteristics occasion of wearing cultural connotation and the identity status and belief of the users. We concluded that the characteristics of the Gu Gu crowns in the illustrations of Jāmi' al-Tawārīkh collected in the National Library of France except for only wearing the hood and crown cape in keeping vigil beside the coffin changed little with the wearing occasions. The shape of the bionic swan showed totem worship the structure features of the square above and the circle below explained the significance of the combination of men and women. It reflects that Mongolians believe in the "Mongke Tengri" Eternal Heaven and the modeling concept based on nature is beyond nature. The structure of being square at the top and circular at the bottom explains the significance of the combination of men and women. The length of crown feathers the number of the ball feathers the hood color and the cape length change showed that the usefulness of Gu Gu crowns was replaced by decoration becoming a symbol of status. In the middle and late period the gold cross pattern appeared frequently in the crown decoration highlighting the identity of many noble women as disciples of Nestorianism. As a whole Gu Gu crowns elongated the human body lines in a towering and beautiful shape making people appear tall and in line with aesthetic characteristics. The luxurious decorative details highlighted the rich and leisure life of aristocratic women and their noble social rank and status in the Yuan Dynasty. The original symbolism took a back seat to the decorative function. This edition of Jāmi ' al-Tawārīkh provides precious image information for the study of the shape and symbolic significance of aristocratic women's headgear in the Mongol (Yuan) period. Through systematic studying and sorting out the structure shape material pattern production technology etc. it can better inherit Chinese traditional costume culture and inherit the traditional costume skills of China. The research results can provide inspiration and innovative ideas for the design and innovation of Chinese national costumes. Under the trend of global integration the exchange of clothing culture among different countries is increasingly close. It is a shortcut for Chinese fashion to go to the world to retain and integrate the characteristics of national clothing. © 2022 Authors. All rights reserved.     

EU legislation for Food Safety of Cereals and Cereal Products

Since the discovery of aflatoxins in the early 1960s, regulations have been established in many countries to protect the consumer from the harmful effects of these mycotoxins. The recognition that aflatoxins and other mycotoxins can cause major illness in humans and animals has led to limits being set for aflatoxins and some other mycotoxins in different countries around the world, often however on an ad hoc basis. Currently maximum levels of aflatoxins B1(2ug/kg) and B1 B2 G1 G2 combined (4ug/kg) and och-ratoxin A (3～5ug/kg) exist for cereals (including buckwheat