无线传感器网络中一种基于网络编码的拥塞感知路由协议

事件驱动型无线传感器网络流量具有突发性,容易引起网络局部拥塞,影响数据传输的可靠性.将拥塞感知的路由机制与网络编码的数据传输方法相结合,提出了一种基于邻居节点拥塞度的区域拥塞检测方法,在此基础上,提出基于网络编码的拥塞感知可靠路由协议NCCAR.仿真结果表明,NCCAR能够合理地避免拥塞,提高了数据成功转发率,并根据链...     

无线传感器网络的数据分发技术

无线传感器网络通常由能量有限的大量传感器节点组成,数据分发是无线传感器网络的一个基本功能.设计能量有效的数据分发方案可以优化数据传输路径,减少能量消耗和网络拥塞,有效延长网络寿命.文章在简要介绍数据分发分类的基础上,重点分析了目前主要的数据分发方案,并进行了比较.     

无线传感器网络中一种优化的隐式跨层传输控制算法

为了提高无线传感器网络的传输质量,对Ad Hoc网络中一种隐式逐跳的跨层拥塞控制协议做了改进.通过路由层、MAC层与传输层合作,使得隐式逐跳的传输控制协议在无线传感器网络中能够适用.路由层采用静态路由协议,设置2个目的接收节点来防止洪泛产生.在传输层通过引入相对信息熵理论实现隐式确认,以提高数据传输的可靠性.在MAC层根据节点距拥塞区域的跳数来决定信道竟用的退避时间.跨层设计有效地解决了无线传感器网络中的传输控制问题.通过Matlab仿真证明:与现有的传输层协议相比,改进的方法能降低网络的负载,增加网络的吞吐量,减少网络的延迟和丢包率.     

无线传感器网络拥塞控制技术研究进展

无线传感器网络中的数据传输模式主要是多对一的.由于传感器节点资源严重受限、通信链路易受干扰等因素,使得拥塞问题十分严重.而传统的传输控制协议,不管是有线网络上的还是自组织网络上的,并不完全适用于无线传感器网络.拥塞控制技术作为传输层协议的关键技术之一,是传感器网络协议研究中的一个热点问题.从拥塞控制技术的研究背景入手,综述了当前该领域具有代表性的工作,对涉及的主要方法进行了分析比较.最后进行了总结并指出了传感器网络拥塞控制技术未来的研究方向.     

面向无线传感器网络的数据融合技术

面向无线传感器网络的数据融合技术是避免数据传输拥塞、提升数据传输效率及降低能耗问题的有效方法.首先分析了数据融合技术的作用,其次根据在传感器网络协议栈中所处的层次对数据融合技术进行分类并详细介绍了每个分类的重要算法,最后指出数据融合技术发展所面临的挑战.     

基于质量可靠事件协议的无线传感器网络拥塞控制

无线传感器网络中基于数量可靠的事件协议已经被提出应用于可靠事件监测系统.这种方法通过提高源节点到节点数据发送成功的数量达到事件可靠传输的目的.但是,由于在有限的数据传输路径上数据拥塞造成数据冲突和缓冲溢出频繁的现象,数据包丢失后,基于数量可靠的事件协议就难以达到期望的数据发送量.基于质量可靠的事件协议可以较好的解决这一...     

基于多路径的无线传感器网络拥塞控制算法

针对无线传感器网络的拥塞问题,提出了一种多路径拥塞控制算法。对于网络拥塞采用精度度量检测拥塞,以多路径的方式进行数据传输,避免拥塞,并采用多路径的方式,有效分散产生的拥塞。节点正常工作,保证采样数据的实时性和正确性。     

WSN拥塞控制协议的研究

无线传感器网络的拥塞控制技术是这一研究领域的热点,WSN不仅自身容易发生故障,而且还受到外界环境的影响,这对拥塞控制提出了新的挑战。从网络各层协议的角度介绍了链路层、网络层、传输层的拥塞控制协议,并对它们的优缺点进行了总结与比较,提出了进一步研究的方向。     

无线传感器网络数据传输可靠性研究综述

无线传感器网络在资源受限和环境因素影响下数据传输的可靠性较低,然而在国防军事、工业控制等应用领域中数据传输的可靠性是评价网络性能的重要指标.首先介绍了无线传感器网络可靠性的研究意义,从可靠性评估和可靠的数据传输技术两个方面介绍了近年来的研究成果,对这些成果进行了分类、比较,进一步展望了无线传感器网络可靠性未来的研究方向.     

