基于信道缩短的多频带超宽带信道估计

针对多频带超宽带系统,提出了一种基于信道缩短的信道估计方法.利用循环前缀(CP)结构,在接收机前端设计信道缩短均衡器,解决了循环前缀长度小于信道最大多径延迟时难于估计信道参数的问题.根据均衡器输出序列估计出复合信道,通过反卷积解出原信道参数.计算仿真表明该算法具有良好性能.     

基于导频序列信道缩短的超宽带信道估计

针对多频带超宽带系统,提出一种基于导频序列信道缩短的信道估计方法,解决了循环前缀长度小于信道最大多径延迟时难于估计信道参数的问题。首先在发送信号中插入块状导频,利用最小均方误差准则（MMSE）,在接收机前端设计信道缩短均衡器,然后根据均衡器输出序列估计出复合信道,最后通过反卷积解出原信道参数。仿真实验表明：该算法具有良好性能。     

OFDM系统基于信道多径时延检测的自适应信道估计

针对宽带正交频分复用(OFDM)系统,提出了一种基于信道多径时延估计的自适应信道估计算法.文章分析了无线信道的特性,随后利用导频频域相关性进行多径时延估计,提出通过动态跟踪信道时延估计参数自适应选择信道估计中适宜的导频数目的方法,同时实现循环前缀(CP)长度的实时调整.仿真结果表明,在时变环境下,本文算法可以有效获知当前信道时延参数的近似统计信息,实现对系统冗余信息的优化.     

一种基于信道缩短的MB-OFDM UWB稀疏信道估计算法

在MB-OFDMUWB系统中,利用UWB信道的稀疏簇特性,提出一种基于信道缩短的MB-UWB稀疏信道估计算法。首先利用信道缩短滤波器来消除由于循环前缀长度不足造成信道间干扰和码间干扰,然后基于信道缩短后的接收信号,利用UWB信道的稀疏性,探测出非零值抽头的位置,避免了无谓的零值抽头估计,改善了算法的性能。仿真结果表明:当循环前缀CP长度小于信道长度时,LS算法和DFT算法逐渐失效,而新算法可以获得较好的估计性能。     

OFDM系统基于导频的信道多径时延估计

本文针对宽带正交频分复用(OFDM)系统,分析了多径时延扩展与循环前缀(cP)长度及导频数目的关系.随后利用导频的频域相关性估计得到信道时域功率时延谱(PDP),并根据PDP提出信道均方根(RMS)时延及最大多径时延门限值的估计算法.最终实现OFDM系统对信道多径参量的实时跟踪,有利于系统参数自适应调整.仿真结果表明,本文算法在低复杂度条件下可以有效获知当前传输信道模型多径时延参数的近似统计信息.     

稀疏多径信道中单载波频域均衡系统的联合干扰抵消和均衡

针对大时延稀疏多径信道条件下的单载波频域均衡系统(SC-FDE),本文提出了一种新的迭代均衡结构,记为IC-FDE-DFE。IC-FDE-DFE可以缩短频域均衡所需的循环前缀(CP)的长度,提高稀疏多径信道下SC-FDE系统的带宽效率和功率效率。与单纯的时频域混合判决反馈均衡器(H-DFE)相比,IC-FDE-DFE能够充分利用信道的‘稀疏’特性,其中的均衡器具有较低的运算复杂度和设计复杂度。仿真结果表明,IC-FDE-DFE能够在迭代过程中逐渐抵消大时延多径的影响,逼近H-DFE的理想性能。     

基于信道缩短的超宽带信道盲估计方法

在基于一阶统计量解圆周卷积的超宽带信道盲估计方法中,存在着要求信道长度必须小于符号周期长度的局限性.使用信道缩短技术,对实际信道的长度进行缩短,估计出缩短信道后再恢复成实际的超宽带信道,有效地解决了这个问题.仿真实验表明,在信道长度大于符号周期长度时,仍然能很好地估计出信道.     

