Low operating-voltage and high power-efficiency OLED employing MoO3-doped CuPc as hole injection layer

Effects of doping molybdenum oxide (MoO₃) in copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) as hole injection layer in OLEDs are studied. A green OLED with structure of ITO/MoO₃-doped CuPc/NPB/10-(2-benzothiazolyl)-2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1,1,7,7-tetramethyl-1H,5H, 11H-(1)-benzopyropyrano(6,7,8-i,j) quinolizin-11-one (C545T): tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (Alq₃)/Alq₃/LiF/Al shows the driving voltage of 4.4 V, and power efficiency of 4.3 lm/W at luminance of 100 cd/m². The charge transfer complex between CuPc and MoO₃ plays a decisive role in improving the performance of OLEDs. The AFM characterization shows that the doped film owns a better smooth surface, which is also in good agreement with the electrical performance of OLEDs.     

White organic light-emitting diodes with improved performance using phosphorescent sensitizer and ultrathin fluorescent emitter

White organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) have been fabricated by using a novel phosphor of bis(1,2-dipheny1-1H-benzoimidazole) iridium (acetylacetonate) [(pbi)₂Ir(acac)] as a sensitizer doped into a carbazole polymer of poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK), and a fluorescent dye of 4-(dicyanomethylene)-2-t-butyl-6-(1,1,7,7-tetramethyljulolidyl-9-enyl)-4H-pyran(DCJTB) as an ultrathin red light-emitting layer. By characterizing the UV–Vis absorption spectra, photoluminescence (PL) spectra of (pbi)₂Ir(acac) and DCJTB, and the electroluminescence (EL) properties of the WOLEDs, the effect of ultrathin fluorescent light-emitting layer on the injection and transport characteristics of charge carrier and EL performance of WOLEDs was investigated. The results demonstrated that the device has stable EL spectra and Commissions Internationale de 1’Eclairage (CIE) coordinates in a wide bias range. Both energy transfer and charge trapping play the role on the performance of WOLEDs, and the device luminance was enhanced significantly with a maximum luminance of 9260 cd/m², which is about 70% higher than the codoped device.     

Novel carbazole/anthracene hybrids for efficient blue organic light-emitting diodes

Two novel carbazole/anthracene hybrided molecules, namely 2-(anthracen-9-yl)-9-ethyl-9H-carbazole (AnCz) and 2,7-di(anthracen-9-yl)-9-ethyl-9H-carbazole (2AnCz), were designed and synthesized via palladium catalyzed coupling reaction. The anthracene was attached either at the 2-site (AnCz) or at both 2,7-sites (2AnCz) of the central carbazole core to tune the conjugation state and the optoelectronic properties of the resultant molecules. Both of them show good solubility in common organic solvents. They also possess relatively high HOMO levels (−5.39 eV, −5.40 eV) that would facilitate efficient hole injection and be favorable for high power efficiencies when used in organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs). AnCz and 2AnCz were used as non-doped emitter to fabricate OLEDs by vacuum evaporation. Good performance was achieved with maximum luminance efficiency of 2.61 cd A⁻¹ and CIE coordinates of (0.15, 0.12) for AnCz, and 9.52 cd A⁻¹ and (0.22, 0.37) for 2AnCz.     

Blue electroluminescent materials based on phenylanthracene-substituted fluorene derivatives for organic light-emitting diodes

Two phenylanthracene-substituted fluorene derivatives, 10-(9,9′-dimethyl-2-(10-phenylanthracen-9-yl)-9H-fluoren-7-yl)-phenylanthracene (1) and 2′,7′-di-(10-phenylanthracen-9-yl)-9,9′-spirobi[9H-fluorene] (2) have been designed, synthesized, and characterized. A device using compound 1 as an emitting material exhibited luminous efficiency, power efficiency, external quantum efficiency and CIE coordinates of 3.37 cd/A, 1.50 lm/W, 1.87% at 20 mA/cm² and (0.18, 0.25) at 7 V, respectively. Furthermore, by exploiting this efficient blue fluorescent material as a blue emitting material with the combination of red phosphorescent bis(2-phenylquinoline)acetylacetonate [(pq)₂Ir(acac)], an efficient white OLED (WOLED) with a external quantum efficiency of 1.70%, luminous efficiency of 1.38 cd/A, power efficiency of 0.94 lm/W at 20 mA/cm² and the color coordinates of (0.33, 0.36) at 14 V is demonstrated.     

