数字技术在建筑设计中的应用

数字技术的快速发展以及全球化浪潮,大力推进了数字技术在各行各业的应用,因此当我们谈及数字建筑时,不可脱离于这一大环境。在建筑设计中,数字技术早已渗透到前期、中期、后期三个阶段中,通过不同软件和技术的相互结合,辅助并指导了建筑设计的进行,使许多设计经验从感性到理性、从抽象到具象,使每个设计步骤和依据量化,更加有迹可循。     

Integrated design approach for improving architectural forms in industrialized building systems

An architectural design process is investigated to achieve form flexibility in industrialized building systems (IBS), as IBS constructions do not have sufficient flexibility to develop varied architectural forms. The ethnography method has been used to examine the issues related to “form” flexibility in the design life cycle of IBS constructions by observing the constructions of live experimental models. The major tasks and respective design aspects that facilitate form flexibilities in architectural design have been identified. Furthermore, an integrated life cycle model has been developed to effectively address the interfaces between the design tasks and eventually fulfill the needs of IBS in the design life cycle.     

感性工学在建筑设计中的应用与思考——以住宅设计为例

感性工学是一种将感性分析与工学相结合的技术,其主要对用户的心理感性倾向进行分析,并且依据用户的喜好来设计产品、制造产品,隶属于工学学科的一个新的分支。本文以感性工学在住宅设计中的实践应用为例,简述关于感性工学在建筑设计中的应用。     

Commonly encountered seismic design faults due to the architectural design of residential buildings in Turkey

The 17 August 1999 and 12 November 1999 earthquakes in Western Anatolia provided undesirable field evidence that most of the low story residential reinforced concrete buildings have very poor earthquake resistance. Architectural design faults negatively affect the structural behavior of buildings. In Turkey, earthquake-resistant design is considered to be exclusively within the field of responsibility of structural engineers. As a result, architects and especially students of architecture are not well informed about the effect of their design decisions on the seismic performance of the buildings. Structural damages in collapsed buildings demonstrate that most of the design faults that lead to destruction of buildings are due to architectural decisions. This paper intends to present the concept of earthquake-resistant design in a comprehensible format for the architects and builders, therefore aims to contribute to the efforts of creating a better awareness of earthquake resistant building design.     

方案设计在建筑设计中的价值与应用分析

随着我国经济的快速发展,建筑行业得到了极大的发展,逐渐成为我国经济组成中的支柱性产业。建筑方案的设计作为工程项目建设过程中的一个关键阶段,可以说其将会直接决定建筑工程的建设质量。     

浅析五感在建筑设计中的表现与运用

在当今浮躁的社会环境背景下,我们应该如何用心感受城市空间、建筑空间、室内空间,五感在设计中的研究显得越来越重要。特别是当视觉已经成为我们感知习惯时,以其作为主导的感知使我们产生错觉和感知错误时,我们该如何拓展其他感知的范围,增加空间的多重感知性。本文主要是通过研究五感的来源、五感在建筑设计中的表现,对不同感知的解析,阐述其在建筑设计中不同的感知形式对建筑设计的影响,并强调五感在建筑设计中的重要性。     

A suite of prototype CAD tools to support early phases of architectural design

A suite of prototype CAD (computer-aided design) tools has been developed as part of an educational experiment in which an architectural design studio course was combined with a computer science graduate course on architectural CAD to study the collaboration between architects and their clients in a computer-based environment. The suite of tools is based on formalized abstractions inspired by lessons learned in the VLSI (very large-scale integrated circuit) CAD revolution of the 1980s. It encourages a step-by-step transformation of a building program, first into symbolic representations that can be checked and evaluated with automated programs, and eventually into simple but consistent 3-D (three-dimensional) geometry that can be inspected with an interactive walk-through visualization program.     

Forcing biological sciences into architectural design: On conceptual confusions in the field of biomimetic architecture

Certain confusion may be observed in the field of biomimetic architecture, as it emerges at the crossroad of two disciplinary domains: architectural design and biological sciences. If biomimetics is defined as a science, once it is applied to architecture, biomimetic architecture should logically be defined as a science too. This assertion collides with the nature of architectural design, which may rather be defined as a technology: its aim is to transform the world, not to explain it. On the one hand, there is no obvious relationship between architecture and life sciences. On the other hand, the biomimetic approach tends to redefine the concept of science itself by seeking to avoid the excesses of scientism. Moreover, existing applications of biomimetic design show that it is difficult to observe a genuine biomimetic architecture; most cases are closer to engineering component or urban planning and sometimes they involve little or no life sciences. The aim of this paper is to describe this conceptual confusion through two movements called “forcings”, occurring between design and science. These forcings are conceptualised as shifts between constructed scientific objects and given empirical objects. Models, used in biology as in architecture, allow these shifts by virtue of their double function. They are both tools for knowledge and for design, thus they may be conceptually forced into what they are not supposed to be, particularly in the field of biomimetic architecture where design process and scientific knowledge are said to meet.     

建筑设计企业核心人才的管理

作为企业主要价值创造者以及核心竞争力的体现者,核心人才已成为建筑设计企业关注的焦点和管理的重点。本文通过对核心人才的界定,核心人才的招聘以及企业留住核心人才的策略的分析,构建了建筑设计企业核心人才管理的基本框架。     

Biology and architecture: An ongoing hybridization of scientific knowledge and design practice by six architectural offices in France

As a highly interdisciplinary field, architecture is being influenced by many subjects of natural and social sciences. Biology despite being apparently distant from architecture is currently a scientific field blending into design practices, which have evolved and shifted towards a new hybrid framework. In this article, we present an emerging design field of what we categorize as biomimetic architecture pioneering by six architectural offices in France. We observe the impact of scientific researches on design processes and practices through six case studies led by these offices, which can be seen through the actors who involved in various types of interdisciplinary collaborations, through the competencies of the architect himself, and through new sources of ideas coming from biological sciences and related fields. We propose to use a classification of theoretical uses in modeling practice to better understand the role that biological knowledge plays in architectural design practices. Finally, the result of this analysis shows that the use of biology taking place in a design space has external purposes, which transform it to produce engineering devices or urban schemes rather than architectural projects. It also shows that biology in architectural design induces other kinds of non-biological knowledge, is not strictly theoretical and could be obsolete or approximate. These findings lead to an epistemological discussion concerning the confusion between biological ‘knowledge’ and architectural design ‘know-how’.     