托普利兹矩阵在压缩多径信道估计中的应用

可靠的无线通信需要准确地知道下层信道的信息,因此需要进行信道估计。而许多真实信道表现为仅有一些相对较少的非零信道系数的稀疏多径信道。对于稀疏多径信道的估计,传统方法例如最小二乘法,没有利用稀疏信道本身的低维度特性,所需训练序列的长度较长,因此估计代价较大。基于压缩感知的信道估计方法,利用稀疏先验信息,能较大地缩短所需训练序列的长度,获得较好的估计效果。该文结合压缩感知观测矩阵的特点,证明了当训练序列的长度不长于信道冲激响应的长度,且托普利兹观测矩阵的行数小于列数时,观测矩阵仍然满足有限等距性质;明确提出了稀疏多径信道估计中所使用的观测矩阵的构造条件。实验结果验证了这种优化了的托普利兹观测矩阵的可行性和实用性。      

基于FB-CFAR的多径信道阶检测算法

多径信道阶的检测是无线通信参数化信道估计的首要步骤,对系统性能有着重要的影响.然而,目前使用的检测方法大多是基于Akaike信息理论准则(AIC)或最小描述长度准则(MDL)提出的.这些准则在高信噪比条件下性能较好,但在低信噪比时检测性能不好.本文提出了一种基于前后平滑恒虚警率准则(FB-CFAR)的算法来提高信道阶的检测性能.OFDM系统中的仿真结果表明该算法能有效提高低信噪比时多径信道阶的正确检测概率.     

一种基于信道缩短的深衰落稀疏均衡改进算法

针对较低信噪比下的深衰落稀疏多径信道,提出了一种基于信道缩短的自适应稀疏均衡改进算法。该算法采用前置分数间隔信道缩短均衡器与后置自适应稀疏均衡器级联的均衡器结构,其中,首先利用短训练序列设计基于最小均方误差准则的前置均衡器,前置均衡器与稀疏多径信道级联后得到能量集中于较短时间区域且分布稀疏的等效信道,使得原始信道的深衰落畸变得到部分有效补偿;然后采用能实现稀疏信号重构的随机梯度追踪算法调整后置自适应均衡器的抽头系数,后置均衡器用于消除等效信道的剩余符号间干扰。仿真结果表明,与传统的单级分数间隔自适应均衡器相比,该算法具有收敛速度快和运算复杂度低的优点。     

一种改进的基于DFT的OFDM信道估计算法

传统的DFT信道估计算法计算复杂度比MMSE算法低,性能比LS算法好。但是它只消除了信道冲击响应中循环前缀长度之外的噪声,而循环前缀长度以内的噪声并没有进行任何抑制,从而影响了算法的性能,说明性能存在提高的空间。对传统的DFT信道估计算法略加改进,仅仅在循环前缀长度内引入阈值门限,通过阈值门限进行阈值处理,就可以进一步消除噪声的影响。仿真表明：改进后的算法性能明显优于原算法,具有很好的实用价值。     

Semi-Blind Time-Domain Equalization for MIMO-OFDM Systems

In this paper, a semi-blind time-domain equalization technique is proposed for general multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. The received OFDM symbols are shifted by more than or equal to the cyclic prefix (CP) length, and a blind equalizer is designed to completely suppress both intercarrier interference (ICI) and intersymbol interference (ISI) using second-order statistics of the shifted received OFDM symbols. Only a one-tap equalizer is needed to detect the time-domain signals from the blind equalizer output, and one pilot OFDM symbol is utilized to estimate the required channel state information for the design of the one-tap equalizer. The technique is applicable irrespective of whether the CP length is longer than, equal to, or shorter than the channel length. Computer simulations show that the proposed technique outperforms the existing techniques, and it is robust against the number of shifts in excess of the CP length.     

Joint Blind Adaptive Carrier Frequency Offset Estimation and Channel Shortening

Multicarrier modulation has the advantage of robustness to multipath, so long as the delay spread of the multipath is less than the guard interval between successive transmitted blocks. However, it has the disadvantage of sensitivity to a carrier frequency offset (CFO), which disrupts the orthogonality of the subcarriers. If a CFO is present, it must be estimated and then corrected. In addition, if the channel delay spread exceeds the guard interval, this must be accounted for as well, usually by a channel shortening equalizer. Hitherto, CFO estimation and channel shortening have been addressed individually. However, this leads to a circular set of assumptions, since standard CFO estimators perform poorly when the channel is longer than the guard interval, and standard channel shorteners assume that CFO estimation has already been perfectly performed. In this paper, we investigate a blind, adaptive method for jointly performing CFO estimation and channel shortening.     

