Experimental and numerical studies on progressive debonding of grouted rock boltsOA

Understanding the mechanism of progressive debonding of bolts is of great significance for underground safety. In this paper, both laboratory experiment and numerical simulation of the pull-out tests were performed. The experimental pull-out test specimens were prepared using cement mortar material, and a relationship between the pull-out strength of the bolt and the uniaxial compressive strength(UCS) of cement mortar material specimen was established. The locations of crack developed in the pul...     

Flotation of copper oxide minerals: A reviewOA

Copper oxide minerals are important copper resources, which include malachite, azurite, chrysocolla,cuprite, etc. Flotation is the most widely used method for the enrichment of copper oxide minerals in the mineral processing industry. In this paper, the surface properties of copper oxide minerals and their effects on the mineral flotation behavior are systematically summarized. The flotation methods of copper oxide minerals and the interaction mechanism with reagents are reviewed in detail. Flot...     

Coupled GIMP and CPDI material point method in modelling blast-induced three-dimensional rock fractureOA

Three-dimensional rock fracture induced by blasting is a highly complex problem and has received considerable attention in geotechnical engineering. The material point method is firstly applied to treat this challenging task. Some inherent weaknesses can be overcome by coupling the generalized interpolation material point(GIMP) and the convected particle domain interpolation technique(CPDI). For the media in the borehole, unchanged GIMP-type particles are used to guarantee a homogenous blast pre...     

Cyclic constitutive equations of rock with coupled damage induced by compaction and crackingOA

In this paper, the cyclic constitutive equations were proposed to describe the constitutive behavior of cyclic loading and unloading. Firstly, a coupled damage variable was derived, which contains two parts,i.e., the compaction-induced damage and the cracking-induced damage. The compaction-induced damage variable was derived from a nonlinear stress–strain relation of the initial compaction stage, and the cracking-induced damage variable was established based on the statistical damage theory.Seco...     

Compensation excavation method control for large deformation disaster of mountain soft rock tunnelOA

In recent years, the mine tunneling method and the new Austrian tunneling method have been considered the main theories of tunneling approaches in China. It is difficult for the traditional technique to overcome the large deformation problems imposed by complex geological conditions of mountain soft rock tunneling. Hence, the compensation excavation method has been proposed to solve this issue under the consideration that all damage in tunneling originates from the excavation. It uses supportive...     

Selective depression action of taurine in flotation separation of specularite and chloriteOA

Chlorite, as the most representative gangue mineral associated with specularite, of which the separation of these two minerals is difficult. This paper investigated the depression effect of taurine on specularite/chlorite separation via flotation experiments, adsorption tests, contact angle measurements, Zeta potential detection, FT-IR measurements, and XPS analyses. The results of single mineral flotation indicated that chlorite could be depressed selectively by taurine with the recovery of les...     

Spatiotemporal evolution of thermo-hydro-mechanical-chemical processes in cemented paste backfill under interfacial loadingOA

Cemented paste backfill(CPB) and rock interface interaction causes the formation of an interfacial loading and affects the thermal, hydraulic, mechanical, and chemical processes in bulk CPB and thus its in-situ behavior. In this study, a new meter-sized column model is developed to systematically investigate the multiphysics processes in CPB under interfacial loading. The obtained results discover that for the mechanical process, the interfacial loading leads to a reduced settlement and a weaken...     

Lateral compression and energy absorption of foamed concrete-filled polyethylene circular pipe as yielding layer for high geo-stress soft rock tunnelsOA

Foamed concrete as energy absorption material for high geo-stress soft rock tunnels has been proven to be feasible due to its high compressibility and lightweight. However, the lengthy curing and defoaming problems caused by the cast-in-place method of large-volume foamed concrete remain unsolved. In this study, we propose a novel energy absorber composed of foamed concrete-filled polyethylene(FC-PE) pipe and analyze its deformation and energy absorption capacity via quasi-static lateral compres...     

