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以区块链技术提高频谱资源配置和使用的实效,逐渐引起全球关注.本文简述了区块链的基本含义,对部分国家频谱管理区块链的有关动态进行了介绍,包括美国公众无线宽带服务的基本概念.然后,重点以区块链促进无线电业务间的频谱共享为方向进行了探讨,提出了构想,并分析了挑战与发展机遇.  相似文献   

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为解决无人机与蜂窝网络在协作频谱共享中的激励与安全问题,提出了一种基于区块链的频谱共享机制。首先,为保证无人机在协作过程中的可靠性和真实性,采用基于信誉的赢家判决方法和维克里(Vickery)拍卖的付款规则,在保证无人机通信最小速率前提下提出最大化蜂窝网络传输容量的优化方案。其次,为避免集中机构带来隐私泄露等危险,提出基于区块链的拍卖框架,使用区块链存储并更新无人机的信誉值,并使用智能合约功能来验证和执行拍卖。最后,通过仿真验证区块链的防篡改性,表明所提机制具有激励兼容性并能提升蜂窝网络的传输容量,且与其他方案相比具有较低的协作中断百分比和较好的公平性。  相似文献   

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针对大规模、超密集部署移动互联网和物联网引发的精确频谱共享需求,基于区块链技术提出联网海量个人无线设备构成频谱设备网络:频谱管理服务器、移动基站、个人无线设备形成云计算与边缘计算相结合的频谱设备网络架构,以频谱数据获取、频谱区块添加、频谱数据传输、频谱数据采集的激励构成了基于区块链的频谱设备网络的基本运行机制,通过感知节点共识融合、验证节点共识验证、簇头节点共识确认,在一定置信度下的假设检验判断是否有恶意感知节点发动伪造频谱数据的拜占庭攻击。仿真结果表明分布式共识机制在防御恶意感知节点伪造频谱数据的拜占庭攻击上的有效性和可靠性。  相似文献   

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实现频谱共享,需要以实时准确地掌握主用户的频谱占用情况以及频谱交易信息为前提.为此,在利用群智感知以及区块链的前提下,提出了三层式的基于区块链的认知无线电系统,即物理层、传输层以及应用层.其中区块链网络位于传输层,用以记录交易信息,并利用区块链的去中心化以及去信任化特性以保证交易的安全性与可靠性.特别地,为了激励系统中...  相似文献   

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6G无线网络将呈现资源协同化趋势,全频谱统一接入无蜂窝技术已成为6G的关键技术之一。然而密集部署的无蜂窝基站在频谱共享时将产生严重的干扰。针对这一问题,提出了一种基于联盟链的多基站协同功率控制方法。各基站共同组成一个联盟链网络,并基于区块链共识机制实现基站间功率协调控制,以降低因频谱共用而产生的干扰。以最大化系统的总吞吐量为目标,优化各基站的发射功率,并提出了一种等效转换方法以求解该非凸问题。仿真结果表明,所提算法相较于最大功率分配和正交频分复用策略能显著减少基站的发射功率开销,提升系统吞吐量。  相似文献   

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随着区块链技术的快速发展,共识机制作为区块链系统的核心组件,对于保障系统的安全性至关重要。本文概述了实用拜占庭容错(Practical Byzantine FaultTolerance,PBFT)共识机制的基本原理、特点与优势,并指出了其面临的挑战,针对这些问题,提出了两种PBFT共识机制的可扩展性改进算法TBFT(Threshold-Based Fault Tolerance)和VBFT(Verifiable Random Function-based Byzantine Fault Tolerance)。TBFT算法通过引入阈值签名技术,显著降低了PBFT共识机制的通信成本。在TBFT中,只需部分节点合作即可对区块数据进行签名确认;VBFT算法则利用可验证随机函数(VRF)技术优化主节点的选举过程,通过分片技术,VBFT进一步降低了通信复杂度,提高了系统的共识效率。本文的研究对于提升区块链系统的共识效率、降低通信成本以及增强系统的可扩展性具有重要的实践意义。  相似文献   

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文章对基于区块链技术的物联网信息共享安全相关理论及信息共享安全框架进行了分析,介绍了信息感知层、数据传输层、技术应用层信息安全的基本情况,从区块链技术应用方面进行了论述,提出了双链模式的物联网信息共享安全防护方法,对双链模式构建策略和物联网超级账本安全架构方法进行了研究。仿真实验证明,该模式能够增强抗攻击能力,提升数据区块链性能和交易区块链性能,达到良好的物联网信息共享安全防护效果,解决了物联网信息共享的安全问题。  相似文献   

