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排序方式: 共有543条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Isolated rat hearts were subjected to 15, 45, or 60 minutes of global ischaemia and then fixed by perfusion at 37°C with glutaraldehyde containing various amounts of oxygen. This either had been bubbled with 100% oxygen (PO2 620 mm Hg) or with 100% nitrogen (PO2 40 mm Hg) immediately before use, or it had been routinely prepared and stored exposed to atmospheric oxygen (PO2 245 mm Hg). The ultrastructure of myocytes and endothelial cells subjected to 15 minutes of ischaemia was not affected by the treatment of the fixative. However, when the tissue subjected to longer periods of ischaemia was fixed with routinely prepared or oxygen-bubbled glutaraldehyde, ultrastructural changes characteristic of reoxygenation damage were uniformly evident in both the microvasculature and myocytes. These qualitatively distinct changes included mitochondrial swelling, cell swelling, endothelial bleb formation, and narrowing of capillary lumina. These abnormalities were not observed in tissue fixed with nitrogen-bubbled glutaraldehyde. These findings indicate that deliberate steps should be taken to reduce or eliminate dissolved oxygen from the fixatives used to study ischaemic tissues. Otherwise artefactual reoxygenation damage in vitro may occur and make valid ultrastructural interpretation difficult or impossible. 相似文献
2.
3.
Graham P. Gavin Garrett B. McGuinness Finbar Dolan M.S.J. Hashmi 《International Journal of Mechanical Sciences》2007,49(3):298-305
Therapeutic ultrasound angioplasty has been investigated, clinically, by a number of researchers and represents a potentially promising therapy for the treatment of atherosclerotic lesions. To date, there has been no detailed analysis of the effect of mechanical design parameters, such as wire geometry or damping characteristics, on wire waveguide performance. An apparatus capable of delivering therapeutic ultrasound down small diameter nickel–titanium (NiTi) wire waveguides is described. The output peak-to-peak (p–p) displacements at the distal tip of a 1.0 mm diameter waveguide were measured experimentally, by means of an optical microscope and image analysis software. The output was measured for a range of waveguide lengths from 118 to 303 mm. Wire waveguide distal tip displacements as high as 98 μm (p–p) at 23.5 kHz were measured. For the range of lengths tested, the experimental measurements show the critical relationship between the length of the waveguide and the output distal tip displacements. A finite element model that can predict the resonant frequencies and distal tip displacements of various wire waveguide geometries and configurations, including the effect of damping, is presented. This numerical model has been validated against the experimental displacement data obtained. This will be a valuable design tool for ensuring the safety and effectiveness of therapeutic ultrasound angioplasty procedures. 相似文献
4.
The activation of propane using zeolite H-Y and Ga3+ exchanged zeolite Y indicates that in the presence of Ga3+ the mechanism of propane activation is changed from a cracking pathway to a dehydrogenation pathway. The presence of both Ga3+ and H+ are required to achieve this effect. 相似文献
5.
This paper describes a database model based on the original rough sets theory. Its rough relations permit the representation of a rough set of tuples not definable in terms of the elementary classes, except through use of lower and upper approximations. The rough relational database model also incorporates indiscernibility in the representation and in all the operators of the rough relational algebra. This indiscernibility is based strictly on equivalence classes which must be defined for every attribute domain. There are several obvious applications for which the rough relational database model can more accurately model an enterprise than does the standard relational model. These include systems involving ambiguous, imprecise, or uncertain data. Retrieval over mismatched domains caused by the merging of one or more applications can be facilitated by the use of indiscernibility, and naive system users can achieve greater recall with the rough relational database. In addition, applications inherently “rough” could be more easily implemented and maintained in the rough relational database. 相似文献
6.
L. B. Gavin A. S. Mul'gi V. V. Shor 《Journal of Engineering Physics and Thermophysics》1986,50(5):505-511
Temperature and momentum distributions of the carrier phase are determined experimentally and compared to results of numerical calculations using the (k–) model.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 50, No. 5, pp. 735–743, May, 1986. 相似文献
7.
The concentration fields of disperse impurity are calculated on the basis of a k- model of turbulence in a wide range of Stokes numbers.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 49, No. 4, pp. 548–555, October, 1985. 相似文献
8.
Methanesulphenyl chloride and n-butanesulphenyl chloride add readily across the double bonds in cis-1,4-polybutadiene. The addition is highly regioselective so that long sequences of saturated units are formed. The products are very unstable, evolving hydrogen chloride on standing, but can be stabilized by replacing the labile chlorine atom with other nucleophiles in a phase transfer catalysed reaction. 相似文献
9.
An Example-based Procedural System for Element Arrangement 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
We present a method for synthesizing two dimensional (2D) element arrangements from an example. The main idea is to combine texture synthesis techniques based‐on a local neighborhood comparison and procedural modeling systems based‐on local growth. Given a user‐specified reference pattern, our system analyzes neigh‐borhood information of each element by constructing connectivity. Our synthesis process starts with a single seed and progressively places elements one by one by searching a reference element which has local features that are the most similar to the target place of the synthesized pattern. To support creative design activities, we introduce three types of interaction for controlling global features of the resulting pattern, namely a spray tool, a flow field tool, and a boundary tool. We also introduce a global optimization process that helps to avoid local error concentrations. We illustrate the feasibility of our method by creating several types of 2D patterns. 相似文献
10.
Specification of communicating processes: temporal logic versus refusals-based refinement 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Gavin Lowe 《Formal Aspects of Computing》2008,20(3):277-294
In this paper we consider the relationship between refinement-oriented specification and specifications using a temporal logic.
We investigate the extent to which one can check whether a program in a process algebra, such as Communicating Sequential
Processes (CSP), satisfies a temporal logic specification using a refinement-based model checker, such as FDR. We consider
what atomic formulae are appropriate in a temporal logic for specifying communicating processes, in particular where one wants
to talk about the availability of events. We then show that, perhaps surprisingly, the standard stable failures model is not
adequate for capturing specifications in such a logic: instead the refusal traces model must be used. We formalise the logic
by giving it a semantics in this model. We show that the temporal operators eventually and until, and negation, cannot, in general, be tested for via simple refinement checks. For the remaining fragment of the logic, we
present a translation into simple refinement checks. Finally, we show that refusal traces equivalence is characterised by
a slightly augmented version of that fragment.
M. J. Butler 相似文献