A simple band ratio technique to quantify the colored dissolved and detrital organic material from ocean color remotely sensed data

Spectral reflectances of the ocean, R, as derived from ocean color remote sensing data at four wavelengths (412, 443, 490, and 555 nm), can be used to form two ratios of spectral reflectance, namely R(412)/R(443), and R(490)/R(555), thereafter denoted R₄₄₃⁴¹² and R₅₅₅⁴⁹⁰. The former is mainly sensitive to the colored dissolved organic material (CDOM), albeit influenced by the algal content as depicted by the chlorophyll concentration, ([Chl]); in contrast, the latter is essentially depending on [Chl], although it is also influenced by CDOM. Therefore the signatures of CDOM and [Chl] which are not truly separable, can nevertheless be identified by considering simultaneously the two ratios. The concomitant variations in these ratios can be established via a bio-optical model developed for Case 1 waters. This model implicitly includes a “mean” relationship between CDOM and [Chl], and thus produces a unique curve relating R₄₄₃⁴¹² to R₅₅₅⁴⁹⁰. Deviations with respect to this mean relationship can be introduced through a factor Φ, with Φ > 1 (excess) or < 1 (deficit), applied to the CDOM-[Chl] ratio. A family of R₄₄₃⁴¹²-R₅₅₅⁴⁹⁰ curves is thus generated, in correspondence with the discrete values given to Φ; this “grid” (or numerically, a 2-D lookup table) allows the Φ-[Chl] couple to be unambiguously derived for any R₄₄₃⁴¹²-R₅₅₅⁴⁹⁰ couple. By applying this straightforward algorithm to actual reflectance ratios derived from ocean color imagery, the relative anomalies in CDOM with respect to its standard (Chl-related) values can be efficiently assessed. Within the global ocean (discarding the coastal zones), the Φ factor is widely varying, between at least ? and 3, and is roughly log-normally distributed around ~ 1 (no anomaly). The spatial distributions of the Φ factor in the whole ocean are strongly featured according to latitude, season, and hydrographic regimes, and these features are regularly reproducible, from year to year (2002-2007). This simple method is also validated against available in situ data, and its results compare favorably, for instance, to those of the GSM (Garver-Siegel-Maritorena) inversion method, in terms of retrieved CDOM concentrations and distribution patterns.     

Doping effect of Ir(ppy)3 on white-light electrophosphorescent devices based on platinum(II) [1,3-difluoro-4,6-di(2-pyridinyl)benzene] chloride

Phosphorescent white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) based on single doped platinum(II) [1,3-difluoro-4,6-di(2-pyridinyl)benzene] chloride (Pt-4) emission layers were investigated in this paper. The devices exhibited electroluminescence spectra composed of bluish (λ_max = 480 nm) and reddish (λ_max = 660 nm) emission bands, which corresponding to monomer and excimer emission originated from Pt-4 dopants. With optimized device structures, a maximum current efficiency of 11.5 cd/A was obtained and remained above 10 cd/A even the brightness was over 6000 cd/m². Furthermore, by integrating the fac-tris(2-phenylpyridine) iridium(III) as a complementary emitter and an additional 2,2′,2″-(1,3,5-phenylene)-tris(1-phenyl-1H-benzimidazole) space layer, the device efficiency was further improved, which exhibited a maximum current efficiency of 20.4 cd/A at the luminance of 100 cd/m², and maintained the mild efficiency roll-off that similar to its single Pt-4 doped counterpart.     

Per-6-ammonium-β-cyclodextrin/p-nitrophenol complex as a colorimetric sensor for phosphate and pyrophosphate anions in water

Using per-6-ammonium-β-cyclodextrin (per-6-NH₃⁺-β-CD) as an anion binding site and p-nitrophenol as a spectroscopic probe, a colorimetric sensor is developed for phosphate and pyrophosphate anions in water. Per-6-NH₃⁺-β-CD forms a 1:2 inclusion complex with p-nitrophenol as characterized by NOESY and ESI-MS spectra and it undergoes a distinct color change from colorless to intense yellow upon exposure to phosphate or pyrophosphate anions over other anions including perchlorate, ATP²⁻, ADP²⁻ and AMP²⁻. The seven ammonium groups of 1, bind phosphate (characterized by ESI-MS) or pyrophosphate anions specifically by electrostatic interaction. This naked eye sensing is significant for very low concentration (5 × 10⁻⁵ M) of anion with 1:2 ratio of host and guest.     

