基于多步回溯Q学习的自动发电控制指令动态优化分配算法

单步Q学习在火电占优、机组时延较大的A动发电控制(AGC)功率指令动态优化分配中的应用表现出收敛速度慢等不足而影响最优策略的获取.具有多步预见能力的多步回溯Q学习(Q(λ))显式利用资格迹进行高效回溯操作,能够有效解决火电机组大时滞环节带来的延时回报问题,算法平均收敛时间较Q学习缩短50%以上.算法奖励函数引入调节费用...     

孤岛智能配电网下的快速自动发电控制机组一致性协同控制算法

由于可再生能源随机性、间歇性的特征和智能电网"即插即用"的要求,传统的集中式AGC控制方法面临诸多挑战,分布自治与集中协调已成为智能配电网的未来发展方向.为此,本文提出了一种基于等微增率的AGC机组一致性协同控制算法,解决了孤岛智能配电网的频率自治与协同控制问题;并提出了一种"虚拟一致性变量"的概念,用于解决AGC机组功率越限导致的拓扑变化问题和实现AGC机组的"即插即用";同时,在智能配电网发生负荷扰动的情况下,为保证所有机组在新的工况下仍能达到最优经济运行,建立了AGC功率分配与短期经济调度的协同目标.最后搭建了包含多种分布式电源及多个微网的智能配电网模型,仿真表明:与传统集中控制方法相比,一致性协同算法动态优化速度快,收敛鲁棒性强,能有效解决孤岛智能配电网的频率自治与协同控制问题.     

基于DQN的多类型拦截装备复合式反无人机任务分配方法

针对当前反无人系统无法有效压制无人机的问题,使用多种拦截装备构建一种新的反无人机方法.传统多目标优化算法无法解决动态的任务分配问题,对此,提出一种基于深度Q网络(DQN)的多类型拦截装备复合式反无人机任务分配模型. DQN模块对任务分配问题进行初期决策.为了提高算法收敛速度和学习效率,该方法未采用下一时刻的状态来预测Q值,而是采用当前时刻的状态来预测Q值,消除训练过程中Q值过估计的影响.之后采用进化算法对决策结果进行优化,输出多个拦截方案.以国内某机场跑道周围区域开阔地为防护对象,构建反无人机系统的任务分配仿真环境,仿真结果验证了所提出方法的有效性.同时,将DQN与Double DQN方法相比,所提出改进DQN算法训练的智能体表现更为精确,并且算法的收敛性和所求解的表现更为优异.所提出方法为反无人机问题提供了新的思路.     

数据仓库的评价模型研究

该文通过对数据仓库系统的评价指标体系的分层,获得评价体系的三维指标矩阵,并提出了一个数据仓库系统评价模型。利用改进的基于熵值的TOPSIS算法,优化指标权重。将距离法应用于DW的多目标决策,采用理想解和负理想解的相对接近度对数据仓库系统做出综合评价。     

模糊强化学习的改进GEAR传感网络均衡算法

在网络节点分配均衡优化中,需要依靠地理位置与能量开销等先验知识才能进行调度,但传统GEAR节点分配算法中,传感节点的有效性不强,降低了通信效率.在分析GEAR传感节点分配算法基础上,提出模糊强化Q学习的改进GEAR传感网络均衡算法.运用模糊神经网络对强化学习中的Q值进行逼近,把Q值与无线传感节点分配过程相结合,根据模糊Q值对传递节点进行选择.提高通信效率,通过仿真结果验证了改进方法的通信能量消耗曲线趋势要低于传统GEAR算法,能有效避开网络拥塞区域,通信效率得到了显著的提高.     

基于分布式协作Q学习的信道与功率分配算法

为提高分布式认知无线网络认知用户信道与功率分配算法的能量效率和收敛速度,将单位能量的平均比特数作为通信效率指标,平衡用户通信质量和系统能量消耗,提出一种基于多Agent协作强化学习的分布式信道与功率分配算法。在多Agent独立Q学习的基础上引入协作学习,各用户通过独立Q学习后,共享Q值并进行融合再学习。仿真结果表明,与基于能效的独立Q学习算法、独立Q学习算法以及随机功率分配算法相比,该算法能够有效提高认知用户发射功率和信道分配时的收敛速度。     

船舶概念设计阶段的多目标优化与决策

船舶概念设计阶段,需要初步给定多组船型参数方案并从中优选出客观合理的某一方案.以散货船为研究对象,建立了以船舶造价、单位排水量船体阻力、相对回转直径为目标的船舶概念设计优化数学模型;应用改进的非支配解排序的多目标进化算法求解船舶概念设计多目标问题以获得Pareto解集.分析了主观赋权和客观赋权的优劣,提出采用线性叠加在层次分析法、变异系数法这两种主观赋权和客观赋权方法间求取组合赋权向量,将组合向量与TOPSIS法结合对所求Pareto解集进行方案排序.优化决策结果表明,改进的非支配解排序的多目标进化算法DW=36000t散货船概念设计优化能获得多组综合性能优良的船型方案,基于线性叠加的组合赋权TOPSIS决策策略能给出客观、有效的方案序列.这种二阶段的综合方法也能推广应用于船舶优化与决策其他领域.     

移动Ad Hoc网络中基于能量优化的多路径速率分配算法研究

提出了一种移动 Ad Hoc 网络中以优化整体能量消耗为目标的多径速率分配算法,该算法分布地运行在各路由源节点,综合考虑路径间速率调整对路由内部和外部的功率影响,使用功率增量的方式对各路径的速率进行动态转移。仿真结果表明,在保证总传输速率以及服务质量(误码率)的前提下,该算法能使移动 Ad Hoc 网络路由的总能量消耗得到优化。     

自适应变化响应的动态多目标进化算法

动态多目标优化问题(Dynamic multi-objective optimization problems, DMOPs)的目标函数发生变化时,需要采取变化响应策略对种群进行重新初始化,以快速追踪新环境中的最优解集.现有动态多目标优化算法对不同个体、不同维度的决策变量缺乏针对性的变化响应,导致重新初始化效果尚存在较大改进空间.为此,提出一种对不同个体、不同维度的决策变量分别进行自适应变化响应的动态多目标进化算法(Dynamic multi-objective evolutionary algorithm with adaptive change response, DMOEA-ACR).该算法包括两个核心部分:1)对时间步最优种群和时间步最优种群中对应个体各维度决策变量之间的差异进行计算,自适应选择变异策略或预测策略重新初始化不同个体、不同维度的决策变量;2)在每轮迭代或重新初始化后,对非支配个体进行存档,基于存档中心构建预测策略.为验证DMOEA-ACR的有效性,在最新测试问题集SDP和DF上,将其与动态多目标优化领域的6种先进算法进行对比.实验结果表明, DMOEA-ACR在求...     

锌电解整流供电系统的微粒群优化控制策略

在分析锌电解整流供电系统的基础上,建立基于整流效率和整流系统稳流精度的整流供电系统优化控制数学模型, 并根据整流供电系统的分级递阶控制特性, 提出一种递阶多目标微粒群算法, 用于整流供电系统各机组电流分配的优化决策. 实验结果和现场运行结果都表明, 基于多目标微粒群算法的整流供电系统优化控制策略能够有效提高整流效率和稳流精度.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。