球磨法制备超细碳化硅粉体

以低品位碳化硅粗粉为原料,通过球磨工艺制备高性能超细碳化硅粉体,研究球磨时间、球料质量比、转速等球磨参数对碳化硅粉体微观结构及性能的影响。结果表明:随着球磨时间、球料质量比、转速的增加,碳化硅粉体的粒度逐渐减小,粉体振实密度不断减小,但是碳化硅粉体形成的圆锥高度逐渐增大,即碳化硅粉体的流动性逐渐变差;随着球磨时间的延长,X射线衍射强度减小,衍射峰宽化显著增加,说明通过球磨细化了碳化硅的晶粒度;最佳球磨参数是转速为200 r/min,球料质量比为10,球磨时间为40 h。     

球磨法制备天然辣椒素粉体工艺研究

以天然辣椒素和硅胶为原料和辅料,采用球磨法制备天然辣椒素粉体,采用正交实验法,对球料质量比、天然辣椒素与硅胶的质量比、球磨时间、球磨机转速等参数进行4因素3水平的正交实验设计,研究这些工艺参数对球磨法制备天然辣椒素粉体的影响。结果表明,制备天然辣椒素粉体的最佳工艺为球料质量比为5∶1,天然辣椒素与硅胶的质量比为4∶6,球磨时间为20 min,转速为300 r/min,在此条件下,制备的天然辣椒素粉体中粒径小于10μm的颗粒的体积分数为94.98%。     

球磨法制备玫瑰花粉体

为了获得高品质的玫瑰花粉体产品,首先对玫瑰花鲜花进行真空冷冻干燥处理,然后采用双向旋转球磨机对玫瑰花进行超细粉碎,研究在粉碎过程中筒体及搅拌器转速、球料质量比、研磨时间等工艺参数对玫瑰花粉体产品粒度的影响。结果表明:球磨法制备玫瑰花粉体的最佳条件是筒体转速为120 r/min,搅拌器转速为80 r/min,球料质量比为10,研磨时间为120 min;制备的玫瑰花粉体的中位粒径d50为6.1μm,并很好地保留玫瑰花的芳香。     

AgSbTe_2热电化合物的机械合金化制备

以Ag、Sb、Te单质粉体为原料,采用机械合金化工艺制备了单相的AgSbTe2化合物粉体。系统研究了机械合金化工艺制度,包括球料比、转速、球磨时间对粉体相组成、颗粒尺寸的影响。结果表明,在球料比为20∶1、转速大于400rpm、球磨时间大于15h时,可得到单相AgSbTe2化合物粉体;当球料比为20∶1、转速为600rpm、球磨48h后,可得到平均粒径约370nm单相AgSbTe2化合物粉体,其表面小颗粒尺寸约为50～100nm。     

高介电陶瓷NaCu_3Ti_3NbO_(12)预烧粉体球磨制度的优化

为了制备性能优异的介电陶瓷材料,以新型高介电陶瓷Na Cu3Ti3Nb O12预烧粉体为例,对不同球磨制度下的粉体粒度分布进行对比研究。结果表明:高介电陶瓷Na Cu3Ti3Nb O12预烧粉体优化的球磨制度是球磨时间为8~10 h,球料质量比为(3~6)∶1;随着球磨时间的增加,粉体粒径逐渐减小;采用经优化后的球磨制度处理的预烧粉体制备的介电陶瓷在1~100 k Hz的频率范围内相对介电常数约为6 000。     

行星式球磨工艺参数对SmCo5粉体磁性能的影响研究

纳米晶SmCo₅粉体具有高矫顽力和强磁耦合的优点,是制备纳米复合永磁材料使用最广泛的硬磁材料之一。采用表面活性剂辅助球磨法制备SmCo₅微纳米片,采用行星式球磨机,系统研究了球磨时间、球料比和表面活性剂含量对SmCo₅粉体的形貌和磁性能的影响。结果表明随着球磨时间和球料比的增加,SmCo₅粉末的粒径和厚度减小并转化为微、纳米片,当球磨时间和球料比大于4 h和12∶1后,SmCo₅粉末的粒径和厚度变化不明显。选用球料比16∶1、球磨时间2 h、表面活性剂含量30%参数,SmCo₅粉体具有最优的磁性能,剩磁(Mr)为45.9 Am²/kg,矫顽力(Hc)为1.13×10⁶ A/m。     

碳气凝胶超细粉体的可控制备技术

基于球磨技术建立碳气凝胶超细粉体制备方法,系统地研究制备工艺中球磨时间、球料比、助磨剂等制备条件对制备产物的影响,揭示制备参数对碳气凝胶粉体特性的影响规律。结果表明:延长球磨时间有利于降低大粒子在产物中比例,但大于4 h的球磨时间对小粒子影响不大,存在"粉碎极限"效应;随着球料比的增加,中位径Dv(50)先降低再升高,球料质量比为50∶1时,得到的Dv(50)最小值为2.58μm;添加助磨剂会增大产物的粒径,且不同的助磨剂增幅不同。     

