条斑紫菜中四个多糖组分的提取及组成分析

利用离子交换柱层析和凝胶柱层析法对条斑紫菜热水提取物中的多糖进行了分离纯化,共获得四个不同的多糖组分,柱层析法测定它们的分子量分别为２．２＊１０＾５、２．０＊１０＾４、１．８＊１０＾５和１．５＊１０＾４。采用气相色谱及化学分析等方法测出多糖各种组成成分的含量。     

聚吡咯修饰生物传感器的制备及应用

用电化学方法制备了聚吡咯－抗坏血酸传感器,研究了传感器制制备的条件,表征了传感器的电化学行为特征及其对抗坏血酸的Ｎｅｒｎｓｔ响应特性。传感器对抗坏血酸 Ｎｅｒｎｓｔ响应线性范围为５．０＊１０＾－１－５．０＊１０＾－８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ,为５７．５ｍＶ／ＰＶｃ,检测下限为１．０＊１０＾－８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。电极的稳定性好,响应快、,寿命较长。可用于饮料中抗坏血酸含量的测定。     

采用HPLC同时快速测定酱油中的苯甲酸钠,山梨酸

食品防腐剂苯甲酸钠，山梨酸广泛应用于各种食品中，限量使用在０．５～２ｇ／Ｋｇ，本文介绍了测定酱油中食品防腐剂苯甲酸钠，山梨酸含量的高效液相色谱法，本分析方法灵敏度高，操作简便，分析快速，整个过程的２８分钟，该法苯甲酸钠，山梨酸的最低检测限分别为２．４×１０＾－７ｍｇ／ｍｌ，６．１×１０＾－６ｍｇ／ｍｌ变异系数分别为０．０５％，０．０７％。     

辐照冷却包装分割猪肉研究

＾６０Ｃｏγ射线对不同菌株的沙门氏菌致死作用不同。猪霍乱沙门氏菌较肠炎沙门氏菌容易被杀灭。肠炎沙门氏菌ＣＣＴＣＣＡＢ９４０１８在０－５℃辐照条件下，１００ｇ猪肉含３．２＊１０＾４个活菌经１．５ｋＧｙ辐照就可被杀死，其Ｄ１０值为０．４９ｋＧｙ。     

高效液相色谱法测定大豆提取物中大豆异黄酮的含量

本文建立了大豆提取物中大豆异黄酮的高效液相色谱测定方法,通过正交试验了样品水解最佳条件为１．０ｍｏｌ／ｌ ＨＣｌ－ＭｅＯＨ溶解,８０℃下,回流水解０．５ｈ,采用Ｎｏｖａ－Ｐａｋ Ｃ１８ ３．９＊１０ｍｍ４μｍ色谱柱ＭｅＯＨ－０．４％Ｈ３ＰＯ４（４７：５３Ｖ／Ｖ）为流动相,流速０．７ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ检测波长２６０ｎｍ等色谱条件下测定甙元含量,通过换算因子计算大豆异黄酮的含量。该方法快速,灵敏、重理性好,     

多氧霉素B在烟草上的残留分析

本文报道了利用微生物测定法分析多氧霉素Ｂ在烟草中的残留量，试验在Ｋａｋｅｎ制药株式会社进行，分别对种植在不同试验区（南区和北区）的两种烟草使用多氧霉素Ｂ，并对其在烟叶中的残留进行分析。结果表明，这种方法测定多氧霉素Ｂ在烟草上残留的最低浓度是０．２×１０－６，回收率为７０％。在南区，最后一次用药后的第５天多氧霉素Ｂ在烟叶中残留量是０．４～３．２×１０－６，而在北区，最后一次用药后的第６天和第３２天多氧霉素Ｂ在烟叶中残留量是０．４～１．０×１０－６。     