A new long-lasting phosphor Zr and Eu co-doped SrMg2(PO4)2

Zr⁴⁺- and Eu³⁺-codoped SrMg₂(PO₄)₂ phosphors were prepared by conventional solid-state reaction. Under the excitation of ultraviolet light, the emission spectra of Sr_0.95Eu_0.05Mg_2−2xZr_2xP₂O₈ (x = 0.0005-0.07) are composed of a broad emission band peaking at 500 nm from Zr⁴⁺-emission and the characteristic emission lines from the ⁵D₀ → ⁷F_J (J = 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4) transitions of Eu³⁺ ions. These phosphors show the long-lasting phosphorescence. The emission color varies from red to white with increasing Zr⁴⁺-content. The white-light emission is realized in single-phase phosphor of Sr_0.95Eu_0.05Mg_2−2xZr_2xP₂O₈ (x = 0.07) by combining the Zr⁴⁺- and Eu³⁺-emission. The duration of the persistent luminescence of Sr_0.95Eu_0.05Mg_2−2xZr_2xP₂O₈ (x = 0.07) reaches nearly 1.5 h. The time at which the long-lasting phosphorescence intensity is 50% of its original value (T_0.5) is 410 s. The afterglow decay curves and the thermoluminescence spectra were measured to discuss this long-lasting phosphorescence phenomenon. The co-doped Zr⁴⁺ ions act as both the luminescence centers and trap-creating ions.     

Electrical conductivity dependence of Ni doped Sm0.95Ce0.05FeO3−δ on surface morphology and composition

Sm_0.95Ce_0.05Fe_1−xNi_xO_3−δ materials are considered as candidates for sensing reducing gases. The total electrical conductivity of Ni doped Sm_0.95Ce_0.05FeO_3−δ perovskite materials is discussed in terms of Ni concentration, surface morphology and relative surface atomic ratios. Powders of formula Sm_0.95Ce_0.05Fe_1−xNi_xO_3−δ (x = 0-0.10) were prepared from citrate precursors by using a sol gel method and were then pressed uniaxially and sintered at 1350 °C for 4 h to form pellets. In fresh pellets the relative surface atomic ratios of Sm and Ni increased while that of Fe and Ce decreased as a function of nickel concentration, showing the segregation of samarium species. In contrast, the chemically reduced pellets show Fe rich surfaces. The electrical conductivity of fresh, partially reduced (700 °C under 5% (v/v) H₂/N₂ for 1 h) and fully reduced (1000 °C under 5% (v/v) H₂/N₂ for 1 h) pellets was measured by the four probe DC method.Under air, x = 0.07 and x = 0.10 showed the highest electrical conductivity in the series. Interestingly the x = 0.01-0.05 materials were n-type conductors while x = 0.07-0.10 exhibited p-type behaviour. The reduction treatment at 1000 °C enhanced electrical conductivities up to ∼5000 fold due to changes associated with surface morphology and surface elemental composition. While phase separations are usually detrimental, in this case the reduced sensors are more sensitive without sacrificing reproducibility.     

On conditional diagnosability of the folded hypercubes

The n-dimensional folded hypercube FQ_n, a variation of the hypercube proposed by Ahmed et al. [A. El-Amawy, S. Latifi, Properties and performance of folded hypercubes, IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems 2(3) (1991) 31-42], is an (n + 1)-regular (n + 1)-connected graph. Conditional diagnosability, a new measure of diagnosability introduced by Lai et al. [Pao-Lien Lai, Jimmy J.M. Tan, Chien-Ping Chuang, Lih-Hsing Hsu, Conditional diagnosability measures for large multiprocessor systems, IEEE Transactions on Computers 54(2) (2005) 165-175] can better measure the diagnosability of regular interconnection networks. This paper determines that under PMC-model the conditional diagnosability of FQ_n (t_c(FQ_n)) is 4n − 3 when n = 5 or n ? 8; t_c(FQ₃) = 3, t_c(FQ₄) = 7.     

