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排序方式: 共有101条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
Gina Cavaliere Giovanna Trinchese Nadia Musco Federico Infascelli Chiara De Filippo Vincenzo Mastellone Valeria Maria Morittu Pietro Lombardi Raffaella Tudisco Micaela Grossi Vincenzo Monda Monica I. Cutrignelli Antonietta Messina Serena Calabrò Heleena B. Moni Luigi Stradella Giovanni Messina Marcellino Monda Maria Pina Mollica 《Journal of dairy science》2018,101(3):1843-1851
Excessive energy intake may evoke complex biochemical processes characterized by inflammation, oxidative stress, and impairment of mitochondrial function that represent the main factors underlying noncommunicable diseases. Because cow milk is widely used for human nutrition and in food industry processing, the nutritional quality of milk is of special interest with respect to human health. In our study, we analyzed milk produced by dairy cows fed a diet characterized by a high forage:concentrate ratio (high forage milk, HFM). In view of the low n-6:n-3 ratio and high content of conjugated linoleic acid of HFM, we studied the effects of this milk on lipid metabolism, inflammation, mitochondrial function, and oxidative stress in a rat model. To this end, we supplemented for 4 wk the diet of male Wistar rats with HFM and with an isocaloric amount (82 kJ, 22 mL/d) of milk obtained from cows fed a diet with low forage:concentrate ratio, and analyzed the metabolic parameters of the animals. Our results indicate that HFM may positively affect lipid metabolism, leptin:adiponectin ratio, inflammation, mitochondrial function, and oxidative stress, providing the first evidence of the beneficial effects of HFM on rat metabolism. 相似文献
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Caserta M Verdone L Di Mauro E 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2002,3(12):1172-1182
Nucleosomes have been considered until recently to be stable and uniquely localized particles. We focus here on two properties of nucleosomes that are emerging as central attributes of their functions: mobility and multiplicity of localization. The biological relevance of these phenomena is based on the fact that chromatin functions depend on the relative stability of nucleosomes, on their covalent or conformational modifications, their dynamics, their localization, and the density of their distribution. In order to understand these complex behaviors both the structure of the nucleosome core particles and the informational rules governing their interaction with defined DNA sequences are here taken into consideration. The fact that nucleosomes solve the problem of how to locate a specific interaction site on a potentially infinite combination of sequences, with interactions recurring to a controlled level of informational ambiguity and stochasticity, is discussed. Nucleosomes have been shown to slide along DNA. This novel facet of their behavior and its implications in chromatin remodeling are reviewed. 相似文献
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Teodoro Stadler Micaela Buteler David K. Weaver Stephen Sofie 《Journal of Stored Products Research》2012
The widespread concern for environmental and human health has raised the need for new reduced-risk control strategies and the search for new chemical classes of pesticides. Recently, a novel type of particulate material, nanostructured alumina (NSA) has been found to induce mortality in insects exposed to wheat treated with NSA dust. Preliminary studies have shown insecticidal activity of NSA particles on two insect species, Sitophilus oryzae (L.), and Rhyzopertha dominica, (F.), major pests of stored grain. We investigated the toxicity of NSA and Protect-It® diatomaceous earth (DE) using dry dust applications at three different relative ambient humidity levels. Results showed that NSA was more effective in killing S. oryzae than Protect-It® and was equally toxic to R. dominica. Treatment with both products also reduced progeny production. In addition, R. dominica was less susceptible to inert dusts than S. oryzae. Our results suggest that NSA might prove a good alternative or complement to DE based products, and encourage further testing with other insect pests and systems, plus experiments on delivery options to further enhance NSA products. 相似文献
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Uniform Pd nanocrystals of cubic, octahedral and cube-octahedral shapes were synthesized via a solution-phase method using two stabilizers: poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) and di-2-ethylhexylsulfoccinate (AOT) and tested in the hydrogenation of 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol. The AOT-stabilized Pd nanocrystals were found to be an order of magnitude more active, but less selective than those stabilized by PVP. This could be attributed to a stronger interaction of PVP with surface Pd by adsorbed N-containing groups. The results obtained were rationalized applying a two-site Langmuir?CHinshelwood kinetic model that allowed predicting 3?C4?nm cubic or octahedral nanocrystals stabilized by AOT as the optimum active phase ensuring the highest production rate of target MBE. 相似文献
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Jessica Maiuolo Francesca Oppedisano Cristina Carresi Micaela Gliozzi Vincenzo Musolino Roberta Macrì Federica Scarano Annarita Coppoletta Antonio Cardamone Francesca Bosco Rocco Mollace Carolina Muscoli Ernesto Palma Vincenzo Mollace 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(24)
Reduced bioavailability of the nitric oxide (NO) signaling molecule has been associated with the onset of cardiovascular disease. One of the better-known and effective therapies for cardiovascular disorders is the use of organic nitrates, such as glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), which increases the concentration of NO. Unfortunately, chronic use of this therapy can induce a phenomenon known as “nitrate tolerance”, which is defined as the loss of hemodynamic effects and a reduction in therapeutic effects. As such, a higher dosage of GTN is required in order to achieve the same vasodilatory and antiplatelet effects. Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is a cardioprotective enzyme that catalyzes the bio-activation of GTN to NO. Nitrate tolerance is accompanied by an increase in oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and sympathetic activation, as well as a loss of the catalytic activity of ALDH2 itself. On the basis of current knowledge, nitrate intake in the diet would guarantee a concentration of NO such as to avoid (or at least reduce) treatment with GTN and the consequent onset of nitrate tolerance in the course of cardiovascular diseases, so as not to make necessary the increase in GTN concentrations and the possible inhibition/alteration of ALDH2, which aggravates the problem of a positive feedback mechanism. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to summarize data relating to the introduction into the diet of some natural products that could assist pharmacological therapy in order to provide the NO necessary to reduce the intake of GTN and the phenomenon of nitrate tolerance and to ensure the correct catalytic activity of ALDH2. 相似文献
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Sabrine Bilel Micaela Tirri Raffaella Arf Chiara Sturaro Anna Fantinati Virginia Cristofori Tatiana Bernardi Federica Boccuto Marco Cavallo Alessandro Cavalli Fabio De-Giorgio Girolamo Cal Matteo Marti 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(14)
1-cyclohexyl-x-methoxybenzene is a novel psychoactive substance (NPS), first discovered in Europe in 2012 as unknown racemic mixture of its three stereoisomers: ortho, meta and para. Each of these has structural similarities with the analgesic tramadol and the dissociative anesthetic phencyclidine. In light of these structural analogies, and based on the fact that both tramadol and phencyclidine are substances that cause toxic effects in humans, the aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro and in vivo pharmacodynamic profile of these molecules, and to compare them with those caused by tramadol and phencyclidine. In vitro studies demonstrated that tramadol, ortho, meta and para were inactive at mu, kappa and delta opioid receptors. Systemic administration of the three stereoisomers impairs sensorimotor responses, modulates spontaneous motor activity, induces modest analgesia, and alters thermoregulation and cardiorespiratory responses in the mouse in some cases, with a similar profile to that of tramadol and phencyclidine. Naloxone partially prevents only the visual sensorimotor impairments caused by three stereoisomers, without preventing other effects. The present data show that 1-cyclohexyl-x-methoxybenzene derivatives cause pharmaco-toxicological effects by activating both opioid and non-opioid mechanisms and suggest that their use could potentially lead to abuse and bodily harm. 相似文献
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