高能脉冲冷焊Fe基合金改性层的组织及性能

为了进一步提高核泵用钢的耐磨性能及抗空蚀性能,采用高能脉冲冷焊技术在304不锈钢表面制备了Fe基合金改性层.利用扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪分别对改性层的显微组织和相结构进行了分析,利用显微硬度计、摩擦磨损试验机及超声波振荡空蚀仪分别对改性层的显微硬度、耐磨性与抗空蚀性能进行了研究.结果表明,改性层组织细密,且主要由基体相α-Fe和硬质碳化物相Cr_(23)C_6和Cr_7C_3组成,改性层的最高显微硬度可达510 HV,相对耐磨性为3.88.空蚀5 h后,改性层的失重量和表面粗糙度分别约为304不锈钢基材的1/5和1/6.     

CrMnB堆焊合金的空蚀行为

利用超声振荡空蚀实验设备研究了CrMnB堆焊合金的空蚀行为，实验结果表明：CrMnB堆焊合金抗空蚀性能显著高于0Cr13Ni5No马氏体不锈钢，堆焊合金中亚稳奥氏体在冲击力的作用下，诱发马氏体相变，提高堆焊合金表面的硬度和强度并吸收引起空蚀损伤的冲击能，是CrMnB堆焊合金具有很高抗空蚀性能的主要原因。     

Surface Metallurgy of Nickle Base Superalloy

The Double Glow Plasma Surface Alloying Technique, the Xu-Tee Process, is a new method to produce high quality alloying layer on the surface of less expensive materials. By using thes technique, the surface alloying layer similar to superalloy Inconel 625 has been obtained on the surface of three kinds of melallic materials (low carbon steel, industrial pure iron, stainless steel Cr18Ni9). The results of the composition and microstructure analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-Ray Uffrachon (XRD) show that the alloying layer consistS of y matrix and several precipitates (Laves intermetallic phase and carbide etc.). The electrochemical corrosion results show that the surface alloying layer formed on the surface of stainless steel and industrial pure iron have better corrosion resistance than that of nickel base alloy inconel 625 and stainless steel Cr18Ni9 in 3.5%NaCl solution. The exper iments indicate that it is an effective way to obtain the gradient surface alloying layer on the surfaces of steels by using Double Glow Plasma Surface Alloying Technique.     

碳钢激光表面钨和硅合金化的组织

使用1.5kW连续波CO_2激光器住45~#钢基体上进行钨和硅的表面合金化。研究了激光表面合金化工艺参数对激光表面合金化层的平整度、硬度及显微组织的影响。用实验优化了激光表面合金化参数,对具有3个不同区的合金化层结构和热影响区的组织进行了分析讨论。     

奥氏体不锈钢表面等离子渗锆合金层的抗酸腐蚀性研究

为提高0Cr18Ni9Ti奥氏体不锈钢在特殊应用环境的耐酸腐蚀性能,采用双辉等离子渗金属技术在不锈钢基体表面渗锆,对渗锆合金层的相结构进行检测分析,将奥氏体不锈钢基体试样和表面渗锆试样分别在0.5 mol/LH2SO4溶液、0.5mol/L HNO3溶液、0.5 mol/L HCl溶液进行电化学腐蚀对比试验。结果表明:在H2SO4溶液、HNO3溶液、HCl溶液中,不锈钢基材的相对腐蚀速度分别是渗锆合金层的2.18倍、9.73倍、24.43倍;不锈钢基体表面腐蚀较为严重,而渗锆合金层表面仅出现轻微的局部腐蚀坑。奥氏体不锈钢表面渗锆后,渗锆合金层中合金元素呈梯度分布,且腐蚀时在表面形成了一层致密的氧化锆钝化膜,因而其抗酸腐蚀性能相对基体大幅提升,在HCl溶液比在H2SO4溶液和HNO3溶液中耐蚀效果更明显。     

球墨铸铁轧辊的光纤激光合金化性能

为了提高球墨铸铁轧辊的使用性能,采用光纤激光合金化系统对轧辊表面的预置合金层进行激光扫描,在球墨铸铁轧辊表面形成了冶金结合的合金化层.在最佳工艺参数条件下,分析了合金化层的耐磨性能、维氏硬度、冷热疲劳性能和显微组织.结果表明,合金化后的球墨铸铁轧辊的耐磨性能约为基体的3倍,维氏硬度也得到了明显提高,冷热疲劳性能基本相同.合金化层由亚共晶组织构成,亚共晶组织初晶相由马氏体(M)、未分解WC硬质相及共晶组织构成,共晶组织由马氏体(M)与复杂碳化物(WC、Co6W6C和Fe3C)构成.合金化层深度约为0.4 mm且组织细小.     