Nano particulate SnO2 based resistive films as a hydrogen and acetone vapour sensor

SnCl₂ (solution) was spin coated on soda lime glass and Al₂O₃ substrate to obtain nano-particulate tin oxide film, directly by sintering at 550 °C for 40 minutes (min). The surface morphology and crystal structure of the tin oxide films were analyzed using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The size of SnO₂ nanostructure was determined from UV-vis and found to be ?3 nm. These films were tested for sensing H₂ concentration of 0.1-1000 ppm at optimized operating temperature of 265 °C. The results showed that sensitivity (R_air/R_gas per ppm) goes on increasing with decreasing concentration of test gas, giving concentration dependent changes. Special studies carried out at low concentration levels (0.1-1 and 1-10 ppm) of H₂, give high sensitivity (200 × 10⁻³/ppm) for lowest concentration (0.1-1 ppm) of H₂. The selectivity for H₂ against relative humidity (RH), CO₂, CO and LPG gases is also good. The sensor, at operating temperature of 200 °C, is showing nearly zero response to 300 ppm of H₂, and offering response to acetone vapour of 11 ppm. Selectivity for acetone against RH% and CO₂ was also studied. These sensors can be used as H₂ sensor at an operating temperature of 265 °C, and as an acetone sensor at the operating temperature of 200 °C.     

High‐efficiency p‐i‐n organic light‐emitting diodes with long lifetime

Abstract— High‐performance organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) are promoting future applications of solid‐state lighting and flat‐panel displays. We demonstrate here that the performance demands for OLEDs are met by the PIN (p‐doped hole‐transport layer/intrinsically conductive emission layer/n‐doped electron‐transport layer) approach. This approach enables high current efficiency, low driving voltage, as well as long OLED lifetimes. Data on very‐high‐efficiency diodes (power efficiencies exceeding 70 lm/W) incorporating a double‐emission layer, comprised of two bipolar layers doped with tris(phenylpyridine)iridium [Ir(ppy)₃], into the PIN architecture are shown. Lifetimes of more than 220,000 hours at a brightness of 150 cd/m² are reported for a red PIN diode. The PIN approach further allows the integration of highly efficient top‐emitting diodes on a wide range of substrates. This is an important factor, especially for display applications where the compatibility of PIN OLEDs with various kinds of substrates is a key advantage. The PIN concept is very compatible with different backplanes, including passive‐matrix substrates as well as active‐matrix substrates on low‐temperature polysilicon (LTPS) or, in particular, amorphous silicon (a‐Si).     

A parallel routing algorithm on circulant networks employing the Hamiltonian circuit latin square

Double-loop [J. Bermond, F. Comellas, D. Hsu, Distributed Loop Computer Networks: A Survey, J. Parallel and Distributed Computing, Academic Press, 24 (1995) 2-10] and 2-circulant networks (2-CN) [J. Park, Cycle Embedding of Faulty Recursive Circulants, J. of Korea Info. Sci. Soc. 31 (2) (2004) 86-94] are widely used in the design and implementation of local area networks and parallel processing architectures. In this paper, we investigate the routing of a message on circulant networks, that is a key to the performance of this network. We would like to transmit 2k packets from a source node to a destination node simultaneously along paths on G(n; ±s₁, ±s₂, … , ±s_k), where the ith packet traverses along the ith path (1 ? i ? 2k). In order for all packets to arrive at the destination node quickly and securely, the ith path must be node-disjoint from all other paths. For construction of these paths, employing the Hamiltonian circuit latin square (HCLS), a special class of (n × n) matrices, we present O(n²) parallel routing algorithm on circulant networks.     

The vegetation cycle in West Africa from AVHRR-NDVI data: Horizons of predictability versus spatial scales

The predictability of the vegetation cycle is analyzed as a function of the spatial scale over West Africa during the period 1982-2004. The NDVI-AVHRR satellite data time series are spatially aggregated over windows covering a range of sizes from 8 × 8 km² to 1024 × 1024 km². The times series are then embedded in a low-dimensional pseudo-phase space using a system of time delayed coordinates. The correlation dimension (D_c) and entropy of the underlying vegetation dynamics, as well as the noise level (σ) are extracted from a nonlinear analysis of the time series. The horizon of predictability (H_P) of the vegetation cycle defined as the time interval required for an n% RMS error on the vegetation state to double (i.e. reach 2n% RMS) is estimated from the entropy production. Compared to full resolution, the intermediate scales of aggregation (in the range of 64 × 64 km² to 256 × 256 km²) provide times series with a slightly improved signal to noise ratio, longer horizon of predictability (about 2 to 5 decades) and preserve the most salient spatial patterns of the vegetation cycle. Insights on the best aggregation scale and on the expected vegetation cycle predictability over West Africa are provided by a set of maps of the correlation dimension (D_c), the horizon of predictability (H_P) and the level of noise (σ).     

