混凝-臭氧催化氧化-曝气生物滤池处理工业园区污水

考察了混凝-臭氧催化氧化-曝气生物滤池组合工艺对某工业园区污水厂沉砂池出水COD的去除效果。结果表明,当进水COD质量浓度在92. 8～1 365 mg/L波动时,出水COD质量浓度平均降至57. 5 mg/L,平均去除率为81. 8%。臭氧催化氧化和曝气生物滤池单元对COD的平均去除率分别为35. 9%和56. 7%。在进一步优化工艺参数基础上,本组合工艺处理工业园区污水可以实现稳定达标排放。     

臭氧—曝气生物滤池深度处理印染废水研究

印染废水经物化和生化二级处理后,剩余部分可溶性难降解COD难以用常规方法去除。文章以臭氧氧化组合曝气生物滤池工艺处理上述废水,对臭氧投加量、氧化时间、曝气生物滤池停留时间、滤料选型做了多方面研究,最终结果表明:当臭氧投加量为40~50 mg/L,曝气生物滤池停留时间为3 h的条件下,经"臭氧+火山岩陶粒曝气生物滤池"工艺处理后COD平均值由95.9 mg/L降至55.3 mg/L,为该工艺的工程应用积累了理论基础。     

印染废水深度处理及回用

针对印染纺织废水稳定回用系统的浓水处理和脱盐问题,选用预处理系统(臭氧-曝气生物滤池一体化装置+曝气生物滤池)和膜系统(超滤+反渗透)的组合工艺,对印染纺织废水进行深度处理及回用。预处理较佳的工艺运行参数为:曝气生物滤池气水比为5,有机负荷分别约为2.1、1.0 kg(COD)/m3.d,溶解氧质量浓度为3.8 mg/L,水温35～40℃;臭氧投加量为20～30 mg/L。二级生化出水经预处理系统后,出水COD质量浓度平均值可降至27.4 mg/L,浊度为4.2 NTU,SS为3.0 mg/L,氨氮0.7 mg/L,色度2倍,再经过膜系统深度处理,淡水出水pH7.4～7.9,电导率50～200μs/cm,总硬度2～10 mg/L,总碱度25～60 mg/L,膜系统产水达到回用标准。测定浓水pH7.3～8.3,色度32倍,CODCr45.7～97.9 mg/L,可直接达标排放,保证系统稳定运行。     

曝气生物滤池工艺在炼油废水深度处理中的应用

在中石化济南分公司炼油废水深度处理改造项目中,将原有直径16 m的混凝沉淀池改造为两级串联运行的曝气生物滤池.该工艺具有结构新颖、处理效果好的特点.运行情况表明,该工艺对有机物、悬浮物均具有较好的处理效果,当进水COD为90～110 mg/L时,出水COD＜60 mg/L,满足地方排放标准.     

高盐分LAS废水处理工艺改造与调试

介绍了对混凝沉淀-两级好氧生化处理LAS废水工艺的改造思路,通过严格配制进水盐分和增加Fenton氧化,使得处理水的COD和LAS稳定达到一级排放标准,调试运行结果表明,COD由2 000～2 300 mg/L降至20 mg/L以下,LAS由110～190 mg/L降至0.2 mg/L以下。     

水解-好氧工艺处理香兰素废水试验研究

采用水解-好氧工艺对香兰素废水进行处理,在进水COD在≤1 000 mg/L,BOD5≤300 mg/L,色度≤80倍.水解停留时间≥4 h,好氧曝气停留时间1>25 h,常温的条件下,出水COD≤100 mg/L,色度降为10倍,COD去除率90%.     

A/O-两级Fenton-BAF组合工艺深度处理垃圾渗滤液

针对经膜生物反应器(MBR)处理后,难以再进一步生化降解的垃圾渗滤液,提出采用接触厌氧/好氧-两级Fenton-曝气生物滤池(BAF)组合工艺进行深度处理。原水COD约为1221mg/L,总氮约为201mg/L,运行结果表明,该工艺运行稳定,系统对COD的去除率达到93.8%,对总氮的去除率达到91.4%,出水COD80 mg/L、总氮20 mg/L完全达到生活垃圾填埋场污染控制标准(GB 16889-2008)中表2的排放标准。     

二级厌氧生物滤池处理大豆加工废水

利用二级厌氧生物滤池结合曝气生物滤池工艺处理大豆加工废水,运行表明,经炉渣过滤、混凝过滤、二级厌氧生物滤池、曝气生物滤池、深度过滤后,废水COD质量浓度由4×104mg/L下降到118 mg/L左右,达到了二级排放标准的要求.同时能回收部分产物作饲料.     

BAF深度处理PCB废水的实验研究

采用曝气生物滤池(BAF)工艺对太湖地区某印刷电路板厂现有废水处理系统出水进行深度处理。研究结果表明,在进水COD容积负荷为0.36 kg/(m3.d),进水平均COD为187.8 mg/L的条件下,BAF处理出水平均COD可降至42.1 mg/L,完全达到太湖地区废水排放标准要求,其出水pH等指标也符合排放要求。指出了废水中氨氮和Cu含量的变化规律,为中试和工艺设计应用提供了参考。     

曝气生物滤池-臭氧氧化-曝气生物滤池组合工艺对印染废水的深度处理

采用曝气生物滤池(BAF)-臭氧氧化-曝气生物滤池三段组合工艺对二级生化后的印染废水进行深度处理,进水COD为90～150 mg/L,色度为16-32倍,经该工艺处理后的出水COD<35 mg/L,去除率>75%,色度降到4倍以下.工程运行实践表明,该深度处理系统运行稳定,处理效率高,出水水质达到印染场洗水工序对水质的要求.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.