Comparison of hydration properties between cement-GGBS-fly ash blended binder and cement-GGBS-steel slag blended binder

The hydration properties of cement-GGBS-fly ash blended binder and cement-GGBS-steel slag blended binder were compared. The experimental results show that the hydration rate of cement-GGBS- steel slag blended binder is higher than that of cement-GGBS-fly ash blended binder within 28 days, but lower than the latter after 28 days. The hydration of cement-GGBS-steel slag blended binder tends to produce more Ca（OH）2 than the hydration of cement-GGBS-fly ash blended binder, especially at late ages. Cement-GGBS- steel slag mortar exhibits higher strength than cement-GGBS-fly ash mortar within 28 days, but at late ages, it exhibits similar compressive strength with eement-GGBS-fly ash mortar and even slightly lower bending strength than cement-GGBS-fly ash mortar. Cement-GGBS-steel slag paste has finer early pore structure but coarser late pore structure than cement-GGBS-fly ash paste. Cement-GGBS-steel slag paste can get satisfied late pore structure and cement-GGBS-steel slag mortar can get satisfied late strength as compared with pure cement paste and pure cement mortar, respectively.     

钢渣去除可溶性淀粉及其动力学过程研究

为了开发利用钢渣的吸附性能,研究了钢渣细度、用量、溶液温度、pH值对钢渣吸附去除淀粉的影响以及钢渣吸附淀粉的动力学曲线和等温吸附方程,试验结果表明,钢渣对可溶性淀粉的吸附速度快,吸附容量大,吸附过程符合Langmuir等温吸附方程,动力学过程可用Langergen准一级反应动力学方程描述。     

CaO改性对合成渣矿相及易磨性的影响

使用分析纯试剂配制CaO—SiO2-MgO-Fe2O3四元合成渣系,调节该合成渣中CaO的含量,采用SEM,EDS,XRD等方法分析其矿相变化规律。粉磨不同CaO含量的渣样及风淬钢渣,采用激光粒度分析仪对其进行粒度测试,研究渣中CaO含量对其易磨性的影响。结果表明：随着CaO含量的增加,渣中易磨的硅酸盐相所占比例增大,难磨的RO相含量减少,CaO的加入改善了渣的易磨性。     

矿粉对水泥和混凝土性能的影响

为了探寻矿粉细度及掺入量对水泥和混凝土性能的影响,通过试验测试方法,分析了矿粉和水泥的基本性质,研究了超细矿粉和普通矿粉的掺量对水泥基材料标准稠度、凝结时间、流动度和力学性能的影响.结果表明：普通矿粉使水泥净浆标准稠度需水量下降,而超细矿粉则增加标准稠度需水量,两种矿粉都使水泥净浆凝结时间略微延长.普通矿粉可以改善水泥净浆的流动度,超细矿粉的加入则降低了水泥净浆的流动度.普通矿粉和超细矿粉降低水泥净浆早期（7 d）抗压强度,提高后期（28 d）抗压强度,掺10％～50％的普通矿粉的水泥净浆28 d抗压强度提高2.9％～9.7％,掺入超细矿粉28 d抗压强度提高3.9％～20.1％,普通矿粉和超细矿粉的最佳掺量为10％～30％;两种矿粉替代10％～50％水泥所配制的混凝土的强度得到了明显的提高.     

助熔剂种类与配比对高磷铁水脱磷渣高温性能的影响

分别以CaF2和B2O3为助熔剂,在实验室条件下研究了助熔剂种类与配比对脱磷渣熔点的影响,并测定了脱磷渣在不同温度下的黏度值。结果表明,以CaF2为助熔剂时,在保证脱磷渣熔点较低和流动性较好的同时,为了减轻设备腐蚀和环境污染程度,脱磷渣中CaF2与CaO的质量分数比值以0.50为最佳;以B2O3作为助熔剂时,只有当脱磷渣中B2O3与CaO的质量分数比值达到0.16时,助熔效果才比较明显。     

CaO/SiO2比对伟晶岩多孔微晶玻璃性能的影响

为了研究CaO与SiO₂质量比对伟晶岩多孔微晶玻璃性能的影响,以CAS多孔微晶玻璃为研究对象,通过DTA、XRD、SEM和三点弯曲法等分析手段进行研究.实验结果表明：随着CaO与SiO₂质量比例的增加,副硅灰石晶体的长径比逐渐减小,当CaO与SiO₂质量比为18∶60时,副硅灰石晶体体积分数为最大;随着CaO/SiO₂质量比的增加,主晶相没有发生改变,均为副硅灰石晶体;样品的抗压强度、抗折强度均随CaO与SiO₂质量比的增加而增加,当增加到一定值后又呈下降趋势;样品耐酸性的最大抗折损失率达到了0.3045 ,耐碱性能的最大抗折损失率为0.31654.     