用固相抽提提纯法测定烟草中有机氯和拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂残留物

开发了一种同时测定烟草中２１种有机氧和３种拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂残留量的方法。该法 用带有电子捕获检测器（ＥＣＤ）的气相色谱仪进行固相抽提检测,改进了原用的Ａ．Ｏ．Ａ．Ｃ．标准分析方 法,用Ｆｌｏｒｉｓｉｌ固相抽提管替代传统的大型ｆｌｏｒｉｓｉｌ柱提纯样品。用５０ｍｌ乙腈萃取５ｇ烟草样品,提取物浓 缩到 ０．５ｍｌ,再用加 ５％硫酸钠溶液（２ｍｌ）的 ５ｍｌ正己烷提取,随后将 １ｍｌ正己烷层溶液加到 Ｆｌｏｒｉｓｉｌ固相 （含 １．０ｇ）抽提管中,用 ２５ｍｌ ２０％乙酸／正己烷溶液洗脱,洗脱液蒸发至干,用 ２ｍｌ正己烷溶液溶解后,在 ＤＢ－５和ＤＢ－１７０１柱上进行气相色谱分析。每种化合物均由其在两柱中的保留时间来鉴定。掺入烟 草样品的有机氯杀虫剂的回收率在７８％－ １１７％范围内,检出限（取决于杀虫剂的灵敏度）为 １．０× １０－８ － ２．５ × １０－７。与 ＣＯＲＥＳＴＡ推荐的方法相比,固相抽提法具有回收率高和准确度高等优点,特别在一些 诸如异狄氏剂、β－硫丹和３种拟除虫菊酯等极性杀虫剂的测定中。     

葡萄糖的化学发光检测法及对发酵过程糖耗曲线的测定

本文首次将葡萄糖和Ｃｕ~（２＋）的氧化反应与Ｃｕ~（２＋）催化下鲁米诺和Ｈ_２Ｏ_２的化学发光反应偶联，建立了葡萄糖的化学发光（ＣｈｅｍｉｌｕｍｉｎｅｓｃｅｎｃｅＣＬ）检测法，并成功地测定了酒精酵母发酵过程中的糖耗曲线。该方法操作简便，线性范围宽（１０~（－６）～１０~（－３）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）。Ｆ－检验结果表明，ＣＬ法的测量精度明显高于传统的２，５－二硝基水扬酸比色法（ＤＮＳ法）。ＣＬ法的变异系数和最低检测限分别为２．６％和２．３×１０~（－６）ｍｏｌ／１（０．２ｍｌ，８３ｎｇ），均大大小于ＤＮＳ法的变异系数（５．０％）和最低检测限（１．１１×１０~（－５）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，３ｍｌ，６μｇ）。     

补钙醋中钙含量测定方法探讨

文中利用综合滴定法对补钙醋中钙含量的测定方法进行了探讨研究。有效地排除了Ａｌ＾３＋、Ｚｎ＾２＋、Ｆｅ＾２＋、Ｆｅ＾３＋、Ｍｇ＾２＋、Ｃｕ＾２＋等离子与有机干扰，使方法准确，稳定，重现性好，精密度高，５次测定的平均回收率为１００．２７％，标准偏差（ＳＤ）为０．６３、变异分数（ＲＳＤ）为０．６３％。     

马尾松硫酸盐浆单段氧脱木素最佳工艺条件的研究

本文研究了马尾松硫酸盐浆单段氧脱木素的最佳工艺条件。研究结果表明：马尾松硫酸盐浆单段氧脱木素采用如下的工艺条件：氧压０．６ＭＰａ,温度１００℃,时间８０ｍｉｎ,ＮａＯＨ用量５％,Ｍｇ－ＳＯ４用量０．５％,浆浓１０％。在此条件下,纸浆木素脱出率４７．１％,氧脱木素后纸浆粘度９４８．１ｃｍ＾３／ｇ,白度４１．０％,得率９６．９％,经过氧脱木素后浆的裂断长６．３ｋｍ,耐破指数５．６ｋＰａ．ｍ＾２／ｇ,撕     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the