有助磨作用的陶瓷添加剂

对具有助磨作用的陶瓷添加剂进行了探讨。包括试样的制备、球磨、粒度测定、助磨机理的解释等。通过多次实验确定，十二烷基磺酸钠、柠檬酸钠＋水玻璃等瓷石有较好的助磨效果；木质素磺酸钠、油酸等对石英砂有较好的助磨效果。     

矿渣复合水泥助磨剂助磨性能研究

通过改性丙三醇与十二烷基磺酸钠、三乙醇胺等复合一种助磨剂,将其用于水泥矿渣助磨实验,并以空白和三乙醇胺实验进行对比测试,在试验磨中粉磨一段时间,通过分析比表面积、粒径分布、中值粒径(D0.5)和强度,探讨了对助磨增强效果的影响,结果表明W1助磨性能好于三乙醇胺,明显好于空白。     

TRMR53.4立磨系统节电技术改造的实践

针对TRMR53.4生料立磨存在的系统阻力大、磨机压差高、漏风大、选粉机选粉效率不高、循环风机效率低等问题导致的系统电耗偏高,逐步实施了采用新型低阻高效U型选粉机动叶片、中壳体风量调节、低阻稳料风环、低阻型旋风筒、新型密封喂料器、高效循环风机等一系列新技术措施,改造后生料本部电耗逐年下降至目前的12.43 kWh/t,稳定达到立磨系统行业内较好水平。     

UBM50.4生料立磨提产节能降耗技术改造

对宇部UBM50.4生料立磨进行了提产节能技术改造，通过采用高效低阻选粉机技术、粗颗粒静态预分离技术和优化磨内流场技术等措施，可以有效控制筛余，实现大幅提产和降耗。改造后立磨提产达10.27%，工序电耗降低1.53 kWh/t，改造效果显著。     

HRM立式磨水泥半终粉磨系统节能分析

目前的辊压机水泥联合粉磨系统电耗多在30~36 kWh/t范围。若要进一步降低水泥粉磨电耗,可选择HRM预粉磨立磨和半终粉磨工艺,粉磨电耗可控制在26 kWh/t以内。HRM型低阻外循环立磨作为水泥预粉磨设备,以其粉磨系统电耗低、耐磨材料使用寿命长、操作维修简单、系统投资省等优点,在水泥节能粉磨工艺中得到了很好的应用。     

TRMK5041水泥立磨粉磨系统优化升级

新疆某水泥厂国产TRMK5041水泥立磨粉磨系统存在稳定性差、运行压力低、阻力分布不合理、粉磨效率低等问题。通过采取改进研磨区结构、加宽有效研磨区,增大液压系统油缸型号、增加磨辊投影压力,应用低阻风环、优化导风环结构,局部改造循环风管、减少风管弯头,应用分级粉磨技术等措施,有效提高了磨机稳定性和研磨效率,达到了增产降耗的目的。改造后,在相同水泥混合材配比和成品细度情况下,TRMK5041水泥立磨提产10%以上,粉磨系统电耗下降4.0kW·h/t,改造效果显著;项目改造周期短,施工周期仅为25d,投资回报率高。     

大型生料立磨系统的节电改造

对电耗高的生料立磨系统分步实施改造,应用了新型低阻高效选粉机、低阻稳料风环、大蜗壳低阻型旋风筒、新型密封喂料器、高效循环风机等一系列新技术,并不断强化精细化管理,生料工序电耗由17 kWh/t逐年下降至12.44 kWh/t.     

一种新型复合助磨剂的实验研究

本文以三乙醇胺、改性丙三醇、十二烷基磺酸钠为主要原料复合一种新型的助磨剂,此助磨剂对矿渣具有良好的助磨效果,通过实验发现,当改性丙三醇是十二烷基磺酸钠4倍摩尔配比关系时,助磨效果最好。实验还研究了助磨剂对不同配比矿渣水泥的助磨效果,结果发现当矿渣比例达到50%,助磨剂掺入量在0.04%情况下助磨效果也显著。实验测试了此助磨剂对水泥性能影响以及对水泥颗粒分布的影响,并且,通过XRD和SEM分析了对水泥水化的影响。     

水泥生料立磨系统节能降碳技改途径

通过三年的不断摸索和投入改进,实施并验证技术创新项目,特别是新型双风道旋风筒的使用及入磨热风口由两点改为三点的技术创新,实现降阻的同时,达到入磨气流均匀分配、气料比更加均匀、流场更加稳定的效果;达到生料粉磨系统节能降碳的目的,创造效益的同时,响应国家“双碳”政策。     

