热环境下功能梯度材料板的自由振动和动力响应

基于Reddy高阶剪切变形理论和广义Kármán型方程,用双重Fourier级数展开法求得了四边简支功能梯度材料板的自由振动及动力响应的解析解,分析中考虑了热传导以及组分材料热物参数对温度变化的依赖性,讨论了材料组分指数和热环境对固有频率及动力响应的影响。     

Nonlinear dynamic response of laminated plates resting on nonlinear elastic foundations by the discrete singular convolution-differential quadrature coupled approaches

In this paper, nonlinear dynamic response of rectangular laminated composite plate resting on nonlinear Pasternak type elastic foundations is investigated. First-order shear deformation theory (FSDT) is used for modeling of moderately thick plates. The plate formulation is based on the von Karman nonlinear equation. The resulting nonlinear governing equations for transient analysis of laminated plates on elastic foundation are integrated using the discrete singular convolution-differential quadrature coupled approaches. The nonlinear governing equations of motion of plate are discretized in space and time domains using the discrete singular convolution and the differential quadrature methods, respectively. The validity of the present method is demonstrated by comparing the present results with those available in the open literature. The effects of the foundation parameters, boundary conditions and geometric parameters of plates on nonlinear dynamic response of laminated thick plates are investigated.     

Hygrothermal effects on the bending of angle-ply composite plates using a sinusoidal theory

The sinusoidal shear deformation plate theory is presented to study the response of multilayered angle-ply composite plates due to a variation in temperature and moisture concentrations. The classical, uniform and parabolic shear deformation plate theories are also considered. The effects of temperature and moisture concentrations on the material properties and the hygrothermal response of multilayered angle-ply composite plates are studied. A number of examples are solved to illustrate the numerical results concerning bending response of multilayered angle-ply composite plates subjected to hygro-thermo-mechanical effects. Hygrothermal response due to a variation in temperature and moisture concentrations has been investigated for different material types sensitive to changing hygrothermal environment conditions. Numerical results suggest that temperature-dependent and/or moisture-dependent material properties ought to be used in the analysis of laminated plates subjected to hygrothermal loads.     

Nonlinear eccentric low-velocity impact response of a polymer-carbon nanotube-fiber multiscale nanocomposite plate resting on elastic foundations in hygrothermal environments

In the present article, a nonlinear, eccentric, low-velocity impact response of a polymer-carbon nanotube-fiber multiscale nanocomposite plate on elastic foundations in hygrothermal conditions using the finite element method is performed. In this regard, the governing equations are derived based on higher-order shear deformation plate theory and von Kármán geometrical nonlinearity. Three types of distributions of the temperature field and moisture concentrations, namely, uniformly, linearly, or nonlinearly through the thickness direction of the plates are considered. The effective material properties of the multiphase nanocomposite are calculated using fiber micromechanics and Halpin–Tsai equations in hierarchy. The carbon nanotubes are assumed to be uniformly distributed and randomly oriented through the matrix. The contact force between the impactor and the plate is obtained with the aid of the modified nonlinear Hertzian contact law models. After examining the validity of the present work, the effects of the weight percentage of CNT, moisture concentration, temperature variations, distribution of temperature and moisture concentration, elastic foundation, and the eccentricity on the contact force, indentation, and central deflection of polymer-CNT-fiber multiscale nanocomposite plate are studied in details.     

Nonlinear dynamic analysis of tapered sandwich plates with multi-layered faces subjected to air blast loading

The nonlinear dynamic behavior of simply supported tapered sandwich plates subjected to air blast loading is investigated theoretically and numerically. The plate is supposed to have both tapered core and tapered laminated face sheets and be subjected to uniform air blast load. The theory is based on a sandwich plate theory, which includes von Kármán large deformation effects, in-plane stiffnesses, inertias and shear deformations. The sandwich plate theory for plates with constant thickness which have one-layered face sheets found in the literature is developed to analyze the tapered sandwich plates with multi-layered face sheets. The equations of motion are derived by the use of the virtual work principle. Approximate solution functions are assumed for the space domain and substituted into the equations. The Galerkin method is used to obtain the nonlinear differential equations in the time domain. The finite difference method is applied to solve the system of coupled nonlinear equations. The tapered sandwich plate subjected to air blast load is also modelled by using the finite element method. The displacement–time and strain–time histories are obtained. The theoretical results are compared with finite element results and are found to be in an agreement.     

