国外高温煤气脱硫剂开发进展

系统、全面地介绍了国外高温煤气脱除硫化氢技术在研究与开发上的最新进展 ,提出了今后在脱硫剂的开发上应改进的措施——在脱硫剂的选型上采用复合型脱硫剂 ,助剂为铜、铁及锰的化合物 ,含锌化合物为主要的脱硫剂 ,适宜的脱硫温度为 350℃～ 60 0℃     

高温煤气脱硫剂再生性能研究进展

金属复合型脱硫剂已经成为高温煤气脱硫剂的研究重点,脱硫剂不仅要求具有良好的硫化能力,还必须易于再生,以达到多次循环使用及降低生产成本的目的。介绍了中高温煤气脱硫剂的再生性能的研究概况,包括:铁和锌系列脱硫剂、钙和铈系列脱硫剂、铜和锰系列脱硫剂。大量实验研究表明,脱硫剂的种类和再生工艺与其再生后的脱硫特性密切相关,再生结果是脱硫剂能否工业化应用的关键环节之一,在考察脱硫剂硫化特性的同时,必须注重脱硫剂再生特性的研究。     

高温煤气脱硫剂的开发研究

本文对高温煤气脱硫剂的制备及脱硫工艺条件做了研究，并对脱硫剂进行了十五个周期的脱硫再生循环试验。结果表明,制备的脱硫剂在600～620℃、常压及空速为1000h-1的条件下脱硫，脱硫剂强度及硫容没有出现明显下降，也没有出现脱硫剂的粉化现象。     

氧化铈型高温煤气脱硫剂的研究进展

较详尽地叙述了被誉为第二代高温煤气脱硫剂的氧化铈及氧化铈基脱硫剂的研究进展和研究动态.针对目前高温煤气脱硫剂存在的问题,分析了氧化铈及氧化铈基脱硫剂的优点和缺点.指出采用适宜的制备工艺,加入适当的金属氧化物添加剂以大大提高氧化铈的还原性,扩宽脱硫剂的可操作温度范围将是氧化铈基脱硫剂的未来研究开发方向.     

高温煤气脱硫剂及再生特性研究

高温煤气净化是实现IGCC过程的关键环节，系统地介绍了国内外钙、锌、铜的锰系高温脱硫剂近年来的研究结果，同时结合脱硫剂再生的研究，分析了各种脱硫剂在高温脱硫过程中可能遇到的问题，探讨了各种脱硫剂的再生方法以及相应的尾气处理方案，最后对我国今后高温煤气脱硫剂研究开发提出了几点建议。     

Zn—Ti高温煤气脱硫剂的沉淀法制备

本文针对固相反应组份不均匀性影响高温煤气脱硫剂性能和商业成本的缺陷,研究在反应物以液相混合,用沉淀法制备Ｚｎ－Ｔｉ高温煤气脱硫剂,克服了上述缺点,使脱硫活性提高。     

确定高温煤气脱硫剂再生反应终点的几种方法

提供了确定高温煤气脱硫剂再生反应终点的几种方法,叙述了各种方法的优缺点。     

ZnFe2O4高温煤气脱硫剂的再生

在热天平上对自制的ZnFe2O4脱硫剂进行了再生工艺研究，考察了再生温度、O2浓度对ZnFe2O4脱硫剂再生性能的影响；进行了多次硫化、再生循环实验，并与加入玻璃粉的样品进行了比较。结果表明，700℃下氧含量2.0%(vol)时再生可以获得良好的再生率和二次硫化反应活性；玻璃粉的少量加入，会改善脱硫剂长期使用的稳定性，但反应活性有所下降。     

粉煤灰作为高温煤气脱硫剂载体的可行性研究

基于XRD、SEM、激光粒度分析仪和成分分析等不同测试方法,比较了不同大小的粉煤灰颗粒的物化性质和微观形貌特征。以不同颗粒大小的粉煤灰为载体,制备了一系列铁铈氧化物高温煤气脱硫剂,以此研究粉煤灰作为高温煤气脱硫剂载体的可行性。在600℃的硫化实验表明,粉煤灰作为铁基高温煤气脱硫剂的载体,不仅能有效提高脱硫剂的脱硫精度和其硫化再生后的机械强度,且粉煤灰自身也有一定的脱硫作用。     

高温煤气金属脱硫剂的研究进展

煤的清洁转化利用符合中国的能源结构,高温煤气脱硫是提高能源利用率的关键技术。本文综述了单一金属氧化物和复合金属氧化物干法脱除H2S的研究进展,对比分析了单一金属氧化物在脱硫效率、使用温度和再生方面的优缺点,指出由于单一金属氧化物脱硫剂不能满足实际生产需要,因此兼有单一金属氧化物优点的复合金属脱硫剂成为未来研究方向。同时,论述了复合金属脱硫剂的制备原则、脱硫效率及再生等方面的研究状况。在此基础上,重点对铁酸锌和钛酸锌两种具有代表性的复合脱硫剂及其他复合金属脱硫剂进行了介绍。     

高温煤气脱硫剂的研究进展

高温煤气净化脱硫技术可使发电效率提高,成本降低,流程简化,是许多国家非常重视的研发工作。可再生金属氧化物与硫化氢或其他硫化物的作用机理及其行为是高温煤气脱硫研究中的关键所在。在已有文献工作的基础上,对国内外高温煤气脱硫剂的研究进行了系统总结,着重介绍了含钙、锌、铁、铜和锰等金属氧化物脱硫剂的研究现状,认为研究重点应从性能单一的金属氧化物转向可耐高温的多功能复合金属氧化物,同时具有再生硫回收的特性。     

New nanostructured sorbents for desulfurization of natural gas

Desulfurization of natural gas is achieved commercially by absorption with liquid amine solutions. Adsorption technology could potentially replace the solvent extraction process, particularly for the emerging shale gas wells with production rates that are generally lower than that from the large conventional reservoirs, if a superior adsorbent (sorbent) is developed. In this review, we focus our discussion on three types of sorbents: metal-oxide based sorbents, Cu/Ag-based and other commercial sorbents, and amine-grafted silicas. The advantages and disadvantages of each type are analyzed. Possible approaches for future developments to further improve these sorbents are suggested, particularly for the most promising amine-grafted silicas.     

