合成纤维在水中的分散手段与表征方法

湿法成网是非织造布成网工序之一,它源自造纸工业。早期的湿法成网与造纸工序一样,以植物纤维和纤维素纤维为主要原料,随着产品要求的不断提升,以合成纤维为原料经湿法成网也开始进入研究。由于合成纤维大多疏水性较强,如何在水中分散成为关键难题之一。介绍现阶段常见合成纤维在水中分散的处理方式,以及对纤维分散程度的表征手段。     

玉米秸秆皮纤维湿法非织造布工艺设计和表征

为得到特性优异且具有应用价值的玉米秸秆皮纤维素纤维湿法非织造布,采用湿法成网非织造布工艺制备玉米秸秆皮纤维素纤维网,以丙基三甲氧基硅烷为分散剂,聚乙烯醇为黏合剂,分别使纤维均匀分散和纤网黏合。运用正交试验,得出工艺所使用的试剂对玉米秸秆皮纤维素纤维湿法非织造布的透湿率等相关特性的影响,得到试剂质量分数最佳工艺,利用最佳工艺制备出样品进行特性测试分析。利用此工艺制备出的玉米秸秆皮纤维素纤维湿法非织造布的特性指标与国家标准规定的非织造布应用性能相比较,各项性能指标都大于等于国标,产品应用领域广泛。     

蚕丝湿法非织造布的制备及其性能的影响因素分析

将脱胶后的丝素纤维与分散剂聚氧化乙烯混合配制成浆料,在搅拌机的作用下使丝素分散均匀,再经过湿法成网、轧压等工序制备得到蚕丝湿法非织造布。设计正交试验分析分散剂质量分数、浆料质量分数、打浆时间对非织造布的形貌、厚度、面密度、力学性能、透气性、透湿性的影响。结果表明:分散剂质量分数对非织造布性能影响最显著,且当分散剂质量分数为0.10%时,非织造布的力学性能最好;分散剂质量分数为0.05%时,非织造布的透气性和透湿性最好。     

非织造布纺丝

<正> 近年来,非织造布的产量显著增长,目前世界年产量超过120万吨,日本1989年非织造布产量约达16万吨。非织造布具有广泛的用途,其应用范围从农业、土木工程、建筑、机动车辆和工业材料到医疗、卫生和生活有关产品。非织造布有多种制造工艺,其中包括短纤维干法成网、短纤维湿法成网、纺粘法、熔喷法、闪蒸纺丝和射流喷网非织造布工艺。利用这些工艺方法     

木屑/粘胶纤维湿法非织造地膜的研制

为改善土壤环境,减少塑料地膜造成的白色污染,采用湿法成网制备以造纸木屑和粘胶短纤维为原料的农用非织造地膜。对非织造地膜的外观形貌和表面结构进行表征,并对其力学性能、渗水性、降解性、透光性进行测试。结果表明：通过调节面密度、纤维混纺比及黏合剂浓度可制得性能良好的非织造地膜;结合40d土埋试验后,非织造地膜的降解率达到70％以上。通过湿法成网制得的地膜具备优良通透性,可有效改善作物生长环境。     

烟用废弃滤棒中二醋酸纤维的回收与再利用初探

以烟用废弃滤棒中二醋酸纤维为原料,以醇碱溶液作为三乙酸甘油酯的脱除剂,回收得到脱酯二醋酸纤维;再掺配木浆纤维,利用湿法成网工艺制备非织造材料;测试并分析非织造材料的孔径分布及拉伸性能。结果表明:回收得到的脱酯二醋酸纤维满足湿法成网工艺要求;制备的纯脱酯二醋酸纤维湿法非织造材料的孔径分布呈单峰状,平均孔径为18.104μm,孔隙率为72.272%,断裂强力为6.8 N,断裂伸长率为8.481%;木浆纤维的掺入可改善纯脱酯二醋酸纤维湿法非织造材料的孔隙结构,且当木浆纤维/脱酯二醋酸纤维的质量配比为40/60时,非织造材料的平均孔径最小,孔隙率最大,断裂强力为8.0 N,断裂伸长率为3.860%,更适合用作烟用滤棒的材料。     

纺丝成网水刺固结复合非织造材料性能研究

介绍了模拟纺丝成网水刺固结非织造材料的实际工艺得到复合非织造材料后,通过对其风格、强力等进行测试和分析,说明了纺丝成网水刺固结复合材料具有优良的性能.     

第三讲 纤维原料与纤网准备(下)

成网工艺和设备 纤维网是非织造织物的“骨骼”,纤维网中纤维的排列是直接影响非织造织物产品性能的主要因素之一。非织造织物的成网基本方法有四种:机械成网,气流成网,纺丝成网(布),水流成网。其中以气流成网和机械成网较为普遍,估计1980年采用这两种方法制成的非织造织物占其总产量的89％;但近两年,随着合成纤维发展及其新产品的开     

湿法非织造布用作过滤材料的探讨

本文叙述了湿法成网非织造布生产特点和湿法成网过滤材料的生产实践，探讨了纤维性能对过滤材料的影响因素和解决方法，对湿法与干法非织造布滤材的性能进行了比较，并指出了目前湿法滤材生产中存在的问题，提出了相关的建议。     

气流成网针刺非织造布的生产技术

我厂从奥地利FEHRER公司引进的气流成网针刺非织造布生产线,主要用来生产地毯和土工布。这套生产线对纤维有广泛的适应性,可加工合成纤维、天然纤维以及混合原料。一、气流成网针刺非织造布生产线的技术特点该非织造布生产线的工艺路线为: 原料→称重→开包→A002型抓棉机(国产)→四刺辊开棉机(国产)→储     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press