Nonlinear vibration of nanotube-reinforced composite plates in thermal environments

This paper deals with the large amplitude vibration of nanocomposite plates reinforced by single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) resting on an elastic foundation in thermal environments. The SWCNTs are assumed aligned, straight and a uniform layout. Two kinds of carbon nanotube-reinforced composite (CNTRC) plates, namely, uniformly distributed (UD) and functionally graded (FG) reinforcements, are considered. The material properties of FG-CNTRC plates are assumed to be graded in the thickness direction, and are estimated through a micromechanical model. The motion equations are based on a higher-order shear deformation plate theory that includes plate-foundation interaction. The thermal effects are also included and the material properties of CNTRCs are assumed to be temperature-dependent. The equations of motion are solved by an improved perturbation technique to determine nonlinear frequencies of CNTRC plates. Numerical results reveal that the natural frequencies as well as the nonlinear to linear frequency ratios are increased by increasing the CNT volume fraction. The results also show that the natural frequencies are reduced but the nonlinear to linear frequency ratios are increased by increasing the temperature rise or by decreasing the foundation stiffness. The results confirm that a functionally graded reinforcement has a significant effect on the nonlinear vibration characteristics of CNTRC plates.     

A closed form solution for linear and nonlinear free vibrations of composite and fiber metal laminated rectangular plates

In this paper, the nonlinear equations of motion for laminated composite rectangular plates based on first order shear deformation theory, which include shear deformation and rotary inertia, have been derived. Then, through introducing a force function, these equations reduced to a set of coupled nonlinear partial differential equations and a compatibility equation. By using the Galerkin method, for the first time, a nonlinear ordinary differential equation is obtained, which includes nonlinear inertia and stiffness terms. By using the multiple time scales method, analytical relations for nonlinear frequency and transverse displacement have been obtained. Results are compared with the literature and good agreement is achieved for both linear and nonlinear frequencies. After proving the validity of our work for isotropic rectangular plates and laminated rectangular plates, linear and nonlinear free vibration of a Fiber Metal Laminate panel have been investigated. Also the effects of some system parameters on the nonlinear frequency have been investigated.     

Buckling of shear deformable laminated composite plates

A shear deformable finite element is developed for the buckling analysis of laminated composite plates. The finite element formulation is based on Mindlin's theory in which shear correction factors are derived from the exact expressions for orthotropic materials. A variety of problems on uniaxial and shear bucklings of laminated composite plates are solved. The effects of material properties, plate aspect ratio, length-to-thickness ratio, number of layers and lamination angle on the buckling loads of symmetrically and antisymmetrically laminated composite plates are investigated. Optimal lamination arrangements of layers for maximizing the buckling loads of the plates are determined.     

Dynamic characterization of the thickness-tapered laminated plant fiber-reinforced polymer composite plates

Evolution of the laminated woven natural fiber fabric-reinforced polymer composite structures makes a way to the development of the non-uniform laminated composite structures in order to achieve the stiffness variation throughout the structure. An attempt is made in this work to carry out the experimental and numerical investigations on the dynamic characteristics of the thickness-tapered laminated woven jute/epoxy and woven aloe/epoxy composite plates. The governing differential equations of motion for the thickness-tapered laminated composite plate are developed using the h-p version FEM based on higher order shear deformation theory. The validation of the present finite element formulation is carried out by comparing the natural frequencies obtained using the finite element formulation with those natural frequencies determined experimentally. The developed model is further validated with the available literature works on tapered composite plate to confirm the efficiency of h-p version FEM. This work also explores the study of the vibrational characteristics of composite plates under the influence of plant fiber’s transverse isotropic material characteristics and porosity associated with plant fiber composites through the elastic constants evaluated in the author’s previous work. Also the influences of aspect ratios, ply orientations, and taper angles under various end conditions on the natural frequencies of the woven jute/epoxy composite plate are studied using the present finite element formulation. The forced vibration response of the thickness-tapered laminated woven jute/epoxy composite plate under the harmonic force excitation is carried out considering CFCF and CFFF end conditions.     

叠层板在两项简谐激励作用下的组合共振分析

研究了在四边简支的边界条件下,正交各向异性矩形叠层板在两项横向简谐激励作用下的非线性组合共振及其稳定性问题。在给出了正交各向异性叠层板的振动微分方程的基础上,利用伽辽金法导出了相应的无量纲化达芬型非线性强迫振动方程。应用多尺度法对组合共振问题进行求解,得到了系统在稳态运动下的幅频响应方程。基于李雅普诺夫稳定性理论,得到了解的稳定性判定条件。通过数值算例,对几种复合材料薄板的共振特性进行了分析,分别给出了不同条件下系统运动的响应图、幅频图和动相平面图,讨论了不同参数对系统非线性动力学行为的影响。     

