A functionalist approach to landscape preference

The Endless Village

The wildlife of Birmingham, Dudley, Sandwell, Walsall and Wolverhampton by W. G. Teagle Published by Nature Conservancy Council, West Midlands Region, Attingham Park, Shrewsbury (1978).

After the Elm ...

Edited by Brian Clouston and Kathy Stansfield Heinemann 1979 (pp. 186 illus) £7.50

The Assessment of Ecological and Recreational Resources at the Regional and National Scales

An account of the meeting of the Recreation Ecology Research Group held at the Battleby Centre, Redgorton, Perth, March 31 – April 2nd 1978

Nature in Cities

(a collection of 18 papers) Edited by Ian C Laurie John Wiley, London 1978 (pp. 428. Illus) £17.50     

Integration of augmented reality and GIS: A new approach to realistic landscape visualisation

This paper describes the development of a photo-realistic visualisation method which uses the combination of a geographic information system (GIS) with off-line augmented reality (AR) techniques. The technique makes a linkage between GIS-based modelling and realistic panoramic video frames to dynamically augment a landscape view with modelled temporal changes. By using real object textures, computer-generated objects can be well matched to background frames and become hardly detectable as computer objects. The technique has been tested with data from an area in northeast Victoria, Australia and has successfully represented the dynamic spread of weeds (blackberries) and their effects on landscape over a period of 14 years. The proposed approach has the potential to improve the communication between policy makers and non-experts and to improve decision-making process. Extensions to other model types and to real-time usage are envisaged.     

A new approach to rock slope stability – a probability classification (SSPC)

The newly developed system presented in this paper is based on a three-step approach and on the probabilistic assessment of independently different failure mechanisms in a slope. First, the scheme classifies rock mass parameters in one or more exposures and allowance is made for weathering and excavation disturbance. This gives values for the parameters of importance to the mechanical behaviour of a slope in an imaginary, unweathered and undisturbed 'reference' rock mass. The third step is the assessment of the stability of the existing slope or any new slope in the reference rock mass, taking into account both method of excavation and future weathering. From the large quantity of data obtained in the field, the Slope Stability Probability Classification (SSPC) system has been proposed, based on the probabilities of different failure mechanisms occurring. Developed during 4 years of research in Falset, Tarragona province, Spain, it has been used with good results in Austria, South Africa, New Zealand and the Dutch Antilles.     

A new classification approach for prediction of flyrock throw in surface mines

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment - A novel classification approach was proposed for prediction of flyrock throw distance based on the site measurements performed in a sandstone...     

Restructuring the post-industrial landscape: A multifunctional approach

Using the example of the Dearne Valley in South Yorkshire, England, a notion of multifunctionality, and its potential to be utilized in post-industrial regeneration is explored. Multifunctionality is defined as an integration of different functions within the same or overlapping land unit, at the same or overlapping in time, and is a framework whereby a holistic view of a landscape can be examined. The multi-criteria analysis approach to mapping potential in the landscape highlights the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in this part of post-industrial England. The graphical format enables the elements of the landscape to be identified and this offers potential for a basis of consultation in the process of regeneration. By examining the place of post-industrial sites in the context of the landscape in which they are situated will enable their potential to be realized, rather than viewing them as individual problems. The paper concludes by examining how a concept of multifunctionality can address some of the shortcomings in the current regeneration delivery environment, and suggests that this approach may bring about post-industrial landscapes that are not only new, but better.     

Restructuring the post-industrial landscape: A multifunctional approach

Using the example of the Dearne Valley in South Yorkshire, England, a notion of multifunctionality, and its potential to be utilized in post-industrial regeneration is explored. Multifunctionality is defined as an integration of different functions within the same or overlapping land unit, at the same or overlapping in time, and is a framework whereby a holistic view of a landscape can be examined. The multi-criteria analysis approach to mapping potential in the landscape highlights the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in this part of post-industrial England. The graphical format enables the elements of the landscape to be identified and this offers potential for a basis of consultation in the process of regeneration. By examining the place of post-industrial sites in the context of the landscape in which they are situated will enable their potential to be realized, rather than viewing them as individual problems. The paper concludes by examining how a concept of multifunctionality can address some of the shortcomings in the current regeneration delivery environment, and suggests that this approach may bring about post-industrial landscapes that are not only new, but better.     

A new publication from the landscape research group

Charles Bridgeman and the English Landscape Garden

by Peter Willis 1977

£50 Studies in Architecture XVII A Zwemmer Ltd

Alexander Pope and the Arts of Georgian England by Morris R Brownell 1978

£16 Oxford University Press

A WORLD WITH A VIEW ‐

An Inquiry into the Nature of Scenic Values

pp 196 (illus.) $15.00

MAPPING MOORLAND CHANGE ‐

A framework for land use decisions in the Peak District.