Effect of deep oxidation of chalcopyrite on surface properties and flotation performanceOA

In this study, chalcopyrite was oxidized in hydrogen peroxide(H₂O₂) solutions of different concentrations to simulate different degrees of oxidation in real ores, and the effects of H₂O₂ treatment on chalcopyrite surface properties and flotation performance were investigated by surface analysis techniques and floatation experiments, which implied the reason for the poor grade and recovery of oxidized chalcopyrite concentrate in the production process o...     

Investigation of a non-explosive directional roof cutting technology for self-formed roadwayOA

Traditional explosives have characteristics of high risk, large vibration, and poor directional fracturing.Consequently, an instantaneous expander with a single crack surface(IESCS), which is a novel nonexplosive directional rock-breaking technique, has been developed. The directional roof-cutting mechanism of the IESCS method, driven by high-pressure gas, was theoretically analyzed. Laboratory experiments and numerical simulations proved the directional slitting effect of the IESCS method to be...     

Investigation on fracture models and ground pressure distribution of thick hard rock strata including weak interlayer

Dynamic disasters, such as rock burst due to the breaking of large area stiff roof strata, are known to occur in the hard rock strata of coal mines. In this paper, mechanical models of the fracturing processes of thick hard rock strata were established based on the thick plate theory and numerical simulations. The results demonstrated that, based on the fracture characteristics of the thick hard rock strata, four fracture models could be analyzed in detail, and the corresponding theoretical failure criteria were determined in detail. In addition, the influence of weak interlayer position on the fracture models and ground pressure of rock strata is deeply analyzed, and six numerical simulation schemes have been implemented. The results showed that the working face pressure caused by the independent movement of the lower layer is relatively low. The different fracture type of the thick hard rock strata had different demands on the working resistance of the hydraulic powered supports. The working resistance of the hydraulic powered supports required by the stratified movements was lower than that of the non-stratified movements.     

围岩与衬砌复合体的粘弹性分析

本文在平面应变条件下,对粘弹性圆形巷道和衬砌的耦合问题进行分析,衬砌(粘弹或弹性的)是在巷道开挖后,或巷道形成后经过一段时间蠕变才加上的。使用积分型粘弹本构关系——Boltzmann记忆积分求出围岩和衬砌的位移,然后根据它们交界面处的连续条件,得到位移围岩和衬砌交界面上支护反力为未知量的积分方程。最后,对一些具体情况由积分方程求得支护反力,从而得到围岩和衬砌的位移和应力,并对其进行了分析。     

Simplified design of rock cavern concrete lining to resist shock loading

A simplified method was proposed for the design of concrete lining in underground rock cavern/tunnel against shock loading. The loading may result from the detonation of explosives on ground surface or ground penetration projectiles exploding adjacent to the cavern/tunnel. The resulting problem necessitates the solution of the dynamics of a beam loaded by a transient pressure uniformly distributed over the span. According to mechanical characteristics of the system with rock bolt and shotcrete, a dynamic support design method based on equivalent single degree of freedom (SDOF) was put forward. The SDOF method was applied to obtaining the maximum displacement at the mid-span of the beam, which is often the controlling factor in the blast-resistant design. In the formulation of the problem, the proposed method combines the phenomena of spalling and structural dynamics theory. An example is provided to demonstrate the applicability of this simplified method.     

膨胀性土质隧道围岩级别划分与支护对策研究

采用统计分析结合室内试验的方法,对山西某膨胀性土质隧道的工程地质性质进行了测试分析,系统研究了隧道出口端膨胀性土质的物理力学特性,提出了具有实用参考价值的铁路土质隧道围岩级别划分的亚级细化标准,并结合地质雷达图谱提供的相关参数数据,综合室内实验土体物理力学参数,对该膨胀性土质隧道的围岩分级进行了亚级细化,从而调整了该隧道的支护参数,改良了出口端的整体支护。研究结果对膨胀性土质的特性进行了合理评价,为隧道开挖方案的确定和支护参数的优化提供了理论依据,对今后膨胀性土质隧道的安全施工具有极其重要的实践价值和理论意义。     

隧道复合式衬砌防水层破坏特性的里兹法分析

为了分析公路隧道防水层渗漏水产生的原因,应用平板大挠度理论中的里兹法,对隧道复合式衬砌防水层中的防水板在混凝土基体缺陷与水压力作用下的破坏特性进行研究,建立了长方形与椭圆形混凝土缺陷下防水板中心挠度公式与板内应力 应变计算公式,采用第一强度理论推导了防水板的临界深度及临界荷载.研究结果表明,防水板最大主应力在混凝土长方形基体缺陷下出现在长边中点,在椭圆形基体缺陷下出现在中心位置,防水板的破坏与混凝土基体缺陷的具体尺寸有关.研究结果将为选择合适的防水板,设计合理的防水设计方案,研究防水板的施工新工艺提供重要的参考依据.     

