非对称强非线性振动特征分析

提出了构造一类非线性振子解析逼近周期解的的初值变换法.用Ritz-Galerkin法,将描述动力系统的二阶常微分方程,化为以振幅、角频率和偏心距为独立变量的不完备非线性代数方程组;关键是考虑初值变换,增加补充方程,构成了以角频率、振幅和偏心距为变量的完备非线性代数方程组.作为例子利用初值变换法求解了相对论修正轨道方程的六种分岔周期解.给出了非对称振动的幅频曲线和偏频(偏心距与角频率的关系)曲线.发现了固有角频率漂移现象.     

基于中点提取的椭圆检测算法

针对Hough变换检测椭圆时存在运算速度慢、需要大量储存空间的问题,提出一种快速的随机椭圆检测算法。该算法随机采样2点并搜索第3点,再利用椭圆极径性质求出椭圆中心坐标,接着通过坐标变换得到简化的椭圆方程,解方程组求出椭圆剩下的参数。在证据收集确认候选椭圆时,只选取椭圆外切矩形内的边缘点,同时利用特殊的累积记录函数对候选椭圆参数进行进一步判别。实验结果表明,该算法具有检测速度快、精度高、抗椭圆部分缺失的能力强等优点。     

广义BBM方程的无穷序列新解

利用第二种椭圆方程的已知解与解的非线性叠加公式,构造了广义BBM方程的由Jacobi椭圆函数解、双曲函数和三角函数组成的无穷序列新解.     

功能梯度材料椭圆板的非线性热振动及屈曲

采用弹性理论建立了功能梯度材料板的静力平衡方程,利用静力平衡方程确定了功能梯度材料板的中性面位置,在此基础上推导出了功能梯度材料板在均匀温度场中的非线性振动及屈曲微分方程组,求得了功能梯度材料椭圆板的非线性振动及屈曲的近似解,讨论分析了中性面位置、梯度指数、温度等因素对功能梯度材料椭圆板非线性振动及屈曲的影响.把该方法计算结果与有限元计算结果进行了比较,验证了该方法的计算结果是可靠的.算例分析表明,中性面位置对均匀温度场中功能梯度材料椭圆板的非线性振动及屈曲有一定影响.     

线性逻辑方程组的解

软件设计和硬件设计中经常遇见用逻辑方程或逻辑方程组表示的数学模型,讨论这类数学模型的求解问题是非常必要的.给出了AX=0,AX=1,AX=B,AY=1(X中不含逻辑非变量,Y中含逻辑非变量)等类型的线性逻辑方程组有解,有惟一解的充分必要条件,讨论了解的个数并给出了求解公式或解集表示式,阐明了任何形式的逻辑方程或逻辑方程组都可转化为线性逻辑方程组求解,采用置换矩阵和极大项两种方法,系统全面地解决了线性逻辑方程组、一般逻辑方程和一般逻辑方程组的求解问题.     

含外力项时变系数KdV方程与时变系数耦合KdV方程组的孤子解

应用孤子拟解法研究了含外力项时变系数KdV方程与一类时变系数耦合KdV方程组.首先将方程经过变量代换转换为齐次方程,然后将孤子解假设为双曲正割函数的形式带入方程或方程组,最后借助Maple软件完成复杂的计算来确定假设的孤子解的待定系数,从而得到孤子解存在的条件及其孤子解.结果显示:孤子拟解法计算简便且能得到方程的亮孤子解.     

用于机器视觉系统设计的基于二次曲线的椭圆估计

研究了一种基于二次曲线的椭圆估计方法,该方法的主要优点是在进行椭圆中心点检测的时候,不用检测图像上单个椭圆的边界,而只计算图像上的梯度信息.利用椭圆的梯度信息计算椭圆上各点的切线方程,根据切线方程和椭圆的二次曲线性质解算出椭圆曲线的各个系数,根据这些系数就可以求得椭圆的中心点及其各个参数.并且通过引进形态学的图像处理方...     

结构方程模型的约束最小二乘解与确定性算法

研究了结构方程模型（SEM）的约束最小二乘解（CLS）,从分析SEM的观测方程组入手,发现了这个不定方程组的结构变量与观测变量必须满足的最小二乘关系,在对结构变量有固定模长参数约束的条件下,求出它的一组模长约束最小二乘解（MCLS）,MCLS可以作为求解结构方程组的偏最小二乘（PLS）迭代初值,在求得MCLS以后,在观测方程组中改变结构变量的模长,使得每个结构变量所对应的与观测变量的路径系数满足配方条件,是更为合理的约束,它可以保证结构变量与所辖的观测变量同质,尽管观测方程组是不定方程组,但是根据误差平方和最小以及对路径系数的配方约束,使得MCLS求解为合理的确定性算法,然后再对结构方程组直接求解,也是确定性算法,这就解决了结构方程模型求解的唯一性问题。     

不确定性问题中逻辑关系方程的置换矩阵解法

本文给出了在不确定性问题中逻辑关系方程有解 ,有唯一解的充分必要条件 ,并把求解逻辑关系方程的问题转化为求解一些系数矩阵是置换矩阵的逻辑方程组问题 ,从而给出一种求解逻辑关系方程的新算法     

人为解方法及其在流体力学程序验证中的应用

针对求解流体力学方程组的高维程序的验证,给出人为构造解方法准则及验证流程,并针对流体力学方程组构造一类光滑人为解.此类人为解的特点是质量守恒方程和能量守恒方程的源项为零,对高维计算程序可以方便地检验数值算法实现过程的缺陷、误差,能严格验证程序的正确性.并将此类人为解应用到二维流体力学PPM程序,进行网格收敛指标验证表明该类人为解能有效地验证程序的正确性.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。