M. L. Parry: Peak District National Park. 1977     

Perceptual classification for landscape planning

Mined land rehabilitation is one of the most important alternatives offered in response to the need to protect and maintain the integrity of the surface landscape. Technology alone cannot solve the problem; it can only alleviate the problem temporarily. We presently operate under a vaguely defined and only partially workable environmental ethic where mined lands are concerned. For the moment we must direct our research towards the goals of modifying the method and manner by which mining activities influence our environment. Our best rehabilitation efforts rely heavily on the reintroduction of vegetation so as to reestablish the processes of self‐repair (succession) and self‐adjustment (species tolerance to environmental stress) on the site itself.     

分类VS应用——建筑景观场所构建研究

基于当代风景园林不断创造与精细化设计的理论,从性质和功能两方面对建筑景观进行了分类,详细介绍了各个建筑景观的特点及适用场所,以此来引导建筑景观场所构建的具体化、人文化和标识化。     

Multifactorial fuzzy approach to the sawability classification of building stones

The performances of circular sawing with diamond impregnated tools were evaluated in stone processing plants located in some areas of Turkey. Samples were collected from these factories for the laboratory tests. Uniaxial compressive strength, tensile strength, Schmidt hammer value, point load strength, impact strength, Los Angeles abrasion loss and P-wave velocity were determined in the laboratory. Performance measurements and stone properties were evaluated by using the multifactorial fuzzy approach which is a special case of multiple objective multifactorial decision making for the sawability classification of building stones. Using three different decision functions, the sawing performances of diamond saws were classified into three categories: excellent, good and poor. It is possible to evaluate the sawability and select a suitable diamond saw for a new building stone by only some stone properties testing using the developed fuzzy classification system.     

Corporate manslaughter: the new landscape

The new Bill on Corporate Manslaughter is designed to criminalise management's gross disregard for health and safety. It is therefore important for every organisation that falls within the scope of the draft bill to audit its safety management system as a matter of priority , and to take immediate steps to ensure its systems for managing health and safety are effective and encourage the development of a positive safety culture.     

A new approach to determine the base shear of steel frame structures

Base shear (V) is the maximum lateral force that will occur due to seismic ground motion at the base of a structure. Calculations of base shear depend on a lot of factors such as soil conditions, level of ductility, fundamental period of vibration of the structure, etc. A great number of methodologies have been developed to determine the dynamic responses of individual frameworks. However, there is no well established empirical solution of the dynamic response of the problem due to the base shear of the steel frames. In this study, a formulation based on NN to determine the dynamic response of both braced and unbraced plane steel frames are provided. The presented formulation is a function of number of stories (ns), bays of the frames (nb), and soil types (Z). The training and testing patterns of the proposed NN formulation are obtained from linear Finite Element Analysis (FEA) solution. The NN-based formulation results are compared with the results obtained from numerical and some current design codes. The NN- based formulation results are found to be more accurate.     

A practical approach to new technology in local government

Despite the opportunities for increased efficiency and cost savings offered by recent technological developments, many local governments have failed to capitalize on such advances. In the USA, some local governments have joined together in loose associations to share their experiences with new technologies and to develop strategies to take full advantage of developments in information and other technologies. The Virginia Innovation Group is one such group and represents a systematic effort to help local governments fulfil their potential as creative environments for aggressive adaptation of available technologies. As a result, the Virginia Innovation Group and its related groups should serve as a useful example to local governments elsewhere.     

A new approach to evaluating the toxicity and genotoxicity of disinfected drinking water

The aim of this study was to evaluate the formation of toxic and genotoxic compounds in surface drinking waters treated with two widely used disinfectants, sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and chlorine dioxide (ClO(2)), and a new disinfectant, peracetic acid (PAA). For this purpose a pilot plant was set up to add these biocides continuously to pre-filtered lake water flowing into three different basins. During three seasonal experiments, short-term in vivo tests (with plant, fish and molluscs) and in vitro tests (with bacteria, yeast and human cells) were carried out to evaluate the formation of genotoxic disinfection by-products (DBPs). Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was used to identify DBPs produced during the different treatments, microbiological analyses were performed to test the biocidal activity of the disinfectants, and chemical analyses were carried out to evaluate the quality of the water. The pilot drinking water plant under study was useful in studying the toxicity and genotoxicity of disinfected drinking water with this combined chemical/biotoxicological approach. This paper describes the setting up of the pilot plant and sets out/reports the results of the microbiological and chemical analyses.