别墅建筑的几种空调设计方案

介绍了可用于别墅建筑的风冷式盛大热泵空调机组系统，风冷热泵冷水机组系统、等方案，指出应根据不同的能源和气候条件，     

VRV空调系统在历史风貌建筑中的应用

文章针对历史风貌建筑的特点和庆王府的现状，比较分析分体空调、风冷冷水机组、风冷成套空调机组和VRV空调的优缺点。指出了VRV空调在施工过程中应该’主意的一些问题。     

风冷冷水机组和水冷冷水机组的选择

本文从六个方面对风冷和水冷冷水机组的选用进行了比较，列举了风冷机组布置实例，并提出了冷水机组选择建议。     

住宅小区配套公建的集中空调设计

介绍了住宅小区配套公建的集中空调系统可采用的三种冷源方式，着重分析了采用风冷冷水机组供冷时应注意的两个问题：机组功率受供电电流的影响；机组的振动和噪声。     

家用空调系统形式

简要介绍家用空调实现小型中央化的方法。提出家用VRV空调、风冷冷风机组、水源热泵和小型水冷冷水机组在家庭空调中的应用，提供不同家庭选用不同型式的空调方案。     

太原某数据机房空调系统设计与节能分析

介绍了太原某数据机房空调系统设计,分析了相关的节能方法与手段。对使用常规冷水机组和带自然冷源的风冷冷水机组两种情况进行了能耗对比分析,得出节能率指标和节电费,为北方地区数据机房空调系统的节能设计提供了参考和依据。     

(火用)经济分析在空调冷热源选择的应用

结合工程实例,对6种冷、热源方案进行了火用经济分析。6种方案为:采用离心式冷水机组供冷,燃油锅炉供热;采用直燃式溴化锂吸收式冷热水机组;采用风冷螺杆式冷水机组供冷,燃油锅炉供热;采用蒸汽双效溴化锂吸收式冷水机组供冷,燃油锅炉供热;采用水源热泵;采用螺杆式水-水热泵。方案4最优。     

超高层建筑风冷冷水机组群气流组织数值模拟与优化

为解决超高层建筑风冷冷水机组群排风返混问题,根据实际工程案例,利用CFD软件,数值模拟了超高层建筑风冷冷水机组机房内气流组织,获得机房内的气流组织分布,发现设计方案下机房内气流组织分布紊乱,风冷冷水机组排风出现返混现象。为优化机房内气流组织,提出"有组织排风"即利用排风筒和排风箱将高温排风导出室外的优化方案并进行数值模拟。结果表明:优化方案下风冷冷水机组群机房内气流组织分布大为改善,在排风筒及排风箱的引导下风冷冷水机组群的排风顺利排至室外,避免了机房内的排风返混现象,从而确保风冷冷水机组群高效稳定地运行。     

风冷热泵冷水机组用于高层建筑的空调设计

介绍了深圳一高层建筑的空调设计概况以及风冷热泵冷水机组机房的设计安装。分析了工程安装调试中出现的机房温度过高的原因,提出并通过评估确定了最佳的解决方案。     

志高商用空调产品、技术优势

志高商用空调经过七年的发展过程，已具备了由50名博士导师、300余名专业科技人员组成的强大的技术力量班子，超亿元巨额投资的生产基础设施，1万多m^2的大型现代化商用空调生产基地，年产能力高达60万台套。至今，在商用空调领域已形成直冷式与冷水式两大商用空调板块，直冷式板块有天花嵌入式、风机盘管式、风管式、座吊式、风冷柜式、水源热泵式、水冷柜式、CMD智能控制多联式、CMV智能变频多联式等系列，冷水式板块有户式风冷冷（热）水机组，模块式风冷冷（热）水机组、螺杆式水冷冷水机组、冷水末端（风机盘管机组、天花嵌入式、柜式空调机组、组合式空调机组）等系列，共十多个系列100多个品种。     

Water Resources Development: A Balanced Approach

Customers, the public generally, the water industry, its regulators and the government are aware that water can be a scarce and costly product. Resource planning and development must increasingly be viewed as a combined package of water efficiency in (a) use, (b) metering and tariff policy, (c) leakage reduction, and (d) physical schemes.
Droughts, fears over possible climate change, concerns about resources and the environment, a greater awareness of the role and costs of the water industry and statements by the Department of the Environment, the Office of Water Services, and the National Rivers Authority have added weight to this sensible shift in emphasis.
However, society needs reliable water supplies and cannot completely rely upon the uncertain impact that demand side-measures may bring about – nor, even where achieved and cost-effective, on the important savings in losses. New resource schemes can take many years to implement. Therefore, in order to ensure adequate and reliable supplies, plans for new schemes must be brought to a state of readiness, and, in many cases, implemented.     