合成一维β-SiC纳米材料原料粉体的球磨工艺研究

采用高能球磨对合成一维β-SiC纳米材料的原料-Si粉和SiO2粉分别进行处理。通过正交试验研究球磨转速、时间、球料比、级配比等因素对球磨后粉体粒径的影响规律,结果表明,Si粉的球磨优化工艺为转速300r/min、球磨时间4h、球料比5:1,级配比φ20 mm:φ10 mm:φ6mm:φ2mm=1:50:180:400;SiO2粉的球磨优化工艺为转速350 r/min、球磨时间4.4 h、球料比15:1,级配比φ20mm:φ10mm:φ6mm:φ2mm=1:50:180:400。借助粒度分析仪及透射电子显微镜(TEM)对产物进行表征,发现经过球磨处理后的粉体粒度分布均匀,比表面积提高,可用以合成高质量的一维β-SiC纳米材料。     

球磨工艺对低品位石英砂细化效果的影响

以节约粘土资源及开发新型建筑材料为目的,利用长江沿岸低品位石英砂开发研制保温隔热砖。研究了球磨工艺对低品位石英砂细化效果的影响,为制备高性能保温隔热砖奠定了原料基础。结果表明,随着球磨时间的延长,石英砂粉体平均粒径逐渐减小,粒度分布逐渐变窄;随着球磨转速的增加,石英砂粉体平均粒径逐渐减小,粒度分布逐渐变窄;随着球磨装料量的增多,石英砂平均粒径逐渐变大,粒度分布逐渐变宽。综合整个工艺和性能考虑,确定石英砂球磨工艺为球磨时间60min、球磨转速300r/min、球磨机装料量200g/L。     

高分散微细La2O3水悬浮液的球磨工艺及分散机理

采用正交实验和单因素实验相结合的方法,研究了球磨工艺参数(包括粉体质量分数、球磨机转速、球磨时间、球料比和球配比)对微细La2O3水悬浮液分散性的影响及其作用机理,获得了优化后的球磨工艺参数,据此制备出的悬浮液的粉体分散率高达97.88%。粒度测试结果表明采用优化的工艺参数球磨后得到的La2O3颗粒更加细小,分布更加均匀,计算出单个粒径为6μm的La2O3颗粒经过球磨后可以得到球径为1.5μm的颗粒数与球径为0.25μm的颗粒数之比约为1∶195。根据Stokes定律和爱因斯坦方程获得了微细La2O3颗粒沉降位移及扩散位移与其粒度间的函数曲线,从而揭示出采用优化球磨工艺参数球磨后微细La2O3水悬浮液的高分散机理。     

热喷涂球磨法制备超细铜锌粉

本文将热喷涂法与机械球磨法相结合,提出一种新的超细铜锌粉末的制备方法.讨论了热喷涂工艺参数、球磨时间、球磨助剂、热处理条件对粉末性质的影响,并采用扫描电镜法、X射线衍射法、筛分法对粉末的粒度、形貌、成分等进行了分析,得出最佳工艺参数.该方法可以制备出粒度分布均匀、性质稳定、粒度为200～500nm的超细铜锌粉末.     

清水营煤超细粉碎过程中的影响因素

为了制备粒度小于10μm的超细清水营煤粉,采用球磨机对煤粉进行研磨,利用激光粒度仪对超细煤粉进行了粒度分析,得出球磨时间、球煤质量比、填充率、转速等主要因素与煤粉碎效果的关系,确立清水煤超细粉碎的最佳工艺条件。结果表明:采用湿磨方式,在球煤质量比为15∶1、填充率为0.45、转速为100 r/min的工艺条件下,经7 h研磨,清水营煤粉的粒度可达到2.596μm。     

废旧印刷电路板剪切式粉碎的试验研究

为实现废旧电路板的资源化利用,采用剪切式粉碎与球磨粉碎方式对电路板进行细碎的研究。结果表明:根据电路板层间剪切强度比较小的特点,采用剪切式粉碎方法可以有效对其进行粉碎并解离,并随着粉碎粒度的减小,各组分大小越均匀,解离越完全;与剪切粉碎效果相比,球磨粉碎易使电路板材料变薄,成片状薄板状,但不易被粉碎,粉碎的细度与均匀性不如剪切粉碎。     

Ultrafine zinc oxide powders prepared by precipitation/mechanical milling

The synthesis of ultrafine zinc oxide powders using the combination of precipitation and mechanical milling followed by subsequent heat treatment was investigated. Zinc hydroxide/oxidehydrate precursor was prepared by precipitation process using zinc chloride as the starting material. Sodium chloride was added to avoid agglomeration during the mechanical milling process. Zinc oxide particles were formed in the NaCl matrix after heat treatment and obtained after removal of NaCl. The size and structure of zinc oxide powders were studied using X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and BET surface area measurements and thermal analysis. This has shown that the particle size of zinc oxide powder is strongly dependent on the weight ratio of sodium chloride and precursor. ZnO particles with an average primary particle size of 15 nm could be obtained when the NaCl/precursor weight ratio was 4 : 1 or above.     