AutoCAD软件在工程设计中的应用

从图层定义、字体设置、标注设置、Purge命令的使用以及模版设置几方面出发，介绍了AumCAD软件在应用过程中的注意事项，就如何正确运用进行了阐述，为绘制完整的图纸积累了宝贵经验。     

建筑设计方案选优的计算机算法设计

在多目标规划综合评价方法中引入加权欧几里德距离公式取代原有计算公式 ,更能体现各目标相对重要性权重 ,从而更符合实际的综合评价需要。通过计算机算法研究 ,设计出多目标规划综合评价程序 ,在程序中将加权欧几里德距离计算公式编制成子程序 ,结合对评价值的合适处理方法 ,将权重值和评价值编成数据文件。通过程序中循环次数控制设计方案个数和评价指标个数 ,经过计算机计算最后得到正确、直观的综合评价结果。给出计算机算法设计思想和程序框图以及上机操作过程。     

The fourth house: the design of a bioclimatic house in Venezuela

A new prototype, bioclimatic terraced (or row) house for Tamare, Venezuela is being developed to address contemporary Venezuelan urban problems of lot size, urban sprawl, urban dispersion and high energy consumption. The design is based upon principles from three previous vernacular house types in the Maracaibo Lake basin. The design of the high density bioclimate house is proposed with narrow frontage, two or three floors and an innovative interior space which is integrated into the building as a vertical patio to generate a ‘detached row building’. The resulting prototype is predicted to consume less energy and land resources while exploiting bioclimatic principles.

Un nouveau prototype: la maison à terrasses (ou rangées) bioclimatiques pour Tamare, au Venezuela a été développé pour faire face aux problèmes urbains vénézuéliens actuels que sont la dimension des parcelles, l'étendue et la dispersion des zones urbaines et la consommation élevée d'énergie. Le concept de base repose sur un principe de trois types de maisons anciennes de style régional typique du lac Maracaibo. Le projet de la maison à haute densité bioclimatique prévoit une façade étroite, deux ou trois étages et un espace innovateur intérieur qui est intégré dans le bâtiment comme une sorte de patio vertical afin de former un ‘bâtiment à rangée séparée’. Le prototype en résultant est prévu pour consommer moins d'énergie et de ressources naturelles grâce à l'exploitation des principes bioclimatiques.     

地域文化在建筑设计中的应用探讨

随着现代化城市发展进程速度的加快,建筑行业也获得了空前大发展,在现今的建筑中,能够体现地域文化的元素越来越多地在建筑设计及建造中出现,这也从某种程度上说明建筑是体现地域文化特色的一个载体,更能反映出人们的精神内涵。本文就地域文化在建筑设计过程中的应用意义和原则以及应用策略进行简要的分析与探讨。     

从“师法自然”到“算法自然”——分形法则在建筑设计中的运用

分形几何及其理论是重新认识建筑现象和评价建筑设计方法的新工具。本文以分形理论在建筑设计中的几个运用案例分析为出发点,探讨了从感性的"师法自然"到理性地运用分形理论的"算法自然"的必要性。     

The application of building performance simulation in the writing of architectural history: Analysing climatic design in 1960s Israel

This article presents a methodology for the integration of building performance simulation (BPS) into the writing of architectural history. While BPS tools have been developed mainly for design purposes, their current maturity enables to reliably apply them in simulating the performance of past buildings, even when these buildings have been significantly modified or demolished. The possibility to virtually reconstruct the performance of past buildings can help us to overcome the existing knowledge gap in the understanding of the role played by building performance and building performance research through the history of architecture and can therefore promote the intelligent and successful application of environmental features in contemporary architecture. The potential of the proposed methodology is presented here using a historical case study from 1960s Israel (a university building in Tel Aviv), in which climatic considerations were anexplicit part of the entire design process. The original thermal performance of the building was analysed by employing the EnergyPlus simulation engine, and the simulation results were used for evaluating the climatic impact of certain design decisions, comparing them with the proclaimed design goals and the original intentions of the architects.     

传统建筑空间在现代建筑设计中的运用

通过对成都宽窄巷子的实地调研和建筑空间形态的分析,提出了传统空间场所精神营造的设计要素即巷、节点、院落,并针对建筑设计实践——成都国际科技合作中心,对如何将传统建筑空间形态要素运用到现代建筑中进行了探究,以供参考。     

浅谈CAD软件应用与建筑结构设计

结合近几年来工程实践中发现的类似问题,分析了使用PKPM软件在设计中容易出现的问题,详细地介绍了结构平面辅助设计软件PMCAD的应用、平面框排架计算及绘图软件PK的应用、独立基础及条形基础设计软件JCCAD的应用,以提高应用PKPM软件进行结构设计的质量.     

基于实践环节的土木专业建筑设计教学探讨

建筑设计是土木专业需要涉及的一个实践教学环节,如何在建筑设计环节中既能丰富学科知识背景、又能按照社会行业分工体现专业主要方向,一直备受关注。本文从目前土木专业的建筑设计现状出发剖析其不受重视的原因并探讨改进的措施。