Effect of CaO doping on mechanical properties and thermal shock resistance of 10NiO-NiFe2O4 composite ceramics

The CaO doped 10NiO-NiFe2O4 composite ceramics were prepared by the cold isostatic pressing-sintering process, and the effects of CaO content on the phase composition, mechanical property and thermal shock resistance of 10NiO-NiFe2O4 composite ceramics were studied. The results show that the samples mainly consist of NiO and NiFe2O4 when content of CaO is less than 4%（mass fraction）, bending strength increases obviously by CaO doping. Bending strength of the samples doped with 2% CaO is above 185 MPa, but that of the samples without CaO is only 60 MPa. Fracture toughness is improved obviously by CaO doping, the samples doped with 2% CaO have the maximum fracture toughness of 2.12 MPa·m^1/2, which is about two times of that of the undoped ceramics. CaO doping is bad to thermal shock resistance of 10NiO-NiFe2O4 composite ceramics.     

i-PP-g-MAH对i-PP／CaSO4复合材料的影响

用在50L固相接枝反应器中合成的马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(i-PP-g-MAH)作界面改性剂，制备了马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯／聚丙烯／硫酸钙晶须(i-PP-g-MAH／i-PP／CaSO4)复合材料．研究了i-PP-g-MAH／i-PP／CaSO4复合材料的形态结构和力学性能．结果表明：i-PP-g-MAH对i-PP／CaSO4复合物的缺口抗冲强度、弯曲强度和拉伸强度均有增强作用；i-PP-g-MAH对硫酸钙晶须填充的i-PP／CaSO4复合物表观粘度几乎没有影响．SEM观察发现i-PP-g-MAH对硫酸钙晶须填充的i-PP／CaSO4复合物相界面有明显的改善．     

Na2C2O4对硬石膏水化硬化的影响及作用机理

研究了草酸钠对硬石膏水化进程、硬化体显微结构与强度、液相离子浓度与二水石膏析晶过饱和度的影响,从二水石膏晶体成核与生长的角度探讨了草酸钠的作用机理.草酸钠使硬石膏水化率提高,水化热集中,水化潜伏期缩短,水化进程加快;草酸钠使二水石膏晶体细化,硬化体结构致密,强度提高,是硬石膏水化活性的高效激发剂.草酸钠作用机理归纳为：草酸钠与硬石膏反应形成草酸钙沉淀与可溶硫酸盐,使液相SO2-4浓度大幅提高;提高二水石膏析晶过饱和度,使二水石膏临界晶核半径减小,晶体成核与生长速率加快;草酸钠促进硬石膏溶解.     

CaO对ZnO-Sb2O3-P2O5-CaO系统玻璃结构与性能的影响

采用熔体冷却的方法制备了(30-x)ZnO-35Sb2O3-35P2O5-xCaO(x=0~12.5mol)系统玻璃,并借助红外光谱、差热曲线等对玻璃结构和性能进行了分析。结果表明,随着CaO的增加,磷酸盐玻璃的结构无明显的变化;随着CaO取代ZnO含量的不断增加,玻璃的转变温度和软化温度都有所提高,同时提高了玻璃的耐水性。由于CaO和ZnO的分子质量和摩尔体积相差不大,所以取代后磷酸盐玻璃的密度和摩尔体积有所下降但变化不大。玻璃的热膨胀系数和抗析晶能力随着CaO含量的增加都先增加后减小。     

