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丙烯酰胺是一种有毒化合物,具有潜在致癌、遗传、神经、生殖和发育毒性。据文献报道,长期接触丙烯酰胺可严重影响人体健康。中药材及食品中富含氨基酸和还原糖等物质,为丙烯酰胺的生成奠定了物质基础;中药材及食品的加工过程,为丙烯酰胺的生成奠定了条件基础。所以丙烯酰胺在中药材及食品中普遍存在。研究丙烯酰胺的毒性、检测、形成和抑制(消除)方法,对优化中药材及食品加工工艺、提高中药材及食品的质量和食用安全水平具有科学指导意义。本文对丙烯酰胺的毒性、检测和抑制方法进行总结归纳,并对目前检测和抑制方法进行比较和展望,以期为中药材及食品的科学安全加工提供参考。 相似文献
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油炸食品因其独特的风味和诱人色泽,深受消费者喜爱。但高温油炸过程产生的2A级致癌物丙烯酰胺(Acrylamide,AA ),受到人们的广泛关注。油炸食品是一种深受消费者喜爱的食品,在食品产业中具有重要地位,而AA在富含淀粉的油炸食品中含量较高,在生产加工过程中伴随美拉德反应途径或丙烯醛途径生成,不同的食品原料、食品预处理方法、加工工艺条件都会对其生产有影响。由于消费者和食品工业对丙烯酰胺关注度的增加,关于丙烯酰胺检测方法的相关研究引发了广泛的讨论。除了使用常用的方法检测油炸食品中的丙烯酰胺外,近年来还出现了许多新型检测方法。本文从油炸食品中的丙烯酰胺生成途径与机制出发,总结探究其系列毒性,归纳近年来油炸食品中丙烯酰胺检测的传统与新兴方法,以期为油炸食品的生产加工提供科学依据,为控制油炸食品中的丙烯酰胺形成提供一定的理论支撑和参考。 相似文献
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丙烯酰胺(AA)是一种食品热处理加工过程中产生的具有神经毒性与潜在致癌性的物质,已引起全世界范围的广泛关注。准确测定复杂食品体系中AA的含量,是评估其对人体危害的前提。文章评述了AA传统检测方法(液相色谱,气相色谱,液质联用和气质联用)的不足,主要体现在样品前处理过程复杂、需要必要的衍生化、分析仪器昂贵及需要专业技术人员操作等方面;并重点介绍了毛细管电泳法、酶联免疫吸附试验法、超分子识别法、纳米生物传感法等新型的检测方法的优缺点,及在实际应用中遇到的具体问题;同时,对未来检测方法的发展方向进行展望,旨在为更高效、实用检测方法的开发提供思路。 相似文献
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Bessonov VV Malinkin AD Perederiaev OI Bogachuk MN Volkovich SV Medvedev IuV 《Voprosy pitaniia》2011,80(4):79-83
The method of determination of acrylamide in various food (milk powder, potato chips, instant coffee) by gas-liquid chromatography after pre-bromination was developed. Studies have shown the possibility of using bromination of acrylamide to give it the necessary properties for better extraction, purification and detection. Also revealed the possibility of qualitative and quantitative determine a acrylamide in food by gas-liquid chromatography with detection by electron capture detector. 相似文献
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In early 2002, the Swedish National Food Administration reported high acrylamide levels in heat-treated carbohydrate-rich foods. Consequently, intensive activity began examining the many different types of food, and thousands of analyses have been undertaken world wide. Measurement data have been published in many different types of media. Within this flood of publications, there are only a limited number of articles concerned with the technical aspects of the measurements. This review focuses on the state-of-the-art in the analysis of acrylamide in foodstuffs. It covers information on methods from peer-reviewed articles and other sources (e.g. a survey carried out among official and private laboratories of the Member States of the European Union). Alternative methods are presented and discussed alongside the more common measurement techniques for acrylamide in foodstuffs. Special attention is given to sample preparation. The greatest differences between the analytical methods was for acrylamide extraction and clean-up. The influence of different extraction techniques or extraction solvents/solvent mixtures on the measurement results has not yet been fully investigated. There is also a lack of understanding about the sample clean-up. Since both might have a large impact on the results of the analysis, this review should also be considered as a basis for further investigations. 相似文献
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近年来,由于富营养化,全球有害蓝藻水华的发生率持续上升,形成水华的蓝藻会释放出多种毒素,微囊藻毒素是有害蓝藻产生的常见毒素,具有肝毒性、肾毒性、神经毒性、生殖毒性等多种毒性,严重威胁人类和生态系统健康。微囊藻毒素在水中非常稳定,难以通过传统水处理工艺去除。因此,寻求经济有效的微囊藻毒素检测和脱除方法至关重要。本文综述了定量检测和去除微囊藻毒素的方法,包括物理法、化学法和生物法,并分析总结了这三类方法用于检测和脱除微囊藻毒素的优势与局限性,总结了不同方法脱除微囊藻毒素的机理,重点介绍了绿色高效的光催化降解微囊藻毒素的脱除方法,最后,基于当前的研究结果,对未来微囊藻毒素脱除研究方向进行了展望,为解决环境中微囊藻毒素的污染问题提供思路。 相似文献
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A comparative study of acrylamide formation induced by microwave and conventional heating methods 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
ABSTRACT: In this study, the formation of acrylamide upon treatment with microwave and conventional heating, boiling, or frying was investigated in both Asn/Fru and Asn/Glc model systems and in potato chips. Acrylamide levels were analyzed by HPLC method, which was confirmed by HPLC-MS/MS. Present results in model systems showed that pH value had a complex influence on the formation of acrylamide in the 2 systems during both microwaving (600 W) and boiling (120 ± 1 o C). At pH < 8.0, acrylamide content increased with increasing the pH value, reaching the maximum at pH 8.0 whereas acrylamide content decreased with the increase of pH. Regardless of pH and heating methods, acrylamide content generally increased with increasing treatment time. Surprisingly, all present results showed that microwave heating not only induced acrylamide formation in the 2 model systems but also facilitated more acrylamide to be formed as compared to the boiling method at identical pH and treatment time. At pH 4.0, 8.0, and 10.0, the larger the microwave power, the more the acrylamide content. Consistent with the above observation, treatment of potato chips with microwave heating for 2.5 to 3.5 min in the range 550 to 750 W similarly resulted in acrylamide formation. The highest acrylamide content was formed by 750 W microwave treatment as 0.897 ± 0.099 mg/kg, which was significantly higher than that produced by traditional frying (180 ± 1o C), 0.645 ± 0.035 mg/kg ( P < 0.05). 相似文献
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左旋肉碱是一种类维生素的氨基酸衍生物,广泛存在于生物体内,在脂肪酸代谢中起重要作用。近年来,左旋肉碱越来越广泛地应用于保健食品、减肥药、婴幼儿奶粉和运动员补充剂中,因此,对其进行准确定量检测面临更高的技术要求。目前,研究人员对左旋肉碱进行了有关生物化学、药代动力学及毒理学等方面的广泛研究,与此同时开发了大量用于检测食品、营养补充剂和配方药物中左旋肉碱的方法。本文简要介绍了左旋肉碱的性质、生理功能和应用,分类总结了已开发的左旋肉碱检测方法,展望了左旋肉碱检测方法的未来发展方向。 相似文献
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目前有机磷类农药在农业生产中仍然应用广泛,有机磷类农药及其代谢产物对人体有较严重的毒害作用。文章综述近年来国内外在果蔬中有机磷农药残留分析检测技术的应用及研究进展,并对有机磷类农药残留检测技术的发展前景进行展望。 相似文献