Embedding meshes into twisted-cubes

The n-dimensional twisted-cube, TN_n, is a variation of the hypercube. In this paper, we study embedding of meshes into TN_n. We prove three major results in this paper: (1) For any integer n ? 1, a 2 × 2ⁿ⁻¹ mesh can be embedded into TN_n with dilation 1 and expansion 1. (2) For any integer n ? 4, an m × k(m ? 3, k ? 3) mesh cannot be embedded into TN_n with dilation 1. (3) For any integer n ? 4, two node-disjoint 4 × 2ⁿ⁻³ meshes can be embedded into TN_n with dilation 2 and expansion 1.     

Disentangling the relationships between plant pigments and the photochemical reflectance index reveals a new approach for remote estimation of carotenoid content

The Photochemical Reflectance Index (PRI) is used as an indicator of leaf and plant canopy photosynthetic efficiency. However, the photosynthetic efficiency-PRI relationship has been shown to be inconsistent over time, likely due to changes in foliar pigment content.We measured reflectance spectra and biochemical properties from 24 leaves of two deciduous tree species and acquired pigment and reflectance data from the Leaf Optical Properties EXperiment database for an additional nine species. These data were used as inputs for the PROSPECT-5 leaf optical model. We found measurements of PRI to be significantly (p < 0.05) correlated with chlorophyll content, carotenoid content, and the carotenoid/chlorophyll ratio. However, only the PRI-carotenoid/chlorophyll ratio relationship was consistent across all analyses. Two predictive equations were derived from PROSPECT-5 simulations: a curvilinear PRI model (PRI(clm)) predicted the carotenoid/chlorophyll ratio (r² = 0.99), and a linear model using the chlorophyll index (CI(lm)) predicted chlorophyll content (r² = 0.98). Multiplying PRI(clm) with CI(lm) canceled the influence of chlorophyll content on PRI(clm) and thus allowed for prediction of carotenoid content from 11 deciduous tree species (r² = 0.83). Our results confirm that the PRI is significantly influenced by chlorophyll and carotenoid pools and demonstrate a new approach for non-destructive estimation of leaf carotenoid content using the PRI. Because variation in foliar physiological status is known to relate to leaf carotenoid content and the carotenoid/chlorophyll ratio, convolving the PRI with a chlorophyll index is likely to be useful for understanding the photosynthetic performance of deciduous vegetation across a wide range of temporal periods, ranging from daily to seasonal time scales.     

Effect of electron transport layer engineering based on blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes

A main requirement for achieving high efficiency in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) is that all charges and electrically generated excitons should be employed for emission. We fabricated blue phosphorescent OLEDs with four types electron transporting layers, which were doped with lithium quinolate (Liq) from 0% to 10%. A series of blue devices consisted of indium tin oxide (ITO, 180 nm)/4,4-bis[N-(naphthyl)-N-phenyl-amino]biphenyl (NPB, 50 nm)/N,N′-dicarbazolyl-3,5-benzene (mCP, 10 nm)/iridium(III)bis[(4,6-di-fluoropheny)-pyridinato-N,C²] picolinate (FIrpic) doped in mCP (8%, 30 nm)/1,3,5-tris(N-phenylbenzimidazole-2-yl)benzene (TPBi, 20 nm)/TPBi mixed with Liq (20 nm)/Liq (2 nm)/aluminum (Al, 100 nm). The blue OLED doped with 5% Liq, which demonstrated a maximum luminous efficiency and external quantum efficiency of 17.64 cd/A and 8.78%, respectively, were found to be superior to the other blue devices.     