Analysis and calculation of thermal conductivity of rock in deep strata

The thermal conductivity of rock is an important parameter for the deep mine and the geothermal development. It is often not possible to measure the thermal conductivity of the rocks present in the deep strata, and the usual approach is to calculate thermal conductivity including mineralogy and porosity. The compositions of core samples from the MID01 borehole in the Bj?rk? area were determined, and the minera composition was classified. The calculation of the thermal conductivity of rock in the borehole was carried out, and the main factors for the thermal conductivity of rock were analyzed. The results show that the calculated thermal conductivity of rock is reliable and useful for the design and calculation of geothermal development in the Bj?rk? area. Foundation item: Project(50490274) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China; project supported by the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China and Bj?rk? project supported by the Energy Agency of Sweden     

Analysis and calculation of thermal conductivity of rock in deep strata

The thermal conductivity of rock is an important parameter for the deep mine and the geothermal development. It is often not possible to measure the thermal conductivity of the rocks present in the deep strata, and the usual approach is to calculate thermal conductivity including mineralogy and porosity. The compositions of core samples from the MID01 borehole in the Bjorko area were determined, and the mineral composition was classified. The calculation of the thermal conductivity of rock in the borehole was carried out, and the main factors for the thermal conductivity of rock were analyzed. The results show that the calculated thermal conductivity of rock is reliable and useful for the design and calculation of geothermal development in the Bjorko area.     

确定岩质边坡地震安全系数的新方法

地震作用下岩质边坡安全系数是一个随时间变化的函数,如何依据岩质边坡安全系数时程给出边坡在地震作用下的稳定性评价指标,这是一个尚未很好解决的工程难题.基于显式波动有限元方法,给出了岩质边坡动力安全系数时程的计算方法,并引入可靠度的概念,提出了新的边坡动力稳定性评价指标-可靠度动力安全系数,给出了相应的计算方法,即边坡的可靠度动力安全系数等于边坡安全系数时程的平均值减去边坡安全系数时程的标准差与工程可接受的可靠度的乘积,使边坡的动力稳定性评价与工程可接受的风险紧密结合起来.将其应用于某岩质边坡,并与拟静力法的结果进行了比较.结果表明,所提出的边坡动力稳定性评价指标能够较好地考虑工程风险,其计算方法是可靠的,可直接应用实际工程.     

Simulation research on the influence of eroded primary key strata on dynamic strata pressure of shallow coal seams in gully terrain

In Huojitu Coal Mine of Shendong mining area,the dynamic strata pressure (DSP) accidents occurred when the working faces passed the gully terrain,Focusing on this problem,we used physical simulation ex...     

水工隧洞检修期衬砌与围岩联合承载作用机理

衬砌与围岩是水工隧洞的主要组成部分,外水压力是其承担的主要荷载之一.结合某水电站工程实例,建立其发电引水隧洞的有限元数值分析模型,针对衬砌与围岩有条件联合承载作用特征,对衬砌外围岩变形模量进行折减以反映围岩的作用,并引入具有一定抗拉强度的薄层单元量化反映衬砌与围岩有条件联合承载能力.结果表明:与衬砌完全单独承载外水压力计算结果相比,围岩在承担外水压力中的作用不容忽视,且随着外围岩体变形模量的增加,其所分担的外水压力越大;采用薄层单元量化后,衬砌与围岩的联合承载机理更为明确,薄层单元开裂前,围岩承担外水压力较多,薄层单元开裂后,衬砌承担外水压力较多,因而要确保回填灌浆和固结灌浆质量,以提高衬砌与围岩联合承载能力.