Cooperative effect of surface alloying and laser texturing on tribological performance of lubricated surfaces

The cooperative effect of laser surface texturing (LST) and double glow plasma surface alloying on tribological performance of lubricated sliding contacts was investigated. A Nd:YAG laser was used to generate microdimples on steel surfaces. Dimples with the diameter of 150 μm and the depth of 30–35 μm distributed circumferentially on the disc surface. The alloying element Cr was sputtered to the laser texturing steel surface by double glow plasma technique. A deep diffusion layer with a thickness of 30 μm and a high hardness of HV900 was formed in this alloy. Tribological experiments of three types of samples (smooth, texturing and texturing + alloying) were conducted with a ring-on-disc tribometer to simulate the face seal. It is found that, in comparison with smooth steel surfaces, the laser texturing samples significantly reduce the friction coefficient. Moreover, the lower wear rate of the sample treated with the two surface techniques is observed.     

ZL108的激光表面合金化

介绍了采用Ni和WC粉柬进行ZL108激光表面合金化的工艺过程。在激光作用下，合金层中形成包含Al3Ni、AlNi3等金属间化合物强化相。试验表明合金层的显微硬度得到明显提高，可迭基体材料的8倍，其耐磨性也得到很大提高。     

Plasma Surface Cu Alloyed Layer as a Lubricant on Stainless Steel Sheet:Wear Characteristics and On-job Performance in Incremental Forming

To solve the problems of poor forming and easy adhesion of the stainless steel,Cu alloyed layer on the stainless steels was prepared by the double glow plasma surface alloying technique.The experimentalresults indicated that the supersaturated copper dispersedly precipitated in grain interior and crystalboundaries and formed the vermicular structure.The tribologicaltests indicated that the friction coefficient of the Cu alloyed layer was lower than that of the stainless steels.The wear rate of stainless steelin the presence of Cu alloyed layer was approximately 2-fold lower than that in the absence of the alloyed layer.The results of the incrementalforming indicated that the ploughing phenomenon was not observed on the stainless steelin the presence of Cu alloyed layer during the incrementalforming,while the stainless steelpresented the deep ploughing.Therefore,Cu alloyed layer on stainless steelexhibited excellent self-lubrication and forming properties.     

低碳钢表面激光涂覆WC+Co的工艺研究

本文研究了利用激光作为热源在低碳钢表面涂覆WC+Co的工艺。利用光镜、扫描电镜、能谱成分分析及显微硬度等手段对涂层合金的组织和性能进行了分析。认为在低碳钢表面涂覆硬质合金的涂层组织性能取决于激光涂覆工艺与预涂层的质量。在较低的激光输出功率和较慢的扫描速率下,可以得到WC颗粒弥散分布于γ为基的固溶体上的组织,其硬度可达1400HV.较高的功率条件下,涂层组织是WC全部熔解重新生成的η+γ共晶组织,硬度降至1000HV.较快的扫描下涂覆层合金不易涂覆在基体上。     

激光熔敷工艺对镍基合金的耐蚀性影响的研究

我国火电厂千瓦汽轮机末级叶片在特定工况下其进气边常常遭到腐蚀．我们对其进行了激光直接重熔和激光熔敷镍基合金处理,经形貌观察,物相分析及阳极极化曲线测定,结果表明,激光处理后其耐蚀性均比处理前提高．其中熔敷镍基Ｇ１１２合金的耐蚀性提高最大．若激光处理参数匹配恰当,三者比较,涂敷的镍基ＷＣ合金更易印化、耐蚀性最好．     

氟塑钢复合管冲蚀磨损性能的试验研究

通过实验研究适用于电厂余热深度回收的新型氟塑钢复合管的冲蚀磨损性能,主要考察在刚玉砂和煤灰两种颗粒冲蚀下,气流速度、温度与颗粒质量浓度等对复合管中低速气流冲蚀磨损的影响.通过扫描电子显微镜对冲蚀磨损后的表面微观形貌进行观察,初步探讨冲蚀磨损机制.结果表明,在中低速度下,复合管的冲蚀磨损速率随气流速度的变化呈幂函数关系;在两种不同颗粒的冲蚀下,复合管的冲蚀磨损速率随颗粒质量浓度的变化均近似呈线性关系;复合管的冲蚀磨损速率随气流温度的升高而降低,但变化幅度不大;微观形貌分析显示,复合管表面受到颗粒反复垂直冲击时主要发生塑性变形,局部出现显微裂纹,在受到颗粒的反复斜向冲击时主要发生切削和犁耕.     

316L不锈钢激光熔覆层的组织及硬度分析

在304不锈钢表面预置316L不锈钢粉末,采用CO2激光器熔覆制备316L粉末涂层.观察了激光熔覆表面形貌的成形质量,研究了不同工艺参数对熔覆层微观组织、显微硬度和材料成分的影响.结果表明:熔覆涂层无明显裂纹、气孔等缺陷,与基材结合良好;熔覆层是由细小等轴晶和柱状晶组成,且当激光功率为1.5 kW时,奥氏体晶粒更加均匀、细小;激光功率对熔覆层的显微硬度影响不大,激光熔覆前后,组织成分(质量分数,全文同)没有明显变化,316L不锈钢熔覆粉末适用于304不锈钢基材的修复.     