High performance polymer actuator based on carbon nanotube-ionic liquid gel: Effect of ionic liquid

In this study, we investigated a dependence of anionic species of ionic liquids (ILs) (IL: perfluoroalkyltrifluoroborate anions ([C_nF_2n+1BF₃]⁻ (n = 0, 1, 2) and bis(perfluoroalkylsulfonyl)imide anions ([(C_mF_2m+1SO₂)(C_nF_2n+1SO₂)N]⁻ (m, n = 0, 1, 2)) on electrochemical and electromechanical properties. 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium (EMI⁺) was selected as a cation for ILs. 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethyltrifluoroborate (EMI[CF₃BF₃]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium pentafluoroethyltrifluoroborate (EMI[CF₃CF₂BF₃]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium fluorosulfonyl(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (EMI[FTA]) and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium pentafluoroethylsulfonyl(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (EMI[C₁C₂]) were synthesized according to the literatures. The generated strains of the bucky-gel electrodes of the actuators containing EMI[CF₃BF₃] (in the high frequency range: 10-0.5 Hz) and EMI[CF₃CF₂BF₃] (in the high frequency range of 1-0.5 Hz) are larger than that containing EMI[BF₄] (that is to say the quick response). For low frequencies (0.1-0.005 Hz), the generated strain containing EMI[CF₃CF₂BF₃] was larger than those containing other ILs (EMI[C_nF_2n+1BF₃] (n = 0, 1) and EMI[(C_mF_2m+1SO₂)(C_nF_2n+1SO₂)N] (m, n = 0, 1, 2)). The Young's modulus of actuators containing EMI[CF₃BF₃] and EMI[CF₃CF₂BF₃] were 145 and 110 MPa, respectively. The melting points of EMI[CF₃BF₃] and EMI[CF₃CF₂BF₃] are lower than that of EMI[BF₄].Therefore, trifluoromethyltrifluoroborate ([CF₃BF₃]⁻) and pentafluoroethyltrifluoroborate ([CF₃CF₂BF₃]⁻) anions performed much better as the actuator using the polymer-supported bucky-gel electrode containing the IL. These results are considered to be the actuator enough to apply actual applications (e.g. tactile display).     

Embedding meshes into locally twisted cubes

As a newly introduced interconnection network for parallel computing, the locally twisted cube possesses many desirable properties. In this paper, mesh embeddings in locally twisted cubes are studied. Let LTQ_n(V, E) denote the n-dimensional locally twisted cube. We present three major results in this paper: (1) For any integer n ? 1, a 2 × 2ⁿ⁻¹ mesh can be embedded in LTQ_n with dilation 1 and expansion 1. (2) For any integer n ? 4, two node-disjoint 4 × 2ⁿ⁻³ meshes can be embedded in LTQ_n with dilation 1 and expansion 2. (3) For any integer n ? 3, a 4  × (2ⁿ⁻² − 1) mesh can be embedded in LTQ_n with dilation 2. The first two results are optimal in the sense that the dilations of all embeddings are 1. The embedding of the 2 × 2ⁿ⁻¹ mesh is also optimal in terms of expansion. We also present the analysis of 2p × 2q mesh embedding in locally twisted cubes.     

Pharmacokinetics of insulin lispro in type 2 diabetes during closed-loop insulin delivery

Insulin pharmacokinetics is not well understood during continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion in type 2 diabetes (T2D). We analyzed data collected in 11 subjects with T2D [6 male, 9 white European and two of Indian ethnicity; age 59.7(12.1) years, BMI 30.1(3.9) kg/m², fasting C-peptide 1002.2(365.8) pmol/l, fasting plasma glucose 9.6(2.2) mmol/l, diabetes duration 8.0(6.2) years and HbA1c 8.3(0.8)%; mean(SD)] who underwent a 24-h study investigating closed-loop insulin delivery at the Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility, Cambridge, UK. Subcutaneous delivery of insulin lispro was modulated every 15 min according to a model predictive control algorithm. Two complementary insulin assays facilitated discrimination between exogenous (lispro) and endogenous plasma insulin concentrations measured every 15–60 min. Lispro pharmacokinetics was represented by a linear two-compartment model whilst parameters were estimated using a Bayesian approach applying a closed-form model solution. The time-to-peak of lispro absorption (t_max) was 109.6 (75.5–120.5) min [median (interquartile range)] and the metabolic clearance rate (MCR_I) 1.26 (0.87–1.56) × 10⁻² l/kg/min. MCR_I was negatively correlated with fasting C-peptide (r_s = −0.84; P = .001) and with fasting plasma insulin concentration (r_s = −0.79; P = .004). In conclusion, compartmental modelling adequately represents lispro kinetics during continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion in T2D. Fasting plasma C-peptide or fasting insulin may be predictive of lispro metabolic clearance rate in T2D but further investigations are warranted.