电力行业计算机网络应用程序管理模型

一个完整的管理模型可以有效地将电力企业的计算机应用和网络技术结合在一起。文中探讨了计算机网络主要应用的技术、电力系统计算机网络的应用程序、电力行业计算机网络安全结构和管理。     

Nanoscale CMOS

This paper examines the apparent limits, possible extensions, and applications of CMOS technology in the nanometer regime. Starting from device scaling theory and current industry projections, we analyze the achievable performance and possible limits of CMOS technology from the point of view of device physics, device technology, and power consumption. Various possible extensions to the basic logic and memory devices are reviewed, with emphasis on novel devices that are structurally distinct front conventional bulk CMOS logic and memory devices. Possible applications of nanoscale CMOS are examined, with a view to better defining the likely capabilities of future microelectronic systems. This analysis covers both data processing applications and nondata processing applications such as RF and imaging. Finally, we speculate on the future of CMOS for the coming 15-20 years     

Inter-system communications/networking

Electric utilities require reliable data communications for power system control, operations, and maintenance. Utilities are among the largest users of data and, it has been said, the largest users of real-time data. In recent years, there has been an effort to apply the emerging technology of data communication networking to utility applications for real-time data exchange. Emphasis in this paper is placed on techniques for modeling communication requirements and planning the development of an inter-system communications network to support power applications. We will also review where the industry is today with regard to link installations and protocol development.     

UWB超宽带技术研究及应用

UWB以其高速率、高频谱利用率、低成本、低功耗和应用范围广等一系列优点受到业界前所未有的关注。正是由于其高性能、低成本的无线数据通信能力,成为实现无限个人局域网的富有竞争力的技术之一。在介绍超宽带技术（UWB）基本特点和原理的基础上,重点讨论了该技术在家庭网络中应用的优势和实现,并介绍了超宽带技术在其他方面的最新应用。     

Synthesis of Embedded Software from Synchronous Dataflow Specifications

The implementation of software for embedded digital signal processing (DSP) applications is an extremely complex process. The complexity arises from escalating functionality in the applications; intense time-to-market pressures; and stringent cost, power and speed constraints. To help cope with such complexity, DSP system designers have increasingly been employing high-level, graphical design environments in which system specification is based on hierarchical dataflow graphs. Consequently, a significant industry has emerged for the development of data-flow-based DSP design environments. Leading products in this industry include SPW from Cadence, COSSAP from Synopsys, ADS from Hewlett Packard, and DSP Station from Mentor Graphics. This paper reviews a set of algorithms for compiling dataflow programs for embedded DSP applications into efficient implementations on programmable digital signal processors. The algorithms focus primarily on the minimization of code size, and the minimization of the memory required for the buffers that implement the communication channels in the input dataflow graph. These are critical problems because programmable digital signal processors have very limited amounts of on-chip memory, and the speed, power, and cost penalties for using off-chip memory are often prohibitively high for embedded applications. Furthermore, memory demands of applications are increasing at a significantly higher rate than the rate of increase in on-chip memory capacity offered by improved integrated circuit technology.     

变频调速技术在电力系统中的应用综合分析

文章通过分析变频调速技术的优势和在各个方面的应用,以及对其未来发展趋势的展望,对电力系统今后的发展提供一定的参考。电力行业的发展,越来越多的发电站建立起来,在此背景下,交流调速技术也应运而生,解决了许多以往直流调速无法解决的问题。变频调速技术自诞生以来就在诸多领域得到了广泛的应用。而且随着技术的不断完善和成熟,在节约电能方面取得了良好效果。从电力半导体、控制技术和主电路拓扑结构等方面综述了变频调速技术的发展历史和现状,并总结了在变频控制中的主要控制技术;分析了高压变频调速技术的发展动态和几种实现方案的技术特点对比情况;指出变频调速技术在未来的发展趋势。最后介绍了变频调速技术在电力系统中节能降耗、改善工艺和控制性能等方面的应用。     

Microprocessors—The first twelve years

During the first twelve years of their existence, microprocessors have evolved at a dramatic pace in terms of numbers, technology, power, functionality, and applications. This paper begins with a technical explanation of key microprocessor specifications. Four generations of microprocessors are considered in detail, along with case studies of popular chip families. Special-purpose processors, software issues, and performance evaluation techniques are other areas of discussion. Overall industry trends are presented.     