Tribological properties of dimpled surface alloying layer on carbon steel

The effect of surface structure and coating on tribological properties of 45^# carbon steel disc was analyzed. A Nd:YAG laser was used to generate microdimples on steel surfaces. Dimples with diameter of 150 m and depth of 50 m were distributed in an orbicular array on disc surface. Then the alloying element Mo was sputtered to 45^# carbon steel disc surface by means of double glow plasma technology. Diffusion Mo alloying layer with 30 min thickness and high hardness up to 0.025 was formed on the disc surface. Tribological experiments of three types samples (smooth, texturing and texturing+alloying) were conducted with a pin-on-disc tribometer. It is found that the dimpled-samples are most effective for reducing friction in comparison with smooth steel surfaces, improving the lubricating state from boundary to hydrodynamic region. Funded by the High Technology Research Project of Jiangsu Province (No. BG2007046), and the Productive Translation Item of College Scientific Research of Jiangsu Province Educational Office( No. JHB06-04)     

等离子堆焊原位合成WC增强Ni基合金改性层

为了进一步提高Ni基合金的耐磨性能,采用等离子堆焊技术在304L奥氏体不锈钢表面原位合成WC增强Ni基合金改性层.利用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和能谱仪、X射线衍射仪、显微硬度计及销-盘磨损试验机等设备对改性层的显微组织、成分、显微硬度及摩擦磨损性能进行研究.结果表明:当Ni基合金改性层中直接加入WC颗粒时,WC颗粒出现"沉底"现象,改性层组织不均匀,而通过原位反应合成的WC相呈块状弥散分布于整个改性层,加入适量的氧化钇后,改性层组织变得细小致密,WC增强相的形态、尺寸和分布等均发生了变化,改性层硬度显著提高,耐磨性提高了2倍以上.     

Preparation and characterization of plasma Cu surface modified stainless steel

Cu modified layer was prepared on the surface of AISI304 stainless steel by plasma surface alloying technique.The effects of processing parameters on the thickness,surface topography,microstructure and chemical composition of Cu modified layer were characterized using glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy(GDOES),scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The experimental results show that the surface modified layer is a duplex layer(deposited + diffused layer)with thickness of about 26 μm under the optimum process parameters.The modified layer is mainly composed of a mixture of Cu and expanded austenite phase.The ball-on-disk results show that the modified layer possesses low friction coefficients(0.25)and excellent wear resistance(wear volume 0.005×109 μm3).The Cu modified layer is very effective in killing the bacteria S.aureus.Meanwhile,no viable S.aureus is found after 3 h(100% killed)by contact with the Cu alloyed surface.     

奥氏体不锈钢的低温离子软氮化处理

利用低压等离子体辉光放电技术对AISI 31 6奥氏体不锈钢进行低温离子软氮化硬化处理。处理后的奥氏体不锈钢属于一种无氮化铬或碳化铬析出的氮和碳的过饱和固溶体 (S相结构 )。这种渗入钢中的过饱和氮和碳元素引起奥氏体晶格发生畸变 ,使渗层的硬度和耐磨性都有较大幅度的提高。由于处理后的奥氏体不锈钢渗层内的最大含氮量和最大含碳量分别出现在不同的深度 ,既有离子渗氮处理的高硬度 ,又有离子渗碳处理的高渗层厚度和良好的硬度梯度等特点     

N~＋离子注入对不锈钢性能的影响

研究了注入Ｎ＋的１Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９Ｔｉ不锈钢表面改性层的性能．对样品进行了显微硬度测定．用电化学方法测定了在硝酸磷肥混酸介质中静态弱极化曲线，并自制一台磨蚀试验装置，测定了动态弱极化曲线．结果表明，显微硬度随注入剂量增大呈线性升高．耐蚀性及耐磨蚀性能随注入剂量的不同差异较大．适量的Ｎ＋注入可显著提高不锈钢的耐蚀及耐磨蚀能力，高剂量注入导致耐蚀性能下降．     

XPS study of the corrosion resisting composite alloying layer obtained by double glow plasma with the brush plating Ni interlayer

The Ni-Cr-Mo-Cu multi-element surface alloying with the electric brush plating Ni interlayer on the low carbon steel substrate has been investigated. By the electrochemical method in 3.5% (mass fraction) NaC1 solution, the corrosion resistance of the composite alloying layer and single alloying layer is determined. The experimental results show that the corrosion resistance of the composite alloying layer is obviously better than that of the single alloying layer. The structure and composition of passive films formed on the two kinds of alloyed layers after electrochemical tests in 3.5% NaC1 solution have been studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It is concluded that the double glow plasma surface alloying of low carbon steel with the electric brush plating Ni interlayer is an appropriate technique to enhance the corrosion resistance compared with the single double glow surface alloying.     

Effects of C,N-Codoped on the Corrosion Resistance of TiO_2 Films Prepared by Plasma Surface Alloying and Thermal Oxidation Duplex Process

C,N-codoped TiO 2 films have been deposited onto stainless steel substrates using plasma surface alloying and thermal oxidation duplex process.Composition analysis shows that the films shield the substrates entirely.The TiO 2 films are anatase in structure as characterized by X-ray diffraction.The electrochemical measurements show that the equilibrium corrosion potential positively shifts from-0.275 eV for bare stainless steel to-0.267 eV for C,N-codoped TiO 2 coated stainless steel,and the corrosion curren...