Environmental affordances and children’s needs: Insights from child-friendly community streets in China

With rapid urbanization in China, an increasing building density has squeezed the urban public space. Community streets are occupied by motor vehicles or other functions, and can no longer sufficiently support children to carry out safe and independent activities. As an important space for children’s daily natural contact and social activities, the lack of the spatial function of streets results in a decline in children’s subjective initiative and social abilities. The United Nations has stressed the importance of community as the basic unit of space for children’s daily activities in building child friendly cities. It is urgent to reshape child-friendly community streets and support children’s healthy growth. Integrating previous research results on affordance theory and design, children’s growth and environment, and street-game spaces, this study focuses on investigating 23 community streets in four residential communities in Nanjing through questionnaires, interviews, observations, and other methods. Then, from the perspective of cognitive affordance, functional affordance, and social affordance, it analyzes the behavioral possibilities provided by the environment and the needs of the children-user group. Finally, from the perspectives of openness and security, preference and diversity, positive and negative, and reality and potential, it proposes a method to assess the existing environment. This study aims to extract the significant characteristics of the built environment that effectively support and promote children’s outdoors activities, and explore the design strategy of improving street space sharing through optimizing space elements and structure at the medium and micro levels, so as to respond to multiple goals including livable city development from the perspective of child friendliness. This study also tries to change the logical way of design thinking and provide an eco-psychological perspective on how to build a child-friendly community.     

Research on construction slip monitoring method of spatial steel structure with triangular cone shape spanning 120 meters

大跨度钢结构的滑移是一个动态过程，滑移推力、环境荷载、轨道承载力、轨道平顺性等因素对结构准确就位均有影响。为此，提出了一种能够监测滑移施工过程结构安全、稳定及滑移同步性的方法，该方法通过模拟分析施工滑移过程，准确预判滑移中结构出现损伤的位置和程度，提前采取措施；通过实时在线监测结构滑移施工过程中多项参数的变化，避免滑移过程中结构的应力集中、局部变形过大、脱轨、失稳及倾覆。以大同美术馆钢结构屋盖滑移施工监测为例，在滑移前对滑移施工过程进行模拟分析和监测系统安装，对滑移阶段结构关键构件的应变、位移、构件变形及环境温度进行实时监测、分析与反馈。结果表明：大跨度钢结构滑移受温度、轨道平顺性、轨道处结构变形值、顶推设备误差影响；采用有限元模拟分析、现场监测、实时分析与反馈的监测方法,可有效控制滑移过程中结构的内力、变形、各轨道滑移的同步性及结构的整体稳定性。     

Molecular detection of pathogens in water - The pros and cons of molecular techniques

Pollution of water by sewage and run-off from farms produces a serious public health problem in many countries. Viruses, along with bacteria and protozoa in the intestine or in urine are shed and transported through the sewer system. Even in highly industrialized countries, pathogens, including viruses, are prevalent throughout the environment. Molecular methods are used to monitor viral, bacterial, and protozoan pathogens, and to track pathogen- and source-specific markers in the environment. Molecular techniques, specifically polymerase chain reaction-based methods, provide sensitive, rapid, and quantitative analytical tools with which to study such pathogens, including new or emerging strains. These techniques are used to evaluate the microbiological quality of food and water, and to assess the efficiency of virus removal in drinking and wastewater treatment plants. The range of methods available for the application of molecular techniques has increased, and the costs involved have fallen. These developments have allowed the potential standardization and automation of certain techniques. In some cases they facilitate the identification, genotyping, enumeration, viability assessment, and source-tracking of human and animal contamination. Additionally, recent improvements in detection technologies have allowed the simultaneous detection of multiple targets in a single assay. However, the molecular techniques available today and those under development require further refinement in order to be standardized and applicable to a diversity of matrices. Water disinfection treatments may have an effect on the viability of pathogens and the numbers obtained by molecular techniques may overestimate the quantification of infectious microorganisms. The pros and cons of molecular techniques for the detection and quantification of pathogens in water are discussed.     

