Optimal design of elastic beams with segmentwise constant height in the case of dynamic loading

A shape optimization method for elastic beams with segmentwise constant height is proposed. The ends of the beam are simply supported, clamped or free. Two problems are discussed; (i) a beam is loaded by lateral pressure, (ii) a beam is struck by an attached mass. External loads and volume of the beam are prescribed and the deflection in a given cross-section is to be minimized. For solving this problem, the deflections are expanded into a Fourier series by eigenfunctions. Numerical results are given for two-, three- and four-stepped beams.     

A CELL KINETIC STUDY ON THE CANCER PROBLEM BASED ON THE AUTOMATIC CONTROL THEORY USING DIGITAL SIMULATION

Abstract

This paper deals with a general multi-loop automatic control system of the cell renewal process which makes possible the study of the dynamic response of a complete cell group or a compartment. At the same time the behavior of a single cell is observed as to the variability of its mean life span and the possibility of its irradication at any desired moment.

By means of the special block-oriented programming language ASIM (Analog SIMulation) of AEG-Telefunken numerous disturbed cases have been simulated, for example the response to perturbation of the cell numbers in different compartments has been calculated and thoroughly studied.

Several cell renewal systems, both normal and impaired growth, have been simulated and the results interpreted. The mean life span of the cells has been varied and structural changes of the feedback loops of the complex multivariable control system have been carried out.

The aforementioned cases in particular lead to the basic question whether malignant disorders are to be interpreted as unstable closed-loop control systems, the cause for the malignant growth being a structural defect of the feedback mechanism.     

Synthesis and electrochemical,in situ spectroelectrochemical,electrical and gas sensing properties of ball-type homo- and hetero-dinuclear phthalocyanines with four [1a,8b-dihydronaphtho[b]naphthofuro[3,2-d]furan-7,10-diyl] bridges

The new mono-nuclear Fe^II 2 and ball-type homo-dinuclear Fe^II–Fe^II 3 phthalocyanines have been synthesized from the corresponding 4,4′-(1a,8b-dihydronaphtho[b]naphthofuro[3,2-d]-furan-7,10-diyl)bis(oxy)diphthalonitrile 1 while ball-type hetero-dinuclear Fe^II–Co^II phthalocyanine 4 was synthesized from 2. The compounds have been characterized by elemental analysis, UV–vis, IR and MALDI-TOF-mass spectroscopies. The redox behaviours of the complexes were identified by controlled-potential coulometry, cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry measurements on Pt in dimethylsulfoxide containing tetrabutylammonium perchlorate. The assignments of the redox processes and the understanding of the interactions between the metal phthalocyanine units in 3 and 4 were achieved by the combined evaluation of the voltammetric and in situ spectroelectrochemical outcomes. Complex 3 showed ring-based mixed-valence behaviour as a result of the considerable interaction between the phthalocyanine rings. On the other hand, the interactions between the two metal phthalocyanine units of 4 were found to be much weaker than those in 3. The potential application of molecular organic semiconductors needs the control adjustment of conductivity. Ac and dc conductivity measurements were performed with the applied external electric filed. At high frequency, the conduction follows the universal power law and conduction mechanism can be explained by classical hopping barriers mechanism for the system.     

The effect of series resistance on calculation of the interface state density distribution in Schottky diodes

This work presents an attempt related to the importance of the fact that the series resistance value is considered in calculating the inter-face state density distribution from the non-ideal forward bias current–voltage (I-V) characteristics of Au/n-Si Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs). To examine the consistency of this approach, Au/n-Si SBDs with Si bulk thicknesses of 200 and 400μm have been prepared. Both diodes showed non-ideal I-V behaviour with ideality factors of 1.14 and 1.12, respectively, and thus it has been thought that the diodes have a metal–interface layer–semiconductor configuration. At the same energy position near the bottom of the conduction band, the interface state density (N _SS) values, without taking into account the series resistance value of the devices, are almost one order of magnitude larger than the N _SS values obtained taking into account the series resistance value.     

A NIC with Impedance Scaling Properties Using Unity Gain Cells

A novel negative impedance converter (NIC) is proposed. This configuration is based on unity gain cells (a cascade of current and voltage followers with unity gains). The proposed circuit has wide band impedance scaling property, and it is suitable for practical implementation of realizing high-negative-valued passive components.     

基于改进U-Net网络的腺体细胞图像分割算法

针对腺体图像在自动分割过程中由于多尺度目标和信息丢失影响导致准确率降低的问题,文中采用了一种引入注意力模块的全卷积神经网络模型。该模型遵循编码器-解码器结构,在编码网络中用空洞残差卷积层代替原有的普通卷积层,并添加空洞金字塔池;再在解码网络中加入注意力模块,使模型输出高分辨率特征图,提高对多尺度目标的分割精度。实验结果表明,提出的网络模型参数少分割精度高,对腺体图像的平均分割精度高达89.7%,具有较好的鲁棒性。     

High output impedance current-mode lowpass,bandpass and highpass filters using current controlled conveyors

Three new current-mode second-order filter configurations which employ one or two current controlled conveyors (CCCIIs) and three passive elements are presented. Each proposed filter can realize one of the bandpass, lowpass or highpass responses all at high impedance outputs. The proposed filters offer current-control of pole angular frequency ω_o without disturbing the parameter ω_o /Q. No component matching is required and all the passive and active sensitivities are low. PSPICE simulation results are given to confirm the theoretical analysis.     

A Combined Interleaving Technique for Trellis Coded MPSK Systems in Rayleigh Fading Channels

Freedom of mobility is the latesttrend in the evolution of digital communicationsystems. In these systems bandwidth and powerconstraints limit the mobility of the users. TCM(trellis coded modulation) is a combined coding andmodulation scheme which increases the productivity ofa digital communication system without increasing thetransmitted power or the required bandwidth. A mobilecommunication channel is affected from noise andfading because of the multipath propagation. On aRayleigh fading channel, coding should be used withtechniques which uncorrelate the received energy ofeach consecutive coded symbol. Interleaving is one ofthese techniques and used to make burst errors intorandom errors which can be corrected by errorcorrecting codes. In this paper, the trellis codingsystem which combines a regular convolutional encoder,bit interleaver, coordinate interleaver, and anappropriate decoder is considered. The analytical biterror probability upper bounds are derived for the8-PSK TCM system whose diversity is increased by usinga regular 2/3 rate convolutional code followed bythree bit interleavers and a 8-PSK signal mapperfollowed by two coordinate interleavers. Theanalytical and simulation results show that toincrease the diversity of the trellis coded M-PSKsystems in Rayleigh fading channels is the primary keyfor reliable transmission of high quality voice anddigital data.     

全双工主动窃听非正交多址接入系统智能超表面辅助物理层安全传输技术

针对全双工被动窃听和主动干扰攻击下的多用户非正交多址接入(NOMA)系统,该文提出一种智能超表面(RIS)辅助的鲁棒波束赋形方案以实现物理层安全通信。考虑在仅已知窃听者统计信道状态信息的条件下,以系统传输中断概率和保密中断概率作为约束,通过联合优化基站发射波束赋形、RIS相移矩阵、传输速率和冗余速率,来最大化系统的保密速率。为解决上述多变量耦合非凸优化问题,提出一种有效的交替优化算法得到联合优化问题的次优解。仿真结果表明,所提方案可实现较高的保密速率,且通过增加RIS反射单元数,系统保密性能更佳。