机动车牌的代号

我国机动车的正式牌照都是七位数字,前列二位数字为省、自治区、直辖市的代号,后列五位数字为车辆的编号.代号的分配是:北京01,河北02,内蒙古03,山西04,辽宁05,吉林06,黑龙江07,上海08,江苏09,浙江10,安徽11,江西12,福建13,山东14,广东15,广西16,湖北17,湖南18,河南19,四川20,云南21,贵州22,西藏23,陕西24,甘肃25,青海26,新疆27,宁夏28,天津29.空下"30"是留给台湾省的.     

JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCE (JTS) International Journal of Thermal and Fluid Sciences

Editorial Advisory BoardAUNG,WinCHEN,Xue JunGAL一OR,BenGRUNDMANN,RogerIV人NOV, MiehailLEONTIEV, A.I.MA,TongZeNAKORIAKOV, VESWITHENBANK,J.认钱NG,Bu XuanWU,Cheng KangZIEREP, JuergenU.SA.ChillaIsraelGermanyRussiaRussiaChinaRtlssiaUnited瓦ngdomChiflaChinaGenllanyBERGLES,Arthllr E.DVORAK,RudolfGALLUS,HE.HUANG,Zhao XiangLEFEBVRE,A.H.MA,Chong一FangMARTYNENKO,O.G.RAUTENBERG,ManfredTIEN,Chang LinWENG,Shi LieYE,Da JunU:S A.CzeehG…     

沼气建设三字经

办沼气,就是好,不烧煤,省柴草, 讲卫生,利环保,多攒粪,肥效高。 回头看,教训找,深大憨,不可搞, 既费工,又费料,结果是,产气少。 新建池,圆小巧,向阳处,位置好, “北方模”,效益高,猪沼菜,都是宝。 入料关,很重要,干原料,污水泡, 控干后,要发酵,应拌匀,粪和草, 数日后,看火候,黑臭烂,为最好。 池加水,安上表,有杂气,要放掉。 使用时,要做到,配空气,淡火苗, 有冲力,猛燃烧,省时间,热效高。 平日补,粪和尿,常检查,勤拌搅, 气有余,凉水调,不够用,温水找。 勤总结,常探讨,建管用,兼顾好, …     

Plasma—Particle Transfer Process with Phase—Change and Chemistry Effects

INTaoDUCTIONDuetohighenthalPychemicalactivityandcon-tr0llableatmophere,thermalplasmajetreactorshavebeenextensivelyutilizedinmodernindustrysuchasmetallurgy,materialsprocessing,aerospace,electron-ics,autom0bile,biomedicine,wastemanagementandsoon.Il-3]PowdermaterialproductiQnisatypicalexampleofplasmatechnologyaPplications.Inthiscase,mass,momentumandenergytransferprocessesbetweentheplasmagasandinjectedparticlesarethedominatmechwhsmswhichgovernthemixing,mov-ingandheating0fthematerialparticlesb…     

节能腐竹锅

腐竹是居民喜爱的食品。我国传统生产腐竹采用铸铁平园锅,进行开口式加热生产,存在锅底厚、传热慢,跑气多,耗煤量大,且劳动强度大,生产效率低,产品产量少,色泽差,品级低。有的厂家改用铝制品锅生产,但它存在抗压差,易受酸碱腐蚀,不耐用等缺点,特别是氧化铝渗入产品中对人体有毒。南昌一家食品机械厂生产一种不锈钢全密封结构压力蒸气节能锅生产腐竹,具有结构简单,操作方便,传热快,密封性能好,蒸气利用率高、抗压性强,耐酸碱腐蚀,无毒,耗煤量低,节能等特点,受到用户的欢迎。     

建立三门湾电力能源基地,为振兴浙江和华东经济服务

三门湾地处浙东沿海,亦即全国东海岸中段和华东沿海中心,北衔宁波,南近温州,湾内水深长期保持不变;东岸奇峰叠翠。绵延曲折,形成多个深水港汊嵌入内陆,西面天台山系蟠结耸峙,蜿蜒逶迤,舒展入海;湾外东海波涛汹涌,航程万里,湾内珠岛星罗棋布,平静如镜,气候温和,雨量充沛,山溪汇集,物产丰富,素有“浙东     