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信息时代,各机构图书馆数字资源各具特点,如何实现图书馆之间的安全共享是急需解决的关键问题.为此,本文设计了基于区块链的图书馆数字资源安全共享模型.在该模型中,设计智能合约体系,实现数据的一致性和不可篡改性.通过采用区块链存储与分布式存储结合的存储机制,实现数据的安全存储.在模型的具体应用机制方面,设计了用户的身份注册流...  相似文献   

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数字化、信息化是时代发展的必然趋势,博物馆承担着传承中国文化的作用,在时代发展背景下也开始积极走上了数字化道路。但人们对博物馆的关注点仍只是聚焦于馆内藏品,并未考虑到其无形资产,如版权等,这就使得博物馆的数字资产安全性受到影响。随着知识产权价值意识的日渐觉醒,如何进行博物馆数字资产安全共享成为博物馆管理者需要深入探讨的课题。由于区块链技术在此方面有着一定优势,所以本文就基于区块链技术的博物馆数字资产安全共享进行研究,以供参考。  相似文献   

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面对粮食联盟链网络中的大量共识节点,由于传统实用拜占庭容错(practical Byzantine fault tolerance,PBFT)共识算法效率低下,导致通信能耗过高,从而极大地增加信息泄露和数据造假的风险.针对上述难题,本文提出了一种基于凝聚型层次聚类(agglomerative hierarchical clustering,AHC)的PBFT优化共识算法.首先,利用AHC算法对所有网络共识节点进行目标划分和聚类;其次,使所有簇并行发生PBFT共识;最后,通过簇间主节点共识达成消息一致.实验结果表明,该改进算法能够有效降低能量开销,并提高共识效率和吞吐量.  相似文献   

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杨春燕  宾冬梅  黎新 《电信科学》2021,37(2):144-153
提出了一种基于实用拜占庭容错(PBFT)算法的区块链技术,首先对传统的实用拜占庭容错算法原理进行了阐述,该传统算法包含前期、需求、预准备、准备、确认、答复6个阶段,但传统算法具有实时性差、缺乏惩罚机制、带宽高的缺点。针对出现的这些问题,又对传统算法进行了改进,具体涉及记账节点、共识过程以及视图切换过程。通过测试进一步证明了该改进算法的实用性,并将该算法应用于电网企业中,构建的虚拟仓库实现了联储联备,降低了库存资金的耗费,并且提高了电网企业库存管理的效率。  相似文献   

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Cognitive radio network (CRN) is an emerging technology that can increase the utilization of spectrum underutilized by primary users (PUs). In the literature, most exiting investigations on CRNs have focused on how secondary users (SUs) can coexist harmlessly with the PUs. Despite the importance of such a coexistence issue, it is also crucial to investigate the coexistence of SUs because (i) the PUs usually rarely use the licensed spectrum and (ii) the advantages of CRN will significantly increase the number of SUs in the future. To address this challenging issue, we propose, in this paper, an optimal randomized spectrum access scheme, whose main ideas include the following: (i) an SU shares its sensing results with neighboring SUs and (ii) with the regional sensing results, an SU will access available channels with a non‐uniform probability distribution. We first formulate a multichannel optimal randomized multiple access (MC‐ORMA) problem that aims to maximize the throughput of the CRN; we then develop efficient distributed algorithms to solve the MC‐ORMA problem; we derive the closed‐form value of collision probability for each SU; and finally, we conduct extensive numerical experiments and compare our theoretical analysis with simulation results to demonstrate the advantages of our scheme. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

14.
动态频谱接入技术的分类和研究现状   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3  
动态频谱接入是认知无线电技术的一种重要应用,它利用通信过程中出现的频谱空洞机会式地接入频谱,能极大地提高频谱的利用效率.文章介绍了动态频谱接入的一种分类方法,重点分析了该分类中三个模型的特征、关键技术,以及在美国下一代(XG)无线通信计划、IEEE 802.22标准和欧洲端到端效率(E3)项目中对于动态频谱接入技术的研究现状,最后探讨了动态频谱接入技术的应用前景.  相似文献   