“KDMC矿渣粉磨大型低阻袋除尘器”项目通过技术鉴定

由我院环保工程公司承担的“KDMC矿渣粉磨大型低阻袋除尘器”项目，于2006年12月15日在安徽省合肥市通过了由安徽省科技厅组织的专家鉴定。     

提高NBR橡胶耐热性的技术研究

探讨了硫化体系、填充体系和增塑体系耐磨剂对NBR橡胶耐热性能的影响以及提高NBR橡胶耐磨性的方法。结果表明,选用以2,5-二乙基-2,5二(过氧化叔丁基)己烷2.2份为硫化剂的硫化体系和以氧化镁和沉淀法白炭黑并用的耐热填充体系,加入10份无机耐磨剂,可显著提高NBR橡胶的耐热性和耐磨性。     

火力发电厂燃煤飞灰润湿性能

化学团聚是控制燃煤电厂细微颗粒排放最有效的方法之一。颗粒物被团聚剂润湿是化学团聚的首要步骤。以小龙潭电厂燃煤飞灰为对象,采用激光粒度仪研究了燃煤飞灰在十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)、十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)和Triton X 100(TX100)三种润湿剂溶液中的润湿性能,考察了润湿剂浓度、温度对燃煤飞灰润湿性能的影响。结果表明：水仅能将飞灰颗粒中的PM^₁₀+部分全部润湿,0.25%的SDS溶液中PM_2.5⁺可全部润湿,1%的SDS及0.4%的SDBS溶液中PM₁⁺可全部润湿;TX100溶液在低浓度条件下具有较强的润湿飞灰颗粒的能力,且0.1%的TX100溶液对细微颗粒的润湿性能较好;温度从20℃上升到60℃,润湿剂溶液表面张力降低,飞灰的润湿性能增强。鉴于飞灰在三种润湿剂中良好的润湿性能,三种润湿剂均可作为团聚剂组分以促进燃煤飞灰中的细微颗粒润湿进而被团聚成为容易脱除的大颗粒。     

泡沫混凝土发泡剂的稳定性研究

以松香型发泡剂为基体,系统地考察了十二烷基硫酸钠、低碳链脂肪醇和粘性物质（羧甲基纤维素钠）的添加对发泡液的发泡倍数和泡沫稳定性的影响。实验结果表明,在松香型发泡剂中分别掺加三种低碳链脂肪醇均能有效地提高泡沫的稳定性,其中正丁醇的效果最好,1h泌水率由原来的37%下降到22.4%,而十二烷基硫酸钠的效果最差,不利于稳定性的改进。对于这三种低碳链脂肪醇,相同掺量的情况下,泡沫稳定性随着脂肪醇碳链长度的增加而提高。与粘性物质羧甲基纤维素钠进行复配时,在6%发泡剂稀释液中掺加0.16%正丁醇和0.01%羧甲基纤维素钠,发泡和稳泡效果最好,发泡倍数达到27.33,1h泌水率仅为16.23%。     

含硫原油研制无锌抗磨液压油

本文介绍了研制无锌抗磨液压油的过程,重点考察了无灰极压抗磨剂、金属钝化剂、防锈剂和清净分散剂对提高液压油极压抗磨性、水解安定性、热稳定性的作用。试验结果表明,采用含硫原油基础油可以研制出符合GB11118.1-94标准要求的抗磨液压油。     

Swollen Emulsion Polymerization of Styrene with Cetyl and/or Lauryl Alcohol as Swelling Agent

The kinetics of swollen emulsion polymerization of styrene was investigated. Two types of fatty alcohol, namely, cetyl alcohol and lauryl alcohol, were used as swelling agents in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate as emulsifier and potassium persulfate as initiator. The polymerizations were carried out in a magnetic-drive, sealed, cylindrical polymerization reactor, in nitrogen atmosphere. The effects of emulsifier concentration and the weight ratio of emulsifier to swelling agent on the variation of total monomer conversion with the polymerization time, average particle size, and the size distribution of the latex were examined. A significant decrease in the polymerization rate was observed at especially lower emulsifier concentrations in the presence of cetyl alcohol. The maximum average diameter of the latex with the sodium dodecyl sulfate-cetyl alcohol system was obtained as 0.30 μm. Lauryl alcohol was tried as a novel swelling agent. It was found that lauryl alcohol was an effective swelling agent without using sodium dodecyl sulfate. The latexes having average diameters of 1.0 μm and 0.67 μm (highly monodisperse) were obtained using 0.6 g and 2.0 g lauryl alcohol, respectively, at 300 mL of reaction volume. If it was used together with sodium dodecyl sulfate, the presence of lauryl alcohol did not cause any significant decrease in the polymerization rate as in the case of sodium dodecyl sulfate-cetyl alcohol system, but the average diameters of the latexes obtained with different sodium dodecyl sulfate-lauryl alcohol combinations were rather small compared to the sodium dodecyl sulfate-cetyl alcohol system at the same polymerization conditions.     