T305型脱硫剂在半水煤气脱硫中的应用

介绍了T305型脱硫剂在半水煤气脱硫中的应用，并分析了脱硫床层吸硫分布曲线及脱硫剂的利用率，说明该脱硫剂对CO含量较高的半水煤气仍能达到较理想的脱硫效果。     

Kinetic behaviour of iron oxide sorbent in hot gas desulfurization

Although a number of reports on sorbents containing ZnO for H₂S removal from coal-derived gases can be found in the literature, it is shown in our study that a special sorbent containing Fe₂O₃·FeO (SFO) with minor promoters (Al₂O₃, K₂O, and CaO) as the main active species is more attractive for both sulfidation and regeneration stages, also under economic considerations. This paper presents the kinetic behaviour of SFO in a hot gas desulfurization process using a thermogravimetric analysis under isothermal condition in the operating range between 500 and 800 °C. The gas stream was N₂ with a 2% wt of H₂S. Experiences carried out on sorbent sulfidation with SFO (particle sizes in the range of 0.042-0.12 mm) indicate that the sorbent sulfidation capacity sharply increases with temperature in the range of 500-600 °C. It is also shown that the sample weight reaches its maximum absorption capacity, near saturation, at 600 °C so that it makes no sense to increase the sulfidation temperature from this point. To make a comparison between SFO and a zinc titanate based sorbent, a set of sulfidation tests was carried out at 600 °C during 7200 s using the same sieve range for both sorbents between 42 and 90 μm. Results show that the sulfidation capacity of SFO is 1.9 times higher than that of zinc titanate.     

烟气还原脱硫催化剂的反应机理研究进展

综述了烟气直接还原至单质硫催化剂的研究进展,主要介绍了负载型催化剂、金属氧化物催化剂、钙钛矿催化剂以及萤石型催化剂在不同种类还原剂条件下的脱硫效果,并分析了二氧化硫转化率及生成单质硫选择性受温度、氧气和水蒸汽等因素的影响。总结各种催化剂性能和脱硫机理,并从脱硫机理角度指出了各种催化剂存在的问题及研发方向。     

活性炭担载金属氧化物用于热煤气脱硫

以热煤气脱硫并回收单质硫为目的,考察了活性炭担载金属氧化物(M/AC)在中温范围150—250℃内,催化氧化硫化氢生成单质硫的研究。担载量1%(质量分数)的M/AC通过等体积浸渍法制得,在固定床上评价了其脱硫活性,并考察了温度、反应气氛等工艺条件对脱硫效果的影响。M/AC脱硫的活性顺序为:Mn/ACCu/ACCe/ACFe/ACCo/ACV/AC。通过DTG分析,硫化氢选择性氧化的主要产物是单质硫。M/AC上金属氧化物起主要的催化作用,催化硫化氢和氧气反应生成单质硫,生成的单质硫被吸附在活性炭的孔道中。     

Experimental study on SO2 recovery using a sodium-zinc sorbent based flue gas desulfurization technology

A sodium–zinc sorbent based flue gas desulfurization technology (Na–Zn-FGD) was proposed based on the experiments and analyses of the thermal decomposition characteristics of CaSO3 and ZnSO3·2.5H2O, the waste products of calcium-based semi-dry and zinc-based flue gas desulfurization (Ca–SD-FGD and Zn–SD-FGD) tech-nologies, respectively. It was found that ZnSO3·2.5H2O first lost crystal H2O at 100 °C and then decomposed into SO2 and solid ZnO at 260 °C in the air, while CaSO3 is oxidized at 450 °C before it decomposed in the air. The ex-perimental results confirm that Zn–SD-FGD technology is good for SO2 removal and recycling, but with problem in clogging and high operational cost. The proposed Na–Zn-FGD is clogging proof, and more cost-effective. In the new process, Na2CO3 is used to generate Na2SO3 for SO2 absorption, and the intermediate product NaHSO3 reacts with ZnO powders, producing ZnSO3·2.5H2O precipitate and Na2SO3 solution. The Na2SO3 solution is clogging proof, which is re-used for SO2 absorption. By thermal decomposition of ZnSO3·2.5H2O, ZnO is re-generated and SO2 with high purity is co-produced as well. The cycle consumes some amount of raw material Na2CO3 and a small amount of ZnO only. The newly proposed FGD technology could be a substitute of the traditional semi-dry FGD technologies.     

New development of zinc-based sorbents for hot gas desulfurization

This paper introduced two new zinc-based sorbents for hot gas desulfurization, G-201 and G-202. Evaluation tests proved that both G-201 and G-202 sorbents had good performance in desulfurization. They could reduce H₂S concentration from about 10 g/m³ in coal gas to less than 20 mg/m³. In addition, the sulfur capacity of both sorbents increased with temperature rising. No decrease in sulfur capacity of G-201 occurred during 20-desulfurization/regeneration cycle tests, whose calculated value was 19.43–24.23 g/100 g sorbent. G-201 sorbent passed a 1500 h real hot gas desulfurization test in a fixed-bed PDU. No occurence of striping, attrition and sintering on the surface of used sorbents was found after the long-time test. The reactivity was stable and the sulfur capacity is 21.19 g/100 g sorbent after the 1500 h test.