Mg/Zn/Al类水滑石的热性质和水化性能研究

采用共沉淀法制备了Mg2Al1，Zn2Al1和Mg1Zn1Al1类水滑石（LDHs），利用XRD，FT-IR和TG／DTA等表征手段，对三种LDHs的热分解性质及焙烧物在Na2CO3水溶液中水化恢复层状结构的能力进行对比研究．结果表明：在400～700℃温度范围内，Zn2Al1 LDH和Mg2Al1 LDH的焙烧物中均出现氧化物相（ZnO和MgO）和尖晶石相（ZnAl2O4和MgAl2P4相），而Mg1Zn1Al1 LDH的焙烧物中始终以ZnO相为主，仅在700℃时出现微弱的MgAl2O4相．三种LDHs的焙烧物经Na2CO3溶液处理后恢复层状结构的能力大小为：Mg1Zn1Al1 LDH〉Mg2Al1 LDH〉Zn2Al1 LDH，其与焙烧物的组成有关．原始LDHs的层间含CO3^2-和NO3^-，而恢复后的LDHs层间仅含CO3^2-．随LDHs中Mg含量增加，热失重温度向高温区移动．     

Fe3+-TiO2/SiO2气相光催化降解乙醛反应动力学研究

用浸渍法制备了Fe^3 -TiO2／SiO2负载型光催化剂,并进行了光催化降解气相中乙醛的实验和动力学研究．结果表明,Fe^3 掺杂量(nFe3 ／nTi4)为0．5％时光催化降解乙醛的效率最高;水气的存在提高了Fe^3 -TiO2／SiO2负载型催化剂的光催化活性,但使Fe^3 -TiO2纳米粉的光催化活性降低;O2的存在使Fe^3 -TiO2纳米粉和Fe^3 -TiO2／SiO2负载型催化剂的催化活性均有所降低;光强减弱使乙醛降解率下降,反应速率与光强之间呈近似线性关系;光催化降解气相中乙醛的动力学可以用Langrauir-Hinshelwood动力学方程描述．     

Influence of substituting Ni with Co on hydriding and dehydriding kinetics of melt spun nanocrystalline and amorphous Mg2Ni-type alloys

In order to improve the hydriding and dehydriding kinetics of the Mg₂Ni-type alloys, Ni in the alloy is substituted by element Co. The nanocrystalline and amorphous Mg₂Ni-type Mg₂Ni_1−x Co _x (x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) alloys were synthesized by melt-spinning technique. The structures of the as-cast and spun alloys were studied with an X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and a high resolution transmission electronic microscope (HRTEM). An investigation on the thermal stability of the as-spun alloys was carried out with a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The hydrogen absorption and desorption kinetics of the alloys were measured with an automatically controlled Sieverts apparatus. The results demonstrate that the substitution of Co for Ni does not alter the major phase of Mg₂Ni but results in the formation of secondary phase MgCo₂. No amorphous phase is detected in the as-spun Co-free alloy, but a certain amount of amorphous phase is clearly found in the as-spun Co-containing alloys. The substitution of Co for Ni exerts a slight influence on the hydriding kinetics of the as-spun alloy. However, it dramatically enhances the dehydriding kinetics of the as-cast and spun alloys. As Co content (x) increases from 0 to 0.4, the hydrogen desorption capacity increases from 0.19% to 1.39% (mass fraction) in 20 min for the as-cast alloy, and from 0.89% to 2.18% (mass fraction) for the as-spun alloy (30 m/s).     

分散方式对Ni-Si_3N_4纳米复合电镀层显微组织和性能的影响

采用超声波分散加机械搅拌技术在纯铜板上制备了含有纳米Si3N4颗粒的镍基纳米复合镀层,研究了分散方式对复合镀层中纳米颗粒含量、复合镀层组织结构、显微硬度和磨损性能的影响。利用扫描电镜(SEM)和X-射线衍射仪(XRD)分析了镀层表面的显微组织及相结构,通过磨损实验机检测了复合镀层的耐磨性能。结果表明,采用超声波分散技术可获得组织细密、高显微硬度的纳米复合镀层,其显微硬度最高可达996 HV,耐磨性能较未经超声波分散处理的镀层有显著提高。     

Influence of Yttrium Ion-implantation on Oxidation Kinetics of Co-40Cr Alloy and Property of Oxide/Substrate Interface

The isothermal and cyclic oxidizing kinetics of Co-40Cr alloy and its yttrium ion-implanted samples were studied at 1000℃ in air by thermal-gravity analysis （TGA）. Scanning electronic microscopy （SEM） was used to examine the Cr203 oxide film＇s morphology after oxidation. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy （SIMS） method was used to examine the binding energy change of chromium caused by yttrium doping. Acoustic emission （AE） method was used in situ to monitor the cracking and spalling of oxide films formed on both samples during oxidizing and subsequent air-cooling stages. It is found that yttrium implantation remarkably reduces the isothermal oxidizing rate of Co-40Cr and improves the anti-cracking and anti-spalling properties of Cr2O3 oxide film. The reasons for the improvements are mainly that implanted yttrium reduces the grain size of Cr2O3 oxide, increases the high temperature plasticity of oxide film, and remarkably reduces the number and size of Cr2O3/Co-40Cr interfacial defects.     