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To utilize spectrum resources more efficiently, dynamic spectrum access attempts to allocate the spectrum to users in an intelligent manner. Uncoordinated sharing with cognitive radio (CR) users is a promising approach for dynamic spectrum access. In the uncoordinated sharing model, CR is an enabling technology that allows the unlicensed or secondary users to opportunistically access the licensed spectrum bands (belonging to the so‐called primary users), without any modifications or updates for the licensed systems. However, because of the limited resources for making spectrum observations, spectrum sensing for CR is bound to have errors and will degrade the grade‐of‐service performance of both primary and secondary users. In this paper, we first propose a new partial spectrum sharing policy, which achieves efficient spectrum sharing between two licensed networks. Then, a Markov chain model is devised to analyze the proposed policy considering the effects of sensing errors. We also construct a cross‐layer design framework, in which the parameters of spectrum sharing policy at the multiple‐access control layer and the spectrum sensing parameters at the physical layer are simultaneously coordinated to maximize the overall throughput of the networks, while satisfying the grade‐of‐service constraints of the users. Numerical results show that the proposed spectrum sharing policy and the cross‐layer design strategy achieve a much higher overall throughput for the two networks. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

16.
门限Byzantine quorum系统及其在 分布式存储中的应用   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2  
针对纠删编码和门限方案在分布式存储中的应用,提出门限Byzantine quorum系统(TBQS)的概念.该系统与数据分离算法相结合,可以构造可靠性较强的存储系统,当故障服务器个数不超过服务器总数的1/4时,利用TBQS设计存储策略可以实现容错和无间断服务.讨论了TBQS的存在性,构造了两类TBQS并对其效率进行分析,在此基础上设计了基于TBQS的分布式读写协议.  相似文献   

17.
    
Cognitive radio (CR) is found to be an emerging key for efficient spectrum utilization. In this paper, spectrum sharing among service providers with the help of cognitive radio has been investigated. The technique of spectrum sharing among service providers to share the licensed spectrum of licensed service providers in a dynamic manner is considered. The performance of the wireless network with opportunistic spectrum sharing techniques is analyzed. Thus, the spectral utilization and efficiency of sensing is increased, the interference is minimized, and the call blockage is reduced.  相似文献   

18.
The radio frequency spectrum is a naturally limited resource of extraordinary value, as the key to the provision of important communication and information services. Traditionally, spectrum has been allocated first to specific access technologies, and then sub-allocated to specific access networks, on very long term basis (up to decades). The traditional scheme can be very inefficient when demand patterns (“loads”) exhibit high temporal and spatial variations. Dynamic spectrum allocation (DSA) improves radio spectrum efficiency by adjusting the allocation as demand changes in time and/or space. In previous work, we introduced a DSA scheme in which a spectrum manager periodically auctions short-term spectrum licenses. The scheme can be supported by a realistic “pooling” business model, and can work with many radio-access technologies. But our previous analysis only considers a code-division multiple access (CDMA) technology; and DSA provides the greatest benefits with the participation of networks having complementary “busy hours,” such as video entertainment services and cellular telephony. Here, a digital video broadcast (DVB) terrestrial network joins the scheme. A typical DVB terrestrial cell is (much) larger than a UMTS cell. This brings to the forefront inter-cell interference, and inter-related auctions in different cells. To capture the essence of these issues we focus first on a situation where one DVB terrestrial cell overlays two adjacent CDMA cells. Subsequently we discuss extensions to richer scenarios. The contributions of the present work over our previous publications include to : (i) address the impact of inter-cell interference among several CDMA cells, (ii) introduce the DVB access technology into the DSA scheme, (iii) modify the auction scheme to consider that a DVB cell overlays several CDMA cells, (iv) characterise analytically the marketing and bidding behaviour of the DVB network.
Rahim TafazolliEmail:
  相似文献   

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认知无线电中的频谱共享技术   总被引:3,自引:3,他引:3  
认知无线电(cognitive radio,CR)具有动态重用空闲频谱资源的能力,可以有效提高频谱利用率,是一种智能的频谱共享技术。文章给出了一种频谱共享的过程,阐述了频谱共享各个步骤包括频谱感知、频谱分配、频谱接入和频谱移动的概念、功能和研究现状,分析了频谱共享的关键技术,重点介绍了其中的频谱池策略、频谱分配算法和功率控制算法。  相似文献   

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