Additive noise removal using a novel fuzzy-based filter

The paper proposes a new fuzzy-based two-step filter for restoring images corrupted with additive noise. The goal of the first step is to compute the difference between the central pixel and its neighborhood in a selected window and to compute a fuzzy membership degree for each difference value using a Gaussian membership function. Computed fuzzy membership values are appropriately utilized as weights for each pixel and then computes the weighted average representing the modified value for the current central pixel. The second step is used as an augmented step to the first one and its goal is to improve the result obtained in the first step by reducing the noise in the color component differences without destroying the fine details of the image. The experimental analysis shows that the proposed method gives better results compared to existing advanced filters for additive noise reduction. Both visual, quantitative and qualitative analysis have been done to prove the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed method.     

太阳能电池生产线中新型等离子体刻蚀机刻蚀工艺探讨

介绍了一种新型等离子体刻蚀机的使用条件,通过对各种参数变化的组合实验,得到了最佳工艺数据.利用该刻蚀机生产的电池片刻蚀效果好,刻蚀后经检测,电池片漏电流小,并联电阻大,提高了电池片的综合性能指标.     

AKH-NFIS: Adaptive Krill Herd Network Fuzzy Inference System for Mobile Robot Navigation

Wireless Personal Communications - Mobile robot navigation has been a current issue in the most recent two decades. Mobile robots are necessary to explore in obscure and dynamic situations. To...     

Firework inspired load balancing approach for wireless sensor networks

Wireless Networks - In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), where power consumption is a huge concern, the improvement of the network’s lifetime is an area of constant study and innovation. The...     

Two‐Dimensional Molybdenum Trioxide and Dichalcogenides

In the quest to discover the properties of planar semiconductors, two‐dimensional molybdenum trioxide and dichalcogenides have recently attracted a large amount of interest. This family, which includes molybdenum trioxide (MoO₃), disulphide (MoS₂), diselenide (MoSe₂) and ditelluride (MoTe₂), possesses many unique properties that make its compounds appealing for a wide range of applications. These properties can be thickness dependent and may be manipulated via a large number of physical and chemical processes. In this Feature Article, a comprehensive review is delivered of the fundamental properties, synthesis techniques and applications of layered and planar MoO₃, MoS₂, MoSe₂, and MoTe₂ along with their future prospects.     

Nanoscale Characterization of Energy Generation from Piezoelectric Thin Films

We report on the use of nanoindentation to characterize in situ the voltage and current generation of piezoelectric thin films. This work presents the controlled observation of nanoscale piezoelectric voltage and current generation, allowing accurate quantification and mapping of force function variations. We characterize both continuous thin films and lithographically patterned nano­islands with constrained interaction area. The influence of size on energy generation parameters is reported, demonstrating that nanoislands can exhibit more effective current generation than continuous films. This quantitative finding suggests that further research into the impact of nanoscale patterning of piezoelectric thin films may yield an improved materials platform for integrated microscale energy scavenging systems.     

Improving the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 via hybridizing with graphene

In this paper an improvement in the photocatalytic performance of TiO₂ was carried out via hybridizing with graphene. Graphene-TiO₂ (GR-TiO₂)nanocomposites with different weight addition ratios of graphene oxide (GO) have been prepared via a facile microwave irradiation of GO and tetrabutyl titanate in isopropyl alcohol. Raman spectroscopy (RS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and photoluminescence spectra (PL) are employed to determine the properties of the samples. Microwave irradiation can heat the reactant to a higher temperature in a short time, simultaneously GO is reduced to graphene and TiO₂ nanoparticles grown on the surface of GR. GR-TiO₂ nanocomposites synthesized via this approach have efficient electron conductivity in GR, resulting in a reduced electron-hole recombination rate. Among the synthesized nanocomposites, GT-8wt% exhibited the best photocatalytic activity toward photocatalytic degradation of MB. Our current work provides a new insight for the fabrication of GR-TiO₂ nanocomposites within a short reaction time and also explains the mechanism of photocatalysis employing radical and hole scavengers.     

KMnO4 pre-treatment of linen

Currently, for the textile industry, the economical considerations are of great importance. The concept of eco-friendliness is of greater concern for textile processing, as the chemical wet treatment has a major role in effluent generation. Thus, research activities these days are oriented towards the alternative ways of chemical processing. Potassium permanganate, a strong oxidising agent can be employed for the pre-treatment of grey linen. The experimental investigation reveals that the KMnO₄ concentration, temperature and treatment time have noticeable impact on quality of bleached linen. The results are evaluated in terms of whiteness index and strength of fabric and the treatment factors are optimised using design of experiment. The results demonstrate that the KMnO₄ can be employed for simultaneous desizing and bleaching of grey linen.     

Effect of tanniniferous Terminalia chebula extract on rumen biohydrogenation, ∆(9)-desaturase activity, CLA content and fatty acid composition in longissimus dorsi muscle of kids

Conjugated linoleic acid, a fatty acid found in milk fat and ruminant meat is one of the functional food components. Modifying fatty acid composition so as to increase CLA and other beneficial PUFA/MUFA level and reducing SFA levels might be a key to enhance the neutraceutical and therapeutic value of ruminant-derived food products. In the present experiment, the effect of supplementation of polyphenol rich Terminalia chebula plant extract at different concentrations (1.06 g/kg and 3.18 g/kg of body weight in T1 and T2 groups, respectively) was investigated on fatty acid composition of rumen fluid, plasma, intramuscular fat and Δ9-desaturase activity in longissimus dorsi muscle of crossbred kids. Total MUFA and PUFA content in muscle were enhanced by 25 and 35%, respectively, whereas SFA was reduced by 20% thereby improving the desaturation index. Δ9-desaturase activity also increased by 47% resulting in an enhancement of total CLA content (58.73%) in muscle.