DSL系统时域均衡训练中一种新的时延优化算法

在数字用户线(DSL)系统中,每个符号在进行传输时要加入循环前缀(CP)以消除符号间干扰。理论上,CP的长度等于信道冲激响应的记忆长度,较长的CP大大降低了DSL系统的数据传输效率。为了避免使用较长CP,通常在接收端采用时域均衡缩短信道冲激响应长度。但是,信道冲激响应最优缩短算法的复杂度很高,为此,提出了一种实用的时延优化算法,该算法将信道的冲激响应与矩形序列进行卷积,用得到的序列进行时延估计,使得算法的复杂度大幅下降,满足了系统的实时性要求,并且缩短信噪比的损失很小。     

Perfect Blind-Channel Shortening for Multicarrier Systems

In multicarrier systems, when the order of a channel impulse response is larger than the length of the cyclic prefix (CP), there is a significant performance degradation due to interblock interference (IBI). This paper proposes a blind-channel shortening method in which the equalizer parameter vector is formed by the noise subspace of the received signal correlation matrix so that the output power is maximized. The proposed method can not only shorten the effective channel impulse response to within the CP length but also maximize the output signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio while eliminating the IBI. We point out that the performance depends on the choice of a decision delay and propose a simple method for determining the appropriate delay. We propose both a batch algorithm and an adaptive algorithm and show by simulation that they are superior to the conventional algorithms.     

用于克服MIMO信道时变性的去相关自举均衡器

本文提出了一种用于克服MIMO信道时变性的自举均衡器.本文首先提出了用于MIMO通信系统的去相关均衡算法,该算法利用通信信源的统计特性实现不同源信号之间的去相关,从而克服了MIMO系统的同信道干扰.接着本文将去相关均衡算法用于时变的MIMO系统,提出了用于克服MIMO信道时变性的自举均衡器.该均衡器仅利用其输入信号来对时变的MIMO系统进行均衡,在仅增加很小的运算量的条件下,大大克服了因信道时变而在常规均衡器输出端产生的同信道干扰,提高了系统的误码性能.仿真实验证实,本文提出的去相关MIMO自举均衡器克服了信道时变的影响,明显改善了接收机的误码性能.     

非最小相位雷达通道均衡算法研究

在对雷达通道均衡的实验研究中发现,常用的基于傅里叶变换的算法往往效果不佳。原因是该算法获得的均衡器无法实现非最小相位。提出了一种雷达通道均衡算法,该算法通过对需要均衡的通道输出进行延迟,实现了可以获得非最小相位特性的基于傅里叶变换的均衡算法。通过仿真和实验,对该算法的性能进行了验证。结果表明,与原算法相比,新算法可以获得更好的幅度和相位一致性。     

Blind, Adaptive Channel Shortening Equalizer Algorithm Which Can Provide Shortened Channel State Information (BACS-SI)

Channel shortening equalization plays an important role in multicarrier modulation (MCM) systems. In this paper, we propose a blind channel shortening equalizer structure named blind, adaptive channel shortening equalizer which can provide the shortened channel state information (BACS-SI). The algorithm depends on the minimization of a cost function defined as the sum-squared difference of the autocorrelations of the shortened channel impulse response (CIR) and a target impulse response. The surface is proven to be multimodal; however, minima are shown to be related to each other in a certain way. A two-phase approach is proposed. In the first phase, the cost function is minimized by a stochastic gradient descent algorithm in order to find an arbitrary minimum. In the second phase using the relation between minima, genetic algorithms are employed to find the best minimum according to a fitness function. The algorithm can both successfully shorten the channel and also explicitly provides shortened CIR which is a necessary information for the proper operation of a MCM receiver, in contrast to many other algorithms proposed in the literature which cannot directly provide this information.