微波能工业应用研究进展

微波作为一种新型高效加热能源广泛地应用于众多领域。随着其应用的逐渐深入,微波所具有的优点越来越明显,并且已经在工业上产生了良好的经济效益。本文首先介绍了微波能应用机理与大功率微波源,综述了在工业领域内微波能应用的现状和进展,随后指出了微波技术现有的发展状况,并展望了国内微波能在产业方向上的应用前景。     

Design of Low-power Inspection Instrument Based on RF Technology

A design for low power consumption inspection instrument, in which the ATMega32L is used as the control core, is presented. The reader with wireless identification based on RF technology is researched and the low-cost power is studied particularly. This instrument can be used in industry fields to measure temperature, humidity, gas concentration and other specifications, so it has wide applications and is worth to be extended.     

大能量高功率准分子激光的应用及关键技术

实用型大能量高功率准分子激光器广泛地应用于材料的加工及表面处理,介绍了其在液晶平板显示行业、太阳能光伏行业、半导体行业及汽车制造业的应用。分析了大能量高功率准分子激光器的关键技术,如大面积均匀放电技术,预电离技术,高压快脉冲激励技术以及为了得到更大的脉冲能量及功率输出而采用的双腔同步技术。     

智能电网应用的大功率IGBT模块技术

近年来IGBT模块技术进步扩展了IGBT应用范围,进入了诸如轨道牵引、HDVC和包括智能电网系统的电能质量等真正的大功率领域。本文着重IGBT技术及其在欧盟UNIFLEX-PM（未来电网通用灵活电能管理先进功率变流器）项目应用情况。     

System-level power consumption modeling and tradeoff analysistechniques for superscalar processor design

This paper presents systematic techniques to find low-power high-performance superscalar processors tailored to specific user applications. The model of power is novel because it separates power into architectural and technology components. The architectural component is found via trace-driven simulation, which also produces performance estimates. An example technology model is presented that estimates the technology component, along with critical delay time and real estate usage. This model is based on case studies of actual designs. It is used to solve an important problem: decreasing power consumption in a superscalar processor without greatly impacting performance. Results are presented from runs using simulated annealing to reduce power consumption subject to performance reduction bounds. The major contributions of this paper are the separation of architectural and technology components of dynamic power the use of trace-driven simulation for architectural power measurement, and the use of a near-optimal search to tailor a processor design to a benchmark     

GaAs FET satellite communications

What is claimed to be the industry’s first 90W c-band GaAs field effect transistor (GaAs FET) suitable for use in solid-state power amplifiers (SSPA) for base station or earth-station satcom and radar applications, as well as for microwave digital radios for terrestrial communications, has been released by Toshiba America Electronic Components Inc. Using TAEC’s HFET process technology, the TIM5964-90SL GaAs FET employs ion plantation technology to produce an output power of 49.5dBm at a frequency range of 5.9GHz to 6.4GHz. and is priced at around $1,500 each.This is a short news story only. Visit www.three-fives.com for the latest advanced semiconductor industry news.     

Recent advances in power electronics technology for industrial andtraction machine drives

This paper presents a review of the state of the art of power electronics technology in both industrial and traction drive application. Key development trends include the dominance of AC adjustable-speed drives in new applications, with the squirrel-cage induction machine as the preferred machine in most cases. Particularly striking has been the rapid ascendance of the insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) as the predominant power switch in both industrial and traction applications ranging from fractional kilowatts to multimegawatts. Key current issues such as industrial drive input power quality and the effects of fast IGBT switching transients on the machines and electromagnetic interference (EMI) production are reviewed. Developments in electric traction for both rail and road vehicles are discussed, including the increasing modularity of new traction inverters in all sizes and the market introduction of new hybrid vehicles using advanced power electronics. The paper concludes with a discussion of expected future trends in power electronics technology that will likely expand the markets for industrial and traction drives during coming years     

Power Control for Cognitive Radio Networks: A Game Theoretic Approach

In communication industry one of the most rapidly growing area is wireless technology and its applications. The efficient access to radio spectrum is a requirement to make this communication feasible for the users that are running multimedia applications and establishing real-time connections on an already overcrowded spectrum. In recent times cognitive radios (CR) are becoming the prime candidates for improved utilization of available spectrum. The unlicensed secondary users share the spectrum with primary licensed user in such manners that the interference at the primary user does not increase from a predefined threshold. In this paper, we propose an algorithm to address the power control problem for CR networks. The proposed solution models the wireless system with a non-cooperative game, in which each player maximize its utility in a competitive environment. The simulation results shows that the proposed algorithm improves the performance of the network in terms of high SINR and low power consumption.

