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1.
With youth participation in sports at an all-time high, youths have become more vulnerable to the silent epidemic of concussion. Psychologists should become aware of the alarming frequency of mild concussion and the subtle effects of concussion, which often go unnoticed or result in misdiagnosis. This article provides a basic survey of the research and literature on this topic, a simplified knowledge base for understanding updated assessment and management techniques, and a discussion of the important role psychologists can play in educating the public and their patients. Practitioners can become more aware of this developing practice opportunity. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
2.
Rosemarie Velik 《Minds and Machines》2010,20(1):1-18
For a long time, emotions have been ignored in the attempt to model intelligent behavior. However, within the last years,
evidence has come from neuroscience that emotions are an important facet of intelligent behavior being involved into cognitive
problem solving, decision making, the establishment of social behavior, and even conscious experience. Also in research communities
like software agents and robotics, an increasing number of researchers start to believe that computational models of emotions
will be needed to design intelligent systems. Nevertheless, modeling emotions in technical terms poses many difficulties and
has often been accounted as just not feasible. In this article, there are identified the main problems, which occur when attempting
to implement emotions into machines. By pointing out these problems, it is aimed to avoid repeating mistakes committed when
modeling computational models of emotions in order to speed up future development in this area. The identified issues are
not derived from abstract reflections about this topic but from the actual attempt to implement emotions into a technical
system based on neuroscientific research findings. It is argued that besides focusing on the cognitive aspects of emotions,
a consideration of the bodily aspects of emotions—their grounding into a visceral body—is of crucial importance, especially
when a system shall be able to learn correlations between environmental objects and events and their “emotional meaning”. 相似文献
3.
Rory A Cooper Michael L Boninger Donald M Spaeth Dan Ding Songfeng Guo Alicia M Koontz Shirley G Fitzgerald Rosemarie Cooper Annmarie Kelleher Diane M Collins 《IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering》2006,14(4):438-455
With about 2.2 million Americans currently using wheeled mobility devices, wheelchairs are frequently provided to people with impaired mobility to provide accessibility to the community. Individuals with spinal cord injuries, arthritis, balance disorders, and other conditions or diseases are typical users of wheelchairs. However, secondary injuries and wheelchair-related accidents are risks introduced by wheelchairs. Research is underway to advance wheelchair design to prevent or accommodate secondary injuries related to propulsion and transfer biomechanics, while improving safe, functional performance and accessibility to the community. This paper summarizes research and development underway aimed at enhancing safety and optimizing wheelchair design. 相似文献
4.
Ramona Erber Steffen Spoerl Andreas Mamilos Rosemarie Krupar Arndt Hartmann Matthias Ruebner Juergen Taxis Mareike Wittenberg Torsten E. Reichert Gerrit Spanier Silvia Spoerl 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(1)
Oral cancer often presents with aggressive behavior and a high risk of recurrence and metastasis. For oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), which is the most frequent histological subtype, therapy strategies include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and EGFR inhibitors. Recently, a Trop-2 antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) has