受热复合材料层合板的非线性热振动——Part Ι: 理论及数值分析

基于能综合考虑温度效应以及横向线应变和剪切应变的高阶计算模型, 研究受热复合材料层合板的非线性热振动, 推导了非线性有限元方程并给出了相应的数值分析方法, 通过数值算例与已有文献相比较, 证明了本文理论和算法的精确有效性。文中还以大量数值算例研究了温度效应对幅频曲线的影响。     

受热复合材料层合板的非线性热振动——Part:理论及数值分析

基于能综合考虑温度效应以及横向线应变和剪切应变的高阶计算模型 ,研究受热复合材料层合板的非线性热振动 ,推导了非线性有限元方程并给出了相应的数值分析方法 ,通过数值算例与已有文献相比较 ,证明了本文理论和算法的精确有效性。文中还以大量数值算例研究了温度效应对幅频曲线的影响。     

Nonlinear dynamic response and vibration of imperfect shear deformable functionally graded plates subjected to blast and thermal loads

Based on Reddy's higher-order shear deformation plate theory, this article presents an analysis of the nonlinear dynamic response and vibration of imperfect functionally graded material (FGM) thick plates subjected to blast and thermal loads resting on elastic foundations. The material properties are assumed to be temperature-dependent and graded in the thickness direction according to a simple power-law distribution in terms of the volume fractions of the constituents. Numerical results for the dynamic response and vibration of the FGM plates with two cases of boundary conditions are obtained by the Galerkin method and fourth-order Runge–Kutta method. The results show the effects of geometrical parameters, material properties, imperfections, temperature increment, elastic foundations, and boundary conditions on the nonlinear dynamic response and vibration of FGM plates.     

Elastic stability of skew laminated composite plates subjected to biaxial follower forces

The present study investigates the elastic stability of skew laminated composite plates subjected to biaxial inplane follower forces by the finite element method. The plate is assumed to follow first-order shear deformation plate theory (FSDPT). The kinetic and strain energies of skew laminated composite plate and the work done by the biaxial inplane follower forces are derived by using tensor theory. Then, by Hamilton's principle, the dynamic mathematical model to describe the free vibration of this problem is formed. The finite element method and the isoparametric element are utilized to discretize the continuous system and to obtain the characteristic equations of the present problem. Finally, natural vibration frequencies, buckling loads (also the instability types) and their corresponding mode shapes are found by solving the characteristic equations. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the effects of those parameters, such as various inplane force combinations, skew angle and lamination scheme, on the elastic stability of skew laminated composite plates subjected to biaxial inplane follower forces.     

A new kind of energy transfer from high frequency mode to low frequency mode in a composite laminated plate

This paper brings to light a new type of nonlinear resonant motion in a fiber-reinforced composite laminated rectangular thin plate, which is not reported in other literature. The investigated system is a simply supported symmetric cross-ply composite laminated rectangular thin plate subjected to parametric excitation whose frequency is near to the first-order natural frequency of the plate. This new phenomenon demonstrates that the responses of a low-order frequency mode can be excited by those of a high-order frequency mode. The high-order frequency is the first-order natural frequency of the test plate, and the low-order frequency here is lower than the first-order nature frequency. Experimental research works on the nonlinear vibrations of the composite laminated rectangular thin plate have been carried out for the first time. It is found from the experimental results that the nonlinear dynamic responses consist of four modes, whose frequencies include a lower frequency than the first-order natural frequency, 1/3 sub-harmonic, 2/3 sub-harmonic and the first-order natural frequencies. In this case, the amplitude of the mode for lower frequency is larger than those of modes for the aforementioned frequencies. Moreover, the theoretical job goes to analyze this new phenomenon. An analytical mode is given to explain the interactions between the first-order mode and the lower-frequency mode observed in the experiment. Based on Reddy’s third-order shear deformation plate theory, the nonlinear governing equations of motion are formulated for the test plate under parametric excitation. Galerkin’s method is utilized to discretize the partial differential governing equations of motion for the composite laminated rectangular thin plate to a two-degree-of-freedom nonlinear system. The results of numerical simulations qualitatively agree very well with the experimental results. In addition, the multi-pulse chaotic motions are also found in numerical simulations.     

