Novel high-energy ionic molecules deriving from new monovalent and divalent 4-oxyl-3,5-dinitropyrazolate moieties

ABSTRACT

In recent years, the exploration of a practical strategy for novel energetic molecules with high energy and low sensitivity is very desirable but highly challenging. Novel ionic energetic molecules have attracted much attention in this area due to their prominent advantages including low sensitivities, high thermal stability, and excellent energy performances. Herein, five different ionic energetic molecules based on new monovalent and divalent 4-oxyl-3,5-dinitropyrazolate moieties with enhanced oxygen balance have been synthesized, characterized and evaluated as potential high-energy materials. Thermal stability, sensitivities and energy output test were measured and studied in detail. The heats of formation and energetic parameters were calculated by using Gaussian 09 suite of programs and EXPLO 5 code. The results suggest that all as-prepared new molecules exhibit good thermal stability with high decomposition temperature (3, 231°C; 5, 160°C; 6, 185°C; 7, 180°C; 8, 213°C), and relative low sensitivity (IS > 20 J, FS = 324 N). Inheriting the significant oxygen content of monovalent and divalent 4-oxyl-3,5-dinitropyrazolate moieties, they also possess good energy properties (v _D = 8238 ~ 9208 m s^?1, P = 26.8 ~ 36.7 GPa, V _o = 481.8 ~ 959.4 L kg^?1), which make them competitive high-energy materials.     

Weighted power means of q-rung orthopair fuzzy information and their applications in multiattribute decision making

Weighted power means with weights and exponents serving as their parameters are generalizations of arithmetic means. Taking into account decision makers' flexibility in decision making, each attribute value is usually expressed by a $q$-rung orthopair fuzzy value ($q$-ROFV, $q\ge 1$), where the former indicates the support for membership, the latter support against membership, and the sum of their $q$th powers is bounded by one. In this paper, we propose the weighted power means of $q$-rung orthopair fuzzy values to enrich and flourish aggregations on $q$-ROFVs. First, the $q$-rung orthopair fuzzy weighted power mean operator is presented, and its boundedness is precisely characterized in terms of the power exponent. Then, the $q$-rung orthopair fuzzy ordered weighted power mean operator is introduced, and some of its fundamental properties are investigated in detail. Finally, a novel multiattribute decision making method is explored based on developed operators under the $q$-rung orthopair fuzzy environment. A numerical example is given to illustrate the feasibility and validity of the proposed approach, and it is shown that the power exponent is an index suggesting the degree of the optimism of decision makers.     

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目前关于溶质在变形土体中运移规律的研究相对较少,但是荷载作用又是实际工程中必须考虑的因素。基于比奥固结理论和溶质运移理论,建立渗流场、应力场和浓度场耦合的溶质运移模型,并采用有限差分法对溶质在变形土体中的运移规律进行研究。此外,许多学者在研究溶质运移规律时,多数情况下采用线性吸附模式,但是细粒土对金属离子、有机物或者高浓度溶质的吸附多表现出较强的非线性,因此研究了不同吸附模式作用下溶质的运移规律。研究结果表明,固结变形对溶质的运移过程具有持久性的阻滞作用,导致了溶质运移深度的减小;吸附模式对溶质运移规律没有本质的影响,但是吸附模式对溶质运移的快慢有较大影响,并且随着运移时间的增加,吸附模式对溶质运移快慢的影响不断增大。     

试论土木工程中建筑节能措施的应用

我国民用建筑节能措施的推广已经经历了将近20个年头,实践中却仍然存在很多问题。本文就对土木工程建筑中节能措施的重要性以及如何有效开展节能工作进行了分析。     

“潮客交融”城镇地域建筑的文化解读与风貌重塑——以梅州市阝留隍镇为例

作为"潮"、"客"文化交融的典型代表,梅州市丰顺县留隍镇面临着典型文化缺失、城镇地域建筑风貌缺乏特色的困境。该文通过对阝留隍镇建筑风貌现状分析和典型"潮"、"客"元素的文化解读,强调对具有地域建筑特色的小城镇风貌的重塑是新型城市化背景下文化传承应坚守的重要内容,提出了相应的规划设计与街景整治策略。     

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