基于自适应布谷鸟算法的摄像机标定方法研究

该文将自适应布谷鸟算法应用于摄像机标定中,解决传统摄像机标定算法参数多、计算量大等问题。通过对参数进行布谷鸟算法优化,解决群个体陷入局部最优的问题,增强算法全局寻优能力,从而提高布谷鸟算法的多样性。实验结果表明,该算法具有较好的全局搜索能力和避免局部最优的能力,可以准确地完成摄像机标定,在收敛精度、速度以及鲁棒性等性能上显著优于遗传算法、差分进化算法、基本布谷鸟搜索算法。     

基于IPSO的模糊神经网络优化及交通流量预测

在基于模糊神经网络的交通流量预测中,神经网络的各节点参数优化是最关键的。采用粒子群算法优化模糊神经网络的参数。针对粒子群算法易于陷入局部最优的缺点,提出一种改进的粒子群优化算法,并将改进的算法用于路口交通流量预测。仿真结果表明,该算法的收敛速度和预测精度优于传统粒子群算法、BP算法,提高了交通流量预测的精度和速度。     

油井作业中传感器误差补偿方法的研究

为了提高油井作业中压力传感器的测量精度,提出了一种基于粒子群优化BP神经网络的误差补偿方法.利用粒子群算法的全局寻优和收敛速度快的特点,训练网络的权值,能有效地改善BP神经网络传统算法的收敛速度和学习能力.结果表明:这种方法大大提高了压力传感器在油井作业中的测量精度和稳定性,也提高了油田作业的工作效率.     

基于改进BP神经网络的中央空调冷负荷预测研究

针对中央空调系统冷负荷预测中BP神经网络预测收敛慢,易陷入局部最优,精度相对低的缺点,采用了收敛速度快,全部搜索能力强的粒子群优化算法进行改进,同时对BP结构中的输入参数,添加控制误差反馈参数,形成了基于粒子群与控制误差回馈的BP神经网络预测技术;其预测精度较BP神经网络和粒子群BP神经网络分别提高5.94%和0.82%。     

单目摄像机标定方法的研究

摄像机标定是计算机视觉领域的一个研究热点,为了解决单目摄像机标定中的精度不高、模型复杂、鲁棒性差等问题,依据神经网络、遗传算法及摄像机标定的特点,提出了基于遗传算法和BP神经网络相结合的单目摄像机标定方法。该方法充分利用遗传算法的全局优化和神经网络的局部收敛的特点,一方面避免了建立复杂的摄像机成像模型,另一方面增强了摄像机标定的精度和鲁棒性。实验表明该方法有效。     

基于混合的GA-PSO神经网络算法

粒子群优化(PSO)算法是一类随机全局优化的技术,它通过粒子间的相互作用发现复杂搜索空间中的最优区域。提出了一种基于GA和PSO混合的算法(GA-PSO)用于神经网络训练。算法在产生下一代时,结合了交叉、变异算子和粒子群算法中的速度—位移公式,充分利用了遗传算法的全局寻优和粒子群算法收敛速度快的优点。经GA-PSO训练的神经网络应用于三元奇偶问题和IRIS模式分类问题,与BP、GA和PSO算法相比,该算法在提高训练误差精度的同时加快收敛速度,并能有效避免早熟收敛。仿真结果表明,GA-PSO算法是有效的神经网络训练算法。     

基于粒子群与BP混合算法的神经网络学习方法

针对标准BP算法收敛速度慢及易陷入局部极值等问题,提出一种基于粒子群优化与BP混合算法的神经网络学习方法。该方法在网络的训练过程中,同时利用粒子群算法与BP算法进行最优网络权值的搜索,从而既充分利用了粒子群算法的全局搜索性又较好地保持了BP算法本身的反向传播特点。将该混合学习算法应用于复杂函数的拟合仿真,并与标准BP算法以及传统的粒子群优化BP神经网络学习算法进行比较。实验结果表明所提的混合学习算法具有较高的收敛精度,且收敛速度更快。     

多自适应策略粒子群优化算法及应用

为了平衡粒子群优化算法的全局和局部搜索能力,提出了一种多自适应策略粒子群优化算法。该算法在粒子进化过程中,采用了基于粒子进化度和局部开启混沌搜索相结合的速度自适应调节策略。将算法应用于模拟电路故障诊断的BP神经网络训练中,有效地解决了常规BP算法收敛速度慢、易陷入局部极小的问题。仿真结果表明算法具有较快的收敛速度和较高的诊断精度。     

基于遗传模糊神经网络的煤气鼓风机故障诊断

为充分利用遗传算法的全局搜索能力和BP算法的局部搜索能力,提出了基于遗传算法的遗传模糊神经网络模型,研究了故障特征参数模糊化处理和利用遗传算法优化神经网络权重的方法,加快了网络收敛速度,提高了收敛精度.在煤气鼓风机故障诊断中的应用表明,遗传模糊神经网络克服了BP算法中存在的网络学习收敛速度慢,以及容易陷入局部极小的问题,有效提高了故障诊断的精度.     

异步电机无速度传感器速度辩识的仿真研究

研究异步电机无速度传感器辩识问题.在电机无速度传感器辩识过程中,为保证电机系统的实时调节的稳定性和准确性,传统的BP神经网络存在网络结构难以确定,极易陷入局部最优解,导致转速辩识慢,精度低的难题.为了提高电机速度辩识准确率,提出一种粒子群和BP神经网络算法相结合的转速辩识方法.采用粒子群来优化BP神经网络粒的权值和阈值,将粒子群算法全局搜索能力和BP算法的局部寻优特点的互补,以提高BP神经网络的收敛速度及精度,将优化后神经网络转速辩识器用于直接转矩控制系统中.在Matlab平台上进行了无速度传感器控制系统的建模仿真.仿真结果表明,该算法加快了辩识速度,提高了转速的辩识精度,具有良好辩识效果.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。