成兰铁路某地质灾害点崩塌及边坡特征分析

为了查明成兰铁路沿线茂县曲谷沟小学后山崩塌地质灾害的类型、结构形态、规模、变形特征及成因机制,对该崩塌地质灾害开展了工程地质应急勘查工作,采用地面测绘、探井、原位测试等多种勘查手段,查明该崩塌、教学楼的不稳定斜坡(陡坎)成因、类型、规模、范围、稳定状态及危害性,并分析其变形机制,表明:崩塌危岩体规模级别属中型,危害对象等级为一级,勘查地质条件类型为复杂,该灾害体治理工程等级为Ⅰ级。得到的结果可为进一步的评估防治工程提供参考。     

基于DEMATEL-ISM方法的后疫情时代工程项目组织韧性影响因素研究

随着疫情的常态化发展,如何促进后疫情时代工程项目组织韧性的培育,提高工程项目组织应对风险的能力成为重要课题。基于此,对影响工程项目组织韧性的因素进行系统分析,通过文献研究法和专家咨询法识别出20个组织韧性的影响因素,运用DEMATEL-ISM方法,构建了DEMATEL散点图及ISM层级拓扑图,从而系统、清晰地呈现出工程项目组织韧性影响因素之间的可视化关系,进而对因素的重要程度及因果关系进行深入剖析。分析结果表明:“社会资本、组织学习、组织承诺”为组织韧性的根本因素,“组织领导、组织敏捷性、人力资本、积极情绪、战略共识”五方面因素指标具有较高的影响度及中心度,“组织协调”的被影响度最高。基于研究结果,提出了优化提升工程项目组织韧性的对策建议。     

基于聚类分析的徽州传统民居庭院空间形态与要素研究

研究针对徽州传统民居的庭院空间展开空间组织模式分析,对63处传统民居庭院进行调研,提取了面积、面积比、长宽比、饱和度和边界系数五个量化指标对庭院空间进行描述,并运用聚类分析的方法对庭院空间进行分类。总结出中小规模方整型、中小规模条型、中小规模不规则型和大规模复杂型四种庭院类型,在此基础上对庭院位置与其中要素的分布规律进行归纳。研究得出：四类庭院在位置分布与要素布置上均有所不同,中小规模方整型庭院作为空间过渡与补充,以前院和后院居多,多布置绿化、漏窗等要素;中小规模条型庭院以前院为主,组织规模较大的宅居组团的入口交通,要素上多以构筑物、拱门、字匾和二次轮廓要素结合布置;中小规模不规则型庭院往往作为宅居空间中的亮点,多位于前院和侧院,以绿化、水面、漏窗要素居多;大规模复杂型庭院多为生活化的后院,绿化、水面、石凳等要素较多。     

露天矿山高陡岩质边坡生态修复技术的应用现状与发展趋势

矿产尤其是石材矿产的开发必然会对原矿区的环境造成破坏，容易形成矿山高陡岩边坡，即白茬山。白茬山由于坡度高、坡面长以及坡面温差大等原因，易形成恶劣的生存环境，很难实现有效的植被附着，长期复绿效果充满挑战。对此类生态环境中的常见复绿技术的研究现状进行了介绍，分析了不同技术的优缺点及使用机制。进一步根据白茬山的地质、地形和地表等特征，进行生态修复技术的优化与改进，展望修复技术的发展趋势，助力生态系统的恢复与发展。     

景观延续与重塑的人文之道——记安亭中学绿化环境改造更新

校园作为城市公共设施体系中的重要组成部分,对人们的社会生活和精神文明起着重要的影响、教育、服务作用。结合安亭中学的景观改造工程实例,从校园的区位环境因素、历史文化积淀、园内景观现状等方面,分析了改造的必要性,改造工作的原则及人文理念的改造方法,重点阐释了对原有历史和景观的发现、挖掘、保护、改造和再利用。通过简洁、现代的手法,把新景观融入校园的建筑环境、历史环境和人文环境之中,重建具有视觉、生态和文化三重效益的校园景观,把校园环境变成凝固的诗、流动的画、无言的歌,从而达到"润物细无声"的效果。     

普陀山普门万佛宝塔空间复杂曲面瓦片铺设关键施工技术

位置高、坡度大、空间复杂的瓦片铺设面往往给瓦片测量、放样、下料带来困难.普陀山普门万佛宝塔项目的瓦片铺设过程采用无协作目标电子全站仪空间定位、放样,计算机软件AutoCAD、Sketchup辅助瓦片放样、下料、预排等关键技术,节约了材料成本,提高了施工效率,缩短了工期,达到了良好的铺贴效果.基于该工程实例,对上述关键技术的特点、原理、操作要点及其带来的经济效益与社会效益进行了分析讨论.