Reaction environment self-modification on low-coordination Ni2+ octahedra atomic interface for superior electrocatalytic overall water splitting

Large scale synthesis of high-efficiency bifunctional electrocatalyst based on cost-effective and earth-abundant transition metal for overall water splitting in the alkaline environment is indispensable for renewable energy conversion. In this regard, meticulous design of active sites and probing their catalytic mechanism on both cathode and anode with different reaction environment at molecular-scale are vitally necessary. Herein, a coordination environment inheriting strategy is presented for designing low-coordination Ni²⁺ octahedra (L-Ni-8) atomic interface at a high concentration (4.6 at.%). Advanced spectroscopic techniques and theoretical calculations reveal that the self-matching electron delocalization and localization state at L-Ni-8 atomic interface enable an ideal reaction environment at both cathode and anode. To improve the efficiency of using the self-modification reaction environment at L-Ni-8, all of the structural features, including high atom economy, mass transfer, and electron transfer, are integrated together from atomic-scale to macro-scale. At high current density of 500 mA/cm², the samples synthesized at gram-scale can deliver low hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) overpotentials of 262 and 348 mV, respectively.

     

Inactivation efficacy of plasma-activated water: influence of plasma treatment time,exposure time and bacterial species

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of plasma treatment time, bacterial exposure time to PAW and bacterial species on the inactivation efficacy of plasma-activated water (PAW), with additional investigation of the inactivation mechanisms of PAW. Six bacterial species, including Listeria innocua, Staphyloccus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Shewanella putrefaciens and Aeromonas hydrophila were selected as the representative bacteria. The initial bacterial concentration was around 7 log CFU ml⁻¹ after mixing with PAW, and the inactivation efficacy was measured after different exposure times during the 4 °C storage. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the bacteria after PAW treatment were carried out to inspect the cell structure damage, and physicochemical properties of PAW, including pH, conductivity and long-living reactive species of H₂O₂, , and , were examined. The results showed that the inactivation efficacy of PAW was positively correlated with plasma treatment time and bacterial exposure time, and for the species examined in this study, the Gram-negative species were more sensitive to PAW than the Gram-positive species. Cell structure damage, including shrinkage, distortion, or holes, was observed after PAW treatment. The pH of PAW was acidified to 2.5–2.9, and conductivity was significantly increased to 518.0 μs cm⁻¹. and H₂O₂ were reduced during the 48 h storage, while an increased concentration was observed for . This study demonstrated that the processing parameters of plasma treatment time, exposure time and characteristics of bacteria can significantly affect the inactivation efficacy of PAW.     

Chinese RE Performance Materials on the Fast Developing Way

Rare earth elements are endowed with excellent magnetic, optical and electrical features for their special electronic shell. Series of unsubstitutive advanced materials with prominent performances have been developed, such as magnetic materials, hydrogen storage materials, luminescent materials and catalytic materials, etc. These performance materials are widely used in the fields of rnetallurgy, oil industry, chemical industry, light industry, agriculture, electronics industry, environmental protection, national defense and some hi-tech advanced materials.     

KJ90 监测系统在局部通风管理中的应用

介绍了KJ90安全监测系统对局部通风机进行运行状态实时监测的原理.     

某矿山地压分布规律的研究

通过现场实测，研究了某矿山采空区矿柱中的应力分布规律，并据此对空区上方的地压和空区矿柱的稳定状况和安全性进行了评价，为该矿今后的安全生产、矿柱加固和设计参数的调整提供了可靠的科学保证。     

国内筛分设备的现状和展望

介绍了我国筛分设备的发展概况、筛分机械行业现状及存在的问题,并提出了发展方向。     

矿井伤亡事故分析和预防对策

归纳、统计了双鸭山矿务局历史上发生的矿井事故率和造成的生产损失，对各类事故率和产生根源进行了分析，提出了安全预防对策。     

谢一矿深部软岩巷道底臌机理及其防治措施研究

通过现场实测研究，查明谢一矿深部巷道失稳破坏的主导因素是底臌，因而对巷道底臌的机理进行了分析，提出了防治底臌的综合技术措施，取得了较好的效果。     

冶金矿山计算机管理信息系统的应用

论述了我国大中型冶金矿山计算机信息管理系统（ＭＩＳ）的应用现状，分析了ＭＩＳ开发应用中存在的关键技术问题，并对市场前景进行了预测。