CH4、CO2及CH4+C2H6+C3H8在纯水、SDS水溶液和含石英砂体系中水合物相平衡条件的测定

Phase equilibrium conditions of gas hydrate in several systems were measured by the step-heating method using the cylindrical transparent sapphire cell device. The experimental data for pure CH4 or CO2 + deionized water systems showed good agreement with those in the literatures. This kind of method was then applied to CH4/CO2 + sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) aqueous solution, CH4/CO2 + SDS aqueous solution + silica sand, and (CH4 + C2H6 + C3H8) gas mixture + SDS aqueous solution systems, where SDS was added to increase the hydrate formation rate without evident influence on the equilibrium conditions. The feasibility and reliability of the step-heating method, especially for porous media systems and gas mixtures systems were determined. The experimental data for CO2 + silica sand data shows that the equilibrium pressure will change significantly when the particle size of silica sand is less than 96 μm. The formation equilibrium pressure was also measured by the reformation of hydrate.     

改性剂种类对蒙脱土结构和性能的影响

为增加蒙脱土(montmorillonite,MMT)和有机物的相容性和研究插层剂种类对MMT结构和性能的影响,采用Cu,Co和Ni无机金属阳离子,十二烷基磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、α-烯烃磺酸盐和十二烷基苯磺酸钠等有机阴离子表面活性剂及十六烷基氯化吡啶、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、十二烷基三甲基溴化铵等有机阳离子表面活性剂作为改性剂,对蒙脱土进行一次改性和二次改性,制备出一系列改性蒙脱土.研究了改性剂种类、插层方式、插层次序对插层效果的影响.X射线衍射分析表明:一次改性时,插层剂均能进入蒙脱土的层间,改性土的层间距由1.04nm增加到1.7～3.52nm;二次改性时,先阳离子后阴离子的插层顺序有利于层间距增大(4.14nm),还可利用配位作用将二次改性剂引入金属离子一次改性MMT中,使层间距增大.改性机理研究认为:阳离子改性机理为层间离子交换,而阴离子改性机理是改性剂和MMT表面形成了氢键.沉降实验表明一次改性土和二次改性土在有机溶剂中分散能力有所增强.     

含油污泥化学热洗的药剂配方及工艺优化

采用化学热洗法对含油污泥进行除油处理,对不同类型的十余种化学热洗药剂进行筛选和复配,考察了不同药剂配方对含油污泥的除油效果,并对化学热洗的主要工艺条件进行了研究和优化。结果表明：在单一药剂热洗中以硅酸钠（Na₂SiO₃）的除油效果最佳,除油率可达45.3%;复配药剂热洗中以阴离子型-非离子型-碱性盐的药剂组合,即十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）+壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚（NP-10）+Na₂SiO₃的除油效果最佳,除油率可达62.1%,采用复配药剂能显著提升除油效果;各操作条件对含油污泥热洗除油率的影响次序为温度＞药剂浓度＞热洗时间＞搅拌速率＞泥水比,最优的工艺条件为热洗温度80℃、药剂浓度3g/L、泥水比1∶4、热洗时间50min、搅拌速率200 r/min,在该条件下除油率可达85.4%。     

Effects of Silica Nanoparticles Content on the Properties and Corrosion Behavior of Electroless Ni-Ba-B Alloy Coatings

The beneficial role of silica nanoparticles addition as reinforcing agent on the various properties of the novel developed Ni-Ba-B coating was highlighted. Barium was considered as third element to act as an inhibiting alloying element for anodic passivation purposes. The ternary Ni-Ba-B coatings in three different concentrations of silica nanoparticles (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 g/L) were coated on St 37 steel substrate in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The effect of nanoparticles on morphology and structure was investigated by FE-SEM, XRD and AFM tests. The nodularity and surface roughness of the coating increased by the presence of SiO2 nanoparticles in the electroless bath. The nanocomposite coating has amorphous and crystalline phases and its XRD peak at 44.50 is slightly sharper than the composite coating. DSC thermogram showed two exothermic peaks demonstrating its phase transformations. The WCA value of coating was confirmed its hydrophilicity property. Results also confirmed that the existence of silica nanoparticles results in an increase in the microhardness and corrosion resistance which may be attributed to the distribution of silica nanoparticles into Ni-Ba-B matrix.     

晶形助长剂对磷石膏制硫酸钙晶须性能的影响

借助X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜等分析方法,研究了晶形助长剂对以磷石膏为原料水热法制备硫酸钙晶须生长行为的影响。结果表明,以磷石膏为原料制备硫酸钙晶须适宜的晶形助长剂为氯化镁（掺量为磷石膏质量的1.0%）,其次为十二烷基磺酸钠,效果最差的是硫酸铝。