高能球磨对Mg-Zn-Zr合金微观组织与力学性能的影响

在氩气条件下以400r/min高能球磨镁合金粉末,并将球磨后的粉末经过冷压—热压烧结—热挤压成型。研究了不同球磨时间的粉末以及挤压态样品的微观组织和力学性能。结果表明:随着球磨时间的延长,粉末颗粒尺寸可以细化到8μm,晶粒尺寸有效细化到34nm,在整个球磨过程中粉末有一定程度的氧化,并伴随有MgO纳米颗粒产生。粉末经过热压烧结—热挤压成型后,材料内部有MgZn2相颗粒析出,且均匀分布于Mg基体中。随着粉末颗粒的细化,材料性能得到改善,当球磨至10h时,粉末挤压态样品的极限拉伸强度为365 MPa,压缩屈服强度高达325 MPa,极限压缩强度保持在466 MPa。球磨至25h,颗粒平均尺寸细化至8μm左右,使得颗粒表面能大幅度增大,颗粒表面的氧化膜增厚,在热压烧结过程中阻碍了颗粒之间的结合,进而使得材料的力学性能恶化。     

The synthesis and characterization of polymer coated iron oxide microspheres

For biomedical applications drug carrying polymers are coated around magnetic iron oxide particles to form microspheres. In the present study, the iron oxide powder was ball milled. Microspheres were then synthesized by solvent evaporation, resulting in iron oxide particles encapsulated in a polymer and drug coating. Various parameters, such as the duration of milling and agitation speed as well as the polymer concentration were varied. A milling time of 72 h was found to yield a small size and narrow size distribution of particles; the average particle size was about 600 nm. Measurements of the change in grain size and the magnetic properties of the powder with milling time were performed. It was determined that the size of the microspheres was not sensitive to the initial particle size, but it could be decreased by variation of agitation speed or polymer concentration. The agitation speed and polymer concentration of 400 rpm and 0.04 g poly(l-lactic acid) in 8 g dicholoromethane, respectively, was found to yield small, spherical microspheres with a narrow size distribution. The surface morphology and magnetic properties of the microspheres was also analyzed.     

球磨工艺对太阳能电池正面银浆用玻璃粉的影响

研究了球磨时间、固液比、料球比和磨球尺寸与级配对太阳能电池银浆用玻璃粉粒度及形貌的影响,并将其与一定比例的银粉、有机载体配制成导电银浆,印刷、烧结在硅片上形成晶体硅太阳能电池片,测试了其电学性能。实验结果表明,将玻璃粉用作正面银浆粘接剂时,其最佳的行星球磨工艺参数:球磨时间为4h,固液质量比为1∶0.8,料球质量比为2.5∶1,磨球级配w(大)∶w(中)∶w(小)为3∶2∶1。此时,制备的多晶硅太阳能电池串联电阻为7.15mΩ,光电转换效率可达16.56%。     

煤粉超细化技术及设备研究

根据双向旋转球磨机的超细粉碎原理,研究开发制备超细煤粉的技术及设备,并采用该设备进行煤粉的超细粉碎实验,分析各种工艺参数对超细煤粉产品粒度影响。结果表明:采用双向旋转球磨机制备超细煤粉的最佳工艺条件为:筒体及搅拌器转数25r/min,球料质量比为8,研磨时间为4～5h,磨球尺寸为10～20mm,制备出超细煤粉产品的粒度为d50=1.15μm,d90=2.67μm。     

Nanostructure in a Ti alloy processed using a cryomilling technique

A nanocrystalline Ti alloy with a uniform distribution of grains was synthesized using cryogenic mechanical milling. The effects of cryomilling parameters, such as milling time and ball to powder ratio (BPR), on the particle size, grain size, chemistry, and structure of cryomilled Ti powders were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The experimental results show that nanocrystalline Ti powders with a grain size of about 20 nm can be prepared using the cryomilling technique. Compared to SPEX milling at room temperature, cryomilling led to lower contamination levels of oxygen, nitrogen, and iron in the cryomilled Ti powder. The average particle size initially increased from the original 55 μm to a maximum value of 125 μm after 2 h of milling, and then decreased to 44 μm after 8 h of milling. Both the average particle size and the grain size decreased as the BPR increased.     

Production of nanocrystalline powders by high-energy ball milling: model and experiment

A model of high-energy ball milling of powders has been proposed. It is demonstrated that part of the energy is consumed for initiation of microstrains ε during milling and, hence, the process of the powder grinding is decelerated. An analytical expression has been deduced describing the size of nanocrystalline powder particles as a function of the milling time. The model and the experiment have been compared, using a powder of tungsten carbide (WC). The average size of the particles and the value of the microstrains in the ball-milled powder were determined by an x-ray method from broadening of diffraction reflections. The size of the particles was also evaluated using scanning electron microscopy and the sedimentation method.