基于蚁群优化的无线传感器网络路由算法

如何在资源受限的无线传感器网络中进行高效的数据路由是无线传感器网络研究的热点之一。基于群智能优化技术的蚁群优化算法被广泛应用于网络路由算法。提出一种无线传感器网络蚁群优化路由算法,能够保持网络的生存时间最长,同时能找到从源节点到基站节点的最短路径;采用的多路数据传输也可提供高效可靠的数据传输,同时考虑节点的能量水平。仿真结果表明:提出的算法延长了无线传感器网络的寿命,实现无线传感器网络在通信过程中快速、节能的路由。     

无线传感器网络的拥塞控制技术

无线传感器网络的多对一通信方式、无线链路的相互干扰、网络的动态变化和资源受限等特性,使得无线传感器网络容易出现拥塞,严重影响网络的QoS传输性能和生存周期,因此拥塞控制成为无线传感器网络服务质量保障机制的关键技术之一.在分析无线传感器网络特点的基础上,说明了拥塞检测和拥塞避免的策略,重点介绍和分析了基于速率控制、流量调度和传输调度等典型的拥塞解除算法,最后对拥塞控制技术的发展趋势进行了展望.     

A Class of Cross‐Layer Optimization Design for Congestion and Energy Efficiency with Compressed Sensing in Wireless Sensing Networks

In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), the congestion problem not only causes packet loss, but also leads to an increase in delays and energy consumption. The actual performance of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) can be severely influenced by the quality of the communication channel and the bit in transmission. In this paper, the distributed protocols, which attain global optimum control for signals by the compressed sensing technique and achieve fair channel allocation by the scheduling algorithm, are proposed for WSNs. We take into account the congestion problem by robust optimization with congestion ratio for two classic aspects in energy limited WSNs: minimum transmission rate and maximum transmitted information. To achieve the goal, three protocols are developed. In the first protocol, the desired control input is designed based on the compressed sensing technique. A minimal bit of signal is provided to reduce the transmission flow for the congestion model. The second protocol is resource allocation. The resources can be allocated increasingly to the channel in order to avoid more severe congestion. This can also avoid conservative reduction of resource allocation for eliminating congestion. Channel selection abides by the fair resource allocation principle. The above protocols separately are implemented through a congestion ratio at network layer, transport layer, and MAC layer. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm effectively relieves congestion, and achieves higher throughput and lower energy consumption.     

多媒体无线传感器网络拥塞控制研究

介绍了多媒体无线传感器网络的特点及其应用,分析了存在拥塞的原因,总结了近期无线传感器中拥塞控制算法的研究成果,在此基础上展望了多媒体无线传感器网络拥塞控制算法的研究方向.     

Object extraction scheme and protocol for energy efficient image communication over wireless sensor networks

To date, wireless sensor networks lack the most powerful human sense – vision. This is largely due to two main problems: (1) available wireless sensor nodes lack the processing capability and energy resource required to efficiently process and communicate large volume of image data and (2) the available protocols do not provide the queue control and error detection capabilities required to reduce packet error rate and retransmissions to a level suitable for wireless sensor networks. This paper presents an innovative architecture for object extraction and a robust application-layer protocol for energy efficient image communication over wireless sensor networks. The protocol incorporates packet queue control mechanism with built-in CRC to reduce packet error rate and thereby increase data throughput. Unlike other image transmission protocols, the proposed protocol offers flexibility to adjust the image packet size based on link conditions. The proposed processing architecture achieves high speed object extraction with minimum hardware requirement and low power consumption. The system was successfully designed and implemented on FPGA. Experimental results obtained from a network of sensor nodes utilizing the proposed architecture and the application-layer protocol reveal that this novel approach is suitable for effectively communicating multimedia data over wireless sensor networks.     