     

Energy storage systems for advanced power applications

While energy storage technologies do not represent energy sources, they provide valuable added benefits to improve stability power quality, and reliability of supply. Battery technologies have improved significantly in order to meet the challenges of practical electric vehicles and utility applications. Flywheel technologies are now used in advanced nonpolluting uninterruptible power supplies. Advanced capacitors are being considered as energy storage for power quality applications. Superconducting energy storage systems are still in their prototype stages but receiving attention for utility applications. The latest technology developments, some performance analysis, and cost considerations are addressed. This paper concentrates on the performance benefits of adding energy storage to power electronic compensators for utility applications     

SOI power devices

This paper provides an introduction to silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technology and the operating principles of high-voltage SOI devices, reviews the performance of the available SOI switching devices in comparison with standard silicon devices, discusses the reasoning behind the use of SOI technology in power applications and covers the most advanced novel power SOI devices proposed to date. The impact of SOI technology on power integrated circuits (PICs) and the problems associated with the integration of high-voltage and low-voltage CMOS are also analysed     

Multimedia and multimedia communication: a tutorial

This paper presents, in a tutorial fashion, the important features of multimedia technology. The specific areas addressed are multimedia and compression standards, computer networks, multimedia transport, and some specific applications employed by industry to date. Multimedia and the effective and efficient communication of multimedia using compression and networks are fused together in this tutorial in an attempt to demonstrate the tight coupling which exists between these two interrelated technologies. First, the techniques and properties inherent in both multimedia and compression standards are presented. Then, the important characteristics of the major local and wide area networks are summarized. Next, the communication techniques for the transport of video and video conferencing are discussed. The new strategies employed to connect homes through cable TV and the telephone companies, as well as the new Ethernet technologies, are also described. Finally, some modern applications of multimedia communication derived from the automotive industry are used to describe the use of this technology in design, manufacturing, and sales     

Current status of CMOS low voltage and low power wireless IC designs

This paper surveys recent research on CMOS low voltage and low power IC designs for wireless applications. Advancements and challenges in using nanometer IC processes are addressed, and the impacts of device scaling on wireless systems are discussed. Recent advances in device technologies and system architectures are presented. State-of-the-art low power wireless systems, both from academia and from industry, are summarized. Circuit design techniques and challenges for low voltage and low power applications are discussed, along with RF performance and power trade-offs. Examples of common RF building blocks, e.g. LNA's and VCO's, designed for sub-1V power supplies are presented.     

An InGaP/GaAs Merged HBT-FET (BiFET) Technology and Applications to the Design of Handset Power Amplifiers

The last decade has seen GaAs HBTs emerge as the dominant technology in wireless handset power amplifiers. Modern application requirements and size limitations have driven industry leaders towards the co-integration of depletion mode n-FET and GaAs HBT. The merger of Bipolar and FET, or BiFET, gives an additional degree of freedom in the design of advanced power amplifiers independent of a silicon controller. This paper provides an overview of the various techniques that can be used to join the two device technologies and then shows how a merged epitaxial structure, where an FET is formed in the emitter layers of an HBT, combines functional versatility with the high volume manufacturability needed to supply millions of power amplifiers at low cost. A large-signal model of the FET structure is developed which takes into account the unique physics and geometries of the device, including voltage-dependant parameters and charges on all four electrical terminals. Specific handset applications that can benefit or be enabled by BiFET are presented, such as on-off switching, low voltage bias controllers , Auto-Bias power amplifiers, and bias circuits with low or no voltage reference. When npn-only bias circuitry is limited to low voltage reference levels, HBT power amplifiers with BiFET bias stages are shown to have superior RF performance to their npn-only counterparts.