退火温度对ZnS/PS薄膜的晶体结构和光电性质的影响

用脉冲激光沉积法(PLD)在多孔硅(PS)衬底上生长ZnS薄膜,分别在300℃、400℃和500℃下真空退火。用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了退火对ZnS薄膜的晶体结构和表面形貌的影响,并测量了ZnS/PS复合体系的光致发光(PL)谱和异质结的I-V特性曲线。研究表明,ZnS薄膜仅在28.5°附近存在着(111)方向的高度取向生长,由此判断薄膜是单晶立方结构的-βZnS。随着退火温度的升高,-βZnS的(111)衍射峰强度逐渐增大,且ZnS薄膜表面变得更加均匀致密,说明高温退火可以有效地促进晶粒的结合并改善结晶质量。ZnS/PS复合体系的PL谱中,随着退火温度升高,ZnS薄膜的自激活发光强度增大,而PS的发光强度减小,说明退火处理更有利于ZnS薄膜的发光。根据三基色叠加的原理,ZnS的蓝、绿光与PS的红光相叠加,ZnS/PS体系可以发射出较强的白光。但过高的退火温度会影响整个ZnS/PS体系的白光发射。ZnS/PS异质结的I-V特性曲线呈现出整流特性,且随着退火温度的升高其正向电流增加。     

聚丙烯与碳化硼共混体系的纺丝与性能研究

讨论了聚丙烯／碳化硼共混体系中碳化硼粒度、助剂种类和用量、温度等因素对该体系流变性能及可纺性的影响，并对纤维和织物的性能进行了测试．     

Ce对Al-15%Mg_2Si复合材料组织和性能的影响

为了研究Ce元素对Al-15%Mg_2Si复合材料微观组织和力学性能的影响,利用原位内生工艺制备了Al-15%Mg_2Si复合材料,并加入不同质量分数的Ce元素对复合材料进行细化变质.利用扫描电子显微镜进行微观组织观察,利用布氏硬度计和液压万能试验机进行力学性能测试.结果表明,添加Ce元素后Mg_2Si相以块状和粒状形态存在于Al基体中,随着Ce元素质量分数的增加,初生Mg_2Si相得到细化,其力学性能呈现先增大后减小的趋势.当Ce元素的质量分数为0.6%时,初生Mg_2Si相的细化效果最好,其力学性能最佳.     

Influence of an Optimized Fibre Coating on Interfacial and Mechanical Properties of Glass Fibre／Polypropylene Composites

The influence of pretreatment of fibre on interfacial and mechanical properties of glass fibre/polypropylene composites was investigated.Firstly,the glass fibres were coated with the blends of m-IPP(maleic anhydride grafting isotatic polypropylene)and m-APP(maleic anhydride grafting amorphous polypropylene)in different ratios.Secondly,the interfacial reaction of the coated composites was analysed by FTIR，which shows that the interfacial chemical reaction reaction between m-IPP/m-APP in the fibre coating and the fibre suface-bound coupling agent is in existence.Thirdly,the microstructure of the coated composites was studied by SEM.The results indicate that the coating treatment if effective on improving interfacial adhesion of the fibre-matrix and the right amount of m-APP added to the coat impels the plastic deformation surrounding the point of cracks,which makes cracks turn to region and prevents from further interface debonding.Lastly,the mechanical properties were evaluated by measurement of the flexural strength and impact strength of the composites.It was fond that the flexural strength and impact strength of the composites with coating fibre are higher than those of uncoating fibre composite.The results of these investigations draw the conclusion that the pretreatment of fibre with m-IPP/m-APP blends can form an optimize interlayer between the fibre and the PP matrix,which improves both the strength and toughness of the composites.