节能技术在水利工程设计中的应用

通过工程功能,供电方案,设备选择等方面,叙述水利工程设计中应用节能技术的经验,根据上海河道受潮汐影响大的特点,最大限度提高自排能力,以节制闸自排为主,减少水泵强排,合理规划排水模式,充分利用景观绿化和人工水面,增加河道蓄洪能力,科学调度,使城市排水功能所用电耗降到最低,选用10kV主水泵电动机直接联网运行,实现功率因数就地补偿,合理配置电力变压器,减少电能损耗,选择合适参数的节能与设计,节约电能。     

灾区饮水状况调查分析及解决办法

近年来,各国灾情不断,旱灾,洪涝,风雹,台风,山体滑坡,泥石流,地震,低温冷冻,雪灾等各类自然灾害均有发生,严重影响着人们的正常生活,灾区饮水一直以来是亟待解决的问题,为此对目前灾区饮水做了分析调查,并就此问题提出灾区饮水解决办法的设想,在此基础上,初步设想为灾区设计一款应急饮水器,功能上,可以将灾区的周边水源(如河流水、雨雪水等),过滤出符合国家规定饮用水标准的水,对结构,尺寸和色彩进行专门设计以符合灾民的使用需求。     

外水套冲天炉的设计与实践

我厂是生产气缸套产量较大厂家之一,年产缸套毛坯110万件,12000多吨,年铁屑量6000～7000吨,铁屑的回收以冷压块为主,自78年以来,铸工车间一直使用二台中央送风冲天炉,雨淋式外水冷,金属炉料中加入25～30％的冷压块。冷压块加火炉内,易碰碎或砸碎,碎铁屑在风力的作用下,吹向炉壁,在高温下烧结成一体,挂在炉胆下沿的炉壁上,如图1所示,严重时挂铁厚度达100～150mm,高1000～1500mm,使熔化率下降,架料、氧化次数增多,只好停产,清理挂铁,用电焊机割铁,要用许多焊条,既影响了生产,又浪费了材料,且雨淋式冲天炉由于冷却水量不均匀,造成炉衬侵蚀不同,侵蚀严重的部位,易造成挂     

运城市的环境现状及环境建设的思路

叙述了目前运城市环境质量状况较差,资源利用效率低下,污染物排放量增大,城镇乡村基础设施滞后的情况,提出,转变观念,宣传教育,搞好规划,调整结构,健全法制,完善政策,依靠科技,示范推广等解决环境问题的思路。     

8.9 L柴油机用高压油管的设计与研究

为了验证直列泵8．9L柴油机用高压油管的设计,采用模拟计算和发动机整机试验相结合的方法进行了研究开发。首先使用Pro／E完成高压油管结构设计、3D模型和整机布置,然后运用ANSYS对高压油管进行FEA模态分析,最后进行了发动机性能试验、油管应力测试和发动机耐久性试验。同时还建立了高压油管设计的标准化工作流程。结果表明:高压油管设计满足发动机欧-Ⅱ排放、整机性能、可靠性及整机布置等所有要求。     

Experimental and numerical study on the combustion limiting characteristics and design margin of a marine diesel engine

In this paper, a working-process simulation model was established, and the characteristics regarding the diesel engine maximum output power were analyzed under different limiting parameters. The design margin of the marine diesel engine is obtained through numerical and experimental study. Then, the simulation model and single cylinder diesel engine test were used to investigate the theoretical determination method of limiting characteristic lines and design margin area. It can be found that using least-square method to fit the calculation results can achieve quantitative analysis of limiting characteristics, and then the design margin area can be confirmed. The analysis results show that the maximum output power of the diesel engine is limited by in-cylinder pressure, turbine speed and exhaust temperature. The limiting parameters of maximum output power are different at different speeds, and the trend with speed of maximum output power are also different under different limiting parameters. Furthermore, the analysis of the operating area shows that the margin of the marine diesel engine at rated speed is about 27%, and there is a large design margin when operating at high speed.     

