弱湍流信道无线光通信分集接收合并技术

为了克服大气湍流所造成的信道衰落效应,分析了在弱湍流信道模型下基于强度检测脉冲位置调制方式的自由空间光通信空间（FSO）分集接收系统模型,推导了无分集系统的误时隙率计算公式。然后以此作为参考,在独立同分布的情况下,采用数值仿真的方法,分别对比分析了最大比合并（MRC）、等增益合并（EGC）和选择性合并（SC）的误时隙率性能。结果表明,3种合并技术中,误时隙率性能改善最优的是MRC,其次是EGC,而SC的改善性能最差,但是SC实现相对容易。利用分集接收合并技术可以有效改善FSO系统的性能,并且具有较好的抗大气信道衰落能力,在无线光通信中将有一定的应用前景。     

Combined turbo coding and unitary space-time modulation

Space-time coding is well understood for high data rate communications over wireless channels with perfect channel state information. On the other hand, channel coding for multiple transmit antennas when channel state information is unknown has only received limited attention. A new signaling scheme, named unitary space-time modulation, has been proposed for the latter case. In this paper, we consider the use of turbo coding together with unitary space-time modulation. We demonstrate that turbo coded space-time modulation systems are well suited to wireless communication systems when there is no channel state information, in the sense that the turbo coding improves the bit error rate (BER) performance of the system considerably. In particular, we observe that the turbo-coded system provides 10-15 dB coding gain at a BER of 10/sup -5/ compared to the unitary space-time modulation for various transmit and receive antenna diversity cases.     

无线光通信中的空时编码研究进展（二）

无线光MIMO技术结合了天线发射分集、接收分集与信道编码分集,可以显著提高信道容量。介绍了笔者在分层空时编码方面的若干研究进展,分析了误码率特性与发射/接收天线数目、检测算法之间的关系,比较了水平分层空时码、螺旋分层空时码、对角分层空时码和垂直分层空时码不同的编码方案,以及不同检测算法对不同的湍流强度的抑制作用。经分析得出:三种分层空时编码性能最好的是对角分层空时编码,其次是螺旋分层空时编码,最后是水平分层空时编码。     

Generalized receiver selection combining schemes for alamouti MIMO systems with MPSK

Analytical results for the symbol error rate (SER) of M-ary phase shift keying (MPSK) in a slow, flat Rayleigh fading channel for a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system using an Alamouti transmission scheme and generalized selection combining (GSC) scheme are given. Two new receiver selection schemes, generalized space-time sum-of-squares (GSTSoS) selection diversity and generalized space-time sum-of-magnitudes (GSTSoM) selection diversity are proposed. The first provides the same performance as conventional GSC, and the second provides slightly poorer performance, but neither requires channel state information and both have much simpler implementations. The SER of MPSK in Rayleigh fading using these two selection schemes is studied and compared to that of conventional GSC. The effects of channel estimation errors on each selection scheme are examined.     

A RAKE-based iterative receiver for space-time block-coded multipath CDMA

A turbo multiuser receiver is proposed for space-time block and channel-coded code division multiple access (CDMA) systems in multipath channels. The proposed receiver consists of a first stage that performs detection, space-time decoding, and multipath combining followed by a second stage that performs the channel decoding. A reduced complexity receiver suitable for systems with large numbers of transmitter antennas is obtained by performing the space-time decoding along each resolvable multipath component and then diversity combining the set of space-time decoded outputs. By exchanging the soft information between the first and second stages, the receiver performance is improved via iteration. Simulation results show that while in some cases a noniterative space-time coded system may have inferior performance compared with a system without space-time coding in a multipath channel, proposed iterative schemes significantly outperform systems without space-time coding, even with only two iterations. Furthermore, the performance loss in the reduced-complexity receiver due to decoupling of interference suppression, space-time decoding, and multipath combining is very small for error rates of practical interest.     

基于正交空时分组码的空间脉冲位置调制

针对在湍流信道下空间脉冲位置调制(SPPM)系统误码性能较差的问题,文章将空时分组码与空间调制技术结合,提出了基于比特补码正交空时分组码的空间脉冲位置调制(BCOSTBC-SPPM),利用空时编码增加信息冗余度以改善系统误码性能.同时基于最大似然(ML)检测推导了系统的理论误比特率上界,并通过蒙特卡洛仿真对理论上界进行...     