Nonlinear free and forced vibration behavior of functionally graded plate with piezoelectric layers in thermal environment

In the present study, finite element formulation based on higher order shear deformation plate theory is developed to analyze nonlinear natural frequencies, time and frequency responses of functionally graded plate with surface-bonded piezoelectric layers under thermal, electrical and mechanical loads. The von Karman nonlinear strain–displacement relationship is used to account for the large deflection of the plate. The material properties of functionally graded material (FGM) are assumed temperature-dependent. The temperature field has uniform distribution over the plate surface and varies in the thickness direction. The considered electric field only has non-zero-valued component E_z. Numerical results are presented to study effects of FGM volume fraction exponent, applied voltage in piezoelectric layers, thermal load and vibration amplitude on nonlinear natural frequencies and time response of FGM plate with integrated piezoelectric layers. In addition, nonlinear frequency response diagrams of the plate are presented and effects of different parameters such as FGM volume fraction exponent, temperature gradient, and piezoelectric voltage are investigated.     

Hygrothermal analysis of antisymmetric cross-ply laminates using a refined plate theory

The effect of hygrothermal conditions on the antisymmetric cross-ply laminates has been investigated using a unified shear deformation plate theory. The present plate theory enables the trial and testing of different through-the-thickness transverse shear-deformation distributions and, among them, strain distributions do not involve the undesirable implications of the transverse shear correction factors. The differential equations of laminated plates whose deformations are governed by either the shear deformation theories or the classical one are derived. Displacement functions that identically satisfy boundary conditions are used to reduce the governing equations to a set of coupled ordinary differential equations with variable coefficients. A wide variety of results is presented for the static response of simply supported rectangular plates under non-uniform sinusoidal hygrothermal/thermal loadings. The influence of material anisotropy, aspect ratio, side-to-thickness ratio, thermal expansion coefficients ratio and stacking sequence on the hygrothermally induced response is studied.     

Large amplitude free vibration of a shear deformable laminated composite parabolic plate with parabolically orthotropic plies

The large amplitude free vibration of a laminated composite parabolic plate with parabolically orthotropic plies is investigated for the first time. The effects of out-of-plane shear deformations, rotary inertia, and geometrical nonlinearity are taken into account. The geometry of the plate is described, and the analysis performed in the parabolic coordinate system. The problem is solved numerically using a new parabolic hierarchical finite element. The nonlinear equations of free motion are mapped from the time domain into the frequency domain using the harmonic balance method. The resultant nonlinear equations are solved iteratively using the linearized updated mode method. Results for the fundamental linear and nonlinear frequencies are obtained for symmetric and antisymmetric laminates with clamped and simply supported edges. Comparisons are made with the finite element method for clamped and free isotropic parabolic plates and show excellent agreement. The aspect ratio, thickness ratio, moduli ratio, number of plies, layup sequence, and boundary conditions are shown to affect the hardening behavior.     

Nonlinear dynamics of composite laminated cantilever rectangular plate subject to third-order piston aerodynamics

This paper presents the analysis of the nonlinear dynamics for a composite laminated cantilever rectangular plate subjected to the supersonic gas flows and the in-plane excitations. The aerodynamic pressure is modeled by using the third-order piston theory. Based on Reddy’s third-order plate theory and the von Kármán-type equation for the geometric nonlinearity, the nonlinear partial differential equations of motion for the composite laminated cantilever rectangular plate under combined aerodynamic pressure and in-plane excitation are derived by using Hamilton’s principle. The Galerkin’s approach is used to transform the nonlinear partial differential equations of motion for the composite laminated cantilever rectangular plate to a two-degree-of-freedom nonlinear system under combined external and parametric excitations. The method of multiple scales is employed to obtain the four-dimensional averaged equation of the non-automatic nonlinear system. The case of 1:2 internal resonance and primary parametric resonance is taken into account. A numerical method is utilized to study the bifurcations and chaotic dynamics of the composite laminated cantilever rectangular plate. The frequency–response curves, bifurcation diagram, phase portrait and frequency spectra are obtained to analyze the nonlinear dynamic behavior of the composite laminated cantilever rectangular plate, which includes the periodic and chaotic motions.     

湿热环境下复合材料层板的几何非线性分析

根据Reddy的高阶剪切变形理论,在应力应变本构关系中考虑湿热环境的影响,用虚位移原理推导出以位移形式表达的复合材料层板的几何非线性控制方程及相应的边界条件。选定的边界条件为弹性转动约束。选择不同的弹性转动系数,可以得到介于简支到固支之间的不同边界条件。假设材料的物性参数不随湿热环境而变化。用Galerkin方法求解控制方程。数值结果所用的边界条件为四边固支。最后讨论了温度和湿度、长厚比、长宽比和铺层数等各种参数变化的影响。计算和分析的结果均表明温度的升高对层合板的弯曲产生非常不利的影响;而加湿对层合板的弯曲影响是非常有限的。在其它几何条件不变的情况下,增加铺层数,不仅能降低挠度,也能明显地降低弯矩或弯曲应力。