车用柴油机全工况热平衡试验研究

针对某型柴油机进行了全工况热平衡试验,通过对试验结果的分析计算,确定了该型发动机各工况热量分配关系,得到了不同工况下冷却水带走的热量,为智能化冷却系统的设计及控制优化提供了依据。     

内燃机振动声学特性的预测

本文提出了在设计的初始阶段预测柴油机结构传递特性和声辐射的方法.在确定发动机结构广义传递函数时,利用了发动机重量和外表面面积与基本参数之间的统计关系式.激励力谱由柴油机工作过程的数学模拟和谱分析得到,发动机结构噪声的声功率谱等于结构广义传递函数和激励力谱的迭加,预测精度对于设计初始阶段是可以接受的.     

380ZL柴油机增压器选配及优化

为一款处于设计阶段的三缸柴油机匹配合适的废气涡轮增压器并进行优化,以使发动机达到设计要求。使用AVL公司的boost软件计算出匹配所需增压器的参数,以此为依据选取宁波天力公司的JK48增压器与发动机匹配。但模拟结果未满足设计要求。因此,在原增压器基础上模拟调整压气机与涡轮机,模拟结果显示:发动机与调整后的增压器联合运行时能够满足设计要求。模拟调整压气机与涡轮机的方法可为增压器匹配工作提供快速、准确的指导。     

发动机可变长度进气歧管系统的优化设计研究

以发动机进气歧管长度、直径和不同长度的进气歧管切换的发动机转速等为设计变量,以发动机进气系统的充气效率、低速扭矩及其转速、最大扭矩及其转速和最大功率等为优化目标,应用发动机热力学和性能分析商用软件GT-POWER进行多目标优化仿真计算,确定优化设计方案;然后制作快速成型样件,通过试验验证计算结果,从而完成发动机可变进气歧管的优化设计。     

Impacts of low-pressure (LP) compressors’ fouling of a turbofan upon operational-effectiveness of a military aircraft

Some in-service deterioration in any mechanical device, such as an aircraft’s gas-turbine engine, is inevitable. However, its extent and rate depend upon the qualities of design and manufacture, as well as on the maintenance/repair practices followed by the users. As a result of experiencing deterioration (of the engine as a whole or any of its components individually), an engine will seek a different steady operating point relative to that for an engine with no deterioration. This results in changes in the available thrust from the engine(s) at the same TETs and/or rotational-speeds. Any reduction in the available thrust at specified engine settings, especially maximum available thrust from the engines, will have a significant adverse effect upon the aircraft’s operational-performance. These adverse effects can be reduced by having a better knowledge of the effects of each such deterioration on the aircraft’s operational-performance. Subsequently improvements can be made in the design and manufacture of adversely-affected components as well as in maintenance and repair practices.     

An analysis of beta type Stirling engine with rhombic drive mechanism

Stirling engine system is one of the options for electrifying a remote community not serviceable by the grid, which can operate on energy input in the form of heat. Major hurdle for the wide-spread usage of rhombic drive beta type Stirling engine is complexity of the drive and requirement of tight tolerances for its proper functioning. However, if the operating and geometrical constraints of the system are accounted for, different feasible design options can be identified. In the present work, various aspects that need to be considered at different decision making stages of the design and development of a Stirling engine are addressed. The proposed design methodology can generate and evaluate a range of possible design alternatives which can speed up the decision making process and also provide a clear understanding of the system design considerations. The present work is mainly about the design methodology for beta type Stirling engine and the optimization of phase angle, considering the effect of overlapping volume between compression and expansion spaces. It is also noticed that variation of compression space volume with phase angle remains sinusoidal for any phase difference. The aim of the present work is to find a feasible solution which should lead to a design of a single cylinder, beta type Stirling engine of 1.5 kW_e capacity for rural electrification.     

基于MATLAB和C++ Builder平台的发动机凸轮型线仿真设计方法研究

针对发动机凸轮型线设计开发中计算工作量大,参数优选过程复杂的问题,研究并开发了以 MATLAB作为数值计算引擎,C++ Builder作为应用程序混合编程的发动机凸轮型线设计平台,实现了凸轮型线设计过程中方便、快捷、计算精确的目标,对几种典型凸轮型线的设计应用表明,该系统均能满足各型线特征参数优选设计的要求,并已在产品设计开发中得到了实际应用.