基于混沌密钥控制的联合信源信道与安全算术码编译码算法

该文针对深空通信、移动通信等资源受限网络中的信息有效性、可靠性和安全性传输,提出一种基于混沌密钥控制的联合信源信道与安全算术码编译码算法。该算法在编码端通过混沌映射1控制在算术码内嵌入多个禁用符号,将信道编码检错与密码流的扰乱相结合;同时,通过混沌映射2控制信源符号的算术编码,将信源编码与信息安全相结合,实现了联合信源信道与信息安全编译码。实验结果表明,该算法与现有的同类算法相比,当误包率为10-3时,改善编译码性能0.4 dB,同时增强了可靠性和安全性。     

空时编码在单天线UWB通信系统中的应用

超宽带(UWB)适用于基带多用户通信、战场无线通信和高数据率多媒体业务等通信系统,其数据传输速率高、功耗低、多径分辨能力强。但超宽带脉冲信号时域支撑区极窄,信道为密集多径,将空时编码技术引入超宽带通信系统,能够提升无线通信系统的信道容量与抗误比特率性能。在对UWB空时分组编码系统模型性能理论分析的基础上,对空时分组码在单天线UWB系统应用方案与UWB空时分层码方案进进行了简要介绍,利用Matlab对IEEEUWB信道模型进行仿真,提出了空时编码在UWB通讯技术中应用后提升短距高速率无线通信的性能的结论 。     

基于AF协作的多中继M2M通信系统的SER性能分析

基于移动端对移动端(M2M)信道衰落服从重叠Nakagami-m分布的假设,研究M-PSK调制下移动放大转发(AF)中继对M2M系统的性能影响。利用矩母函数(MGF)方法,推导了多AF中继辅助M2M通信(MAF-M2M)系统的误符号率(SER)性能下界表达式,并结合近似概率密度函数(PDF)方法,给出了更为逼近的近似SER表达式。结果表明,目的端采用最大比合并时,AF中继可以明显改善不同m参数信道下M2M通信系统性能。计算机仿真结果验证了性能界和近似SER的正确性。     

空时分组码MC-CDMA系统多用户检测

本文研究了在频率选择性瑞利衰落信道中工作于时分双工(TDD)模式的多载波码分多址(MC-CDMA)系统上行链路,在用户终端处使用两个发射天线,采用基于空时分组码的发射分集。考虑对应于子载波的衰落系数是信道冲激响应的离散傅里叶变换,给出了基于空时分组码的MC-CDMA系统上行链路信号模型。采用适用于同步CDMA系统的低代价Steiner估计器来进行基于空时分组码的MC-CDMA系统的信道估计,每个用户终端的两个发射天线各分配一个midamble。研究了基于空时分组码的MC-CDMA系统的解相关多用户检测、最小均方误差(MMSE)多用户检测,进行联合的多用户检测和空时码解码。仿真结果验证了上述模型及算法的有效性。     

基于准正交空时分组编码的空间激光通信

准正交空时分组编码(QOSTBC)是一种正交空时编码的变换编码结构,将时间分集和空间分集相结合,具有高效的分集利用率和编码效率。QOSTBC是解决大气湍流对光通信影响的有效手段之一。在研究了大气信道特性的基础上,提出一种基于QOSTBC结构和空间分集光通信系统的信道模型;介绍了QOSTBC原理,分析了系统的信道容量和误码率(BER);利用蒙特卡罗仿真比较了采用空时分集编码与未使用分集编码系统的容量及BER的情况。结果表明,使用QOSTBC系统的信道容量随发射天线数增加而递增,误码性能得到有效改善。QOSTBC与Alamouti编码系统相比系统信噪比节省约9dB,说明该系统具有编码所提供的良好信道容量和误码性能,能够有效地抑制大气湍流对光通信所产生的光强起伏影响。     

Improving BER performance of virtual QOSTBC

In this paper, we propose a new solution for improving BER performance of virtual quasi orthogonal space-time block coding (QOSTBC). The proposed solution is compared with virtual QOSTBC and virtual orthogonal space-time block coding (OSTBC). One of the main disadvantages of virtual OSTBC is its code rate, while on the other side code rate of QOSTBC equals 1, but with BER performance degradation as a consequence. The scheme proposed here provides improved BER performance in comparison with QOSTBC, and has preserved code rate of 1. The considered schemes are used for creating virtual 4 × 1 multiple input-single output channel. These schemes include one base station, one relay station, both equipped with two antennas, and one mobile station with a single antenna.     

A novel wideband space‐time channel simulator based on the geometrical one‐ring model with applications in MIMO‐OFDM systems

In this paper, we extend the geometrical one‐ring multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) channel model with respect to frequency selectivity. Our approach enables the design of efficient and accurate simulation models for wideband space‐time MIMO channels under isotropic scattering conditions. Two methods will be provided to compute the parameters of the simulation model. Especially, the temporal, frequency and spatial correlation properties of the proposed wideband space‐time MIMO channel simulator are studied analytically. It is shown that any given specified or measured discrete power delay profile (PDP) can be incorporated into the simulation model. The high accuracy of the simulation model is demonstrated by comparing its statistical properties with those of the underlying reference model with specified correlation properties in the time, frequency and spatial domain. As an application example of the new MIMO frequency‐selective fading channel model, we study the influence of various channel model parameters on the system performance of a space‐time coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system. For example, we investigate the influence of the antenna element spacings of the base station (BS) antenna as well as the mobile station (MS) antenna. It turns out that an increasing of the antenna element spacing at the BS side results in a higher diversity gain than an increasing of the antenna element spacing at the MS side. Furthermore, the diversity gain brought in by space‐time block coding schemes is investigated by simulation. Our results show that transmitter diversity can significantly reduce the symbol error rate (SER) of multiple antenna systems. Finally, the influence of the Doppler effect and the impact of imperfect channel state information (CSI) on the system performance is also investigated. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