面向现场级工业无线网络混合流量分级调度的时隙分配策略

工业无线传感网络在关键位置监测和控制系统中发挥着越来越重要的作用. 然而复杂工业现场混合关键流量共存, 无法满足关键数据传输低时延和高可靠性要求, 突发流量会导致网络时延大幅抖动甚至网络拥塞, 给工业生产造成严重的后果. 针对上述情况, 本文提出了流量分区超帧架构, 考虑到设计复杂度和应用场景需求设计了R-MAC(时隙预留接入协议)和C-MAC(时隙争用接入协议). 上述两种协议以帧抢占的方式保障突发流量的实时接入, 采用了不同的重传机制提升周期性高优先级数据传输的可靠性. 最后本文对两种协议进行了评估, 与实时工业无线传感网络WirelessHART相比, 限定了突发流量的最差接入时延上界, 实现了多优先级流量服务差异化, 提升了高优先级流量的平均成功接入率.     

无线传感器网络路由技术研究

无线传感器网络是当前研究和应用的热点,路由协议是其研究的重要领域.在比较与其它传统无线网络路由协议区别的基础上,归纳了无线传感器网络路由协议应具有的特性,并对近年来针对无线传感器网络提出的有代表性的路由协议进行了研究,总结了各种路由协议的特点和适合的应用场合,重点分析了它们的不足之处,最后指出了无线传感器网络路由技术未来发展的趋势.     

Practical data compression in wireless sensor networks: A survey

Power consumption is a critical problem affecting the lifetime of wireless sensor networks. A number of techniques have been proposed to solve this issue, such as energy-efficient medium access control or routing protocols. Among those proposed techniques, the data compression scheme is one that can be used to reduce transmitted data over wireless channels. This technique leads to a reduction in the required inter-node communication, which is the main power consumer in wireless sensor networks. In this article, a comprehensive review of existing data compression approaches in wireless sensor networks is provided. First, suitable sets of criteria are defined to classify existing techniques as well as to determine what practical data compression in wireless sensor networks should be. Next, the details of each classified compression category are described. Finally, their performance, open issues, limitations and suitable applications are analyzed and compared based on the criteria of practical data compression in wireless sensor networks.     

基于多蚁群算法的无线传感器网络路由的跨层设计

针对事件驱动型无线传感器网络对数据传输的强实时性和高可靠性的要求,将统计获得的节点接入效率和负载队列长度等MAC层状态信息作为路由度量参数。考虑到蚂蚁网络算法在重负荷网络中存在传输延迟大、聚合速度慢等缺陷,提出了一种基于多蚁群算法的负载感知和高效接入的跨层路由协议,该协议把节点的单跳延迟、负载及带宽接入效率等参数作为路径的启发值进行路由优化。仿真结果表明,基于多蚁群算法的路由协议能够保证数据传输的实时性,能够实现无线传感器网络的拥塞控制及负载平衡。     

基于无线传感器网络的土壤湿度监控系统

为提高水资源的利用效率,且针对传统土壤湿度监控系统难以布线、抗干扰性能差等缺点,设计了一种无线土壤湿度监控系统。传感器节点以CC430单片机为节点核心并辅有土壤湿度传感器等一些外部元件,多节点间应用SimpliciTI无线通信协议组成一个小型的射频网络。主控节点通过GPRS模块向数据监控中心上传传感器节点采集的湿度数据并管理灌溉控制模块,数据监控中心可向无线网络发送控制命令。实验结果显示,基于协议的该系统稳定性高、移植性强、易于扩充,本设计将无线传感器网络技术应用到农业生产中,提出了一种新型实用的方案。     

PEACH: Power-efficient and adaptive clustering hierarchy protocol for wireless sensor networks

The main goal of this research is concerning clustering protocols to minimize the energy consumption of each node, and maximize the network lifetime of wireless sensor networks. However, most existing clustering protocols consume large amounts of energy, incurred by cluster formation overhead and fixed-level clustering, particularly when sensor nodes are densely deployed in wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we propose PEACH protocol, which is a power-efficient and adaptive clustering hierarchy protocol for wireless sensor networks. By using overhearing characteristics of wireless communication, PEACH forms clusters without additional overhead and supports adaptive multi-level clustering. In addition, PEACH can be used for both location-unaware and location-aware wireless sensor networks. The simulation results demonstrate that PEACH significantly minimizes energy consumption of each node and extends the network lifetime, compared with existing clustering protocols. The performance of PEACH is less affected by the distribution of sensor nodes than other clustering protocols.