MISO-CDMA多径系统中空时分组码的译码方法

空时编码是实现宽带无线数据通信和下一代移动通信系统的一种极有潜力的技术。为有效的将空时分组码应用到多径衰落环境下的码分多址系统，以充分利用多个路径的信号能量，现提出了一种多径环境下空时分组译码的新方法。由于空时分组码译码与信道估计紧密相关，为此本文对多径信道估计以及信道估计误差对本方法产生的影响作研究。仿真结果表明，采用多路径译码方法可以明显提高系统的误码性能。     

Coding over space and time for wireless systems

In wireless communications, channel coding is used to combat impairments such as noise or fading. Redundant information is added at the transmitter, to enable reliable detection and decoding of the message at the receiver. With the advent of multiple-antenna techniques, coding for the wireless channel has become an attractive topic of research. Several original schemes have been devised over the past decade that benefit particularly well from the added spatial dimension: clever space-time diversity mappings, coined "space-time coding," increase the reliability of the wireless link, while "spatial multiplexing" and its corresponding demultiplexing and detection algorithms achieve high data rates at unprecedented spectral efficiencies. The combination of channel coding with numerous variations and mixtures of the above poses interesting design challenges. In this article we, admittedly, take a more channel-coding-centric view of a wireless communication link, and outline the current state of the art as well as future trends in coding over space and time.     

On maximum-likelihood detection and decoding for space-time codingsystems

Space-time coding (STC) schemes for communication systems employing multiple transmit and receive antennas have been attracting increased attention. In this paper, we address two interrelated problems: detection of space-time codes under various interference conditions and information transfer from the STC detector to an error-correcting channel decoder. By taking a systematic maximum-likelihood (ML) approach to the joint detection and decoding problem, we show how to design optimal detectors and how to integrate them with a channel decoder. We also discuss various aspects of channel modeling for STC communication receivers. In particular, while many previous works on space-time coding assume that the channel is a stochastic quantity, we find that a deterministic channel model can have some advantages for the receiver design. Finally, we illustrate our results by numerical examples. Index Terms-Interference suppression, maximum-likelihood estimation, maximum-likelihood sequence detection, MIMO systems, space-time coding, soft information     

波束空时分组码系统中一种基于ICA的正交检测方案

结合波束形成和空时分组编码的混合系统与传统的单波束发射以及单空时编码发射分集方案相比可以大大提高链路性能;传统的译码方案通常以接收端能够获取精确的信道状态信息为前提;但是对于某些特定的通信环境,这种前提条件通常很难满足.独立分量分析(ICA)技术可以在不进行信道估计的情况下对发射信号实现有效检测.本文针对接收端的信号结构提出了一种基于ICA的正交检测方案;并通过仿真将新方案与传统方案进行了性能比较,仿真结果表明,新方案具有较好的系统适应性和误码率特性.     

Research on diversity receive technology for wireless optical communication using PPM in weak turbulence atmosphere channel

In order to mitigate atmospheric turbulence, the free space optical （FSO） system model with spatial diversity is ana- lyzed based on intensity detection pulse position modulation （PPM） in the weak turbulence atmosphere. The slot error rate （SER） calculating formula of the system without diversity is derived under pulse position modulation firstly. Then as a benchmark, independent of identical distribution, the average slot error rates of the three linear combining tech- nologies, which are the maximal ratio combining （MRC）, equal gain combining （EGC） and selection combining （SelC）, are compared. Simulation results show that the performance of system is the best improved by MRC, followed by EGC, and is poor by SelC, but SelC is simpler and more convenient. Spatial diversity is efficient to improve the performance and has strong ability on resistance to atmospheric channel decline. The above scheme is more suitable for optical wire- less communication systems.     

无线光通信中的空时编码研究进展(四)

级联编码是一种提高系统纠错能力以逼近香农限的高效编码方式。当信道编码与空时编码结合使用时性能会大大提升,因此级联空时码研究成为空时编码研究的重要方向之一。笔者介绍了RS 码、LDPC 码与空时码的级联方案,以及在不同大气湍流条件下的误码率特性,并对其进行了仿真分析。结果表明:级联空时码可以极大地改善大气激光通信系统的性能,抑制大气湍流效应,有利于获得编码增益,进一步改善系统的误码性能。     

一种适用多种空时编码方案的MIMO自编码器通信系统

为提升现有端到端通信系统的适应性与信道估计的准确性,提出了一种适用于多种空时编码方案的多输入多输出(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output,MIMO)自编码器通信系统.该系统将基于卷积神经网络的自编码器引入到MIMO系统中,并结合信道估计网络实现信道均衡,通过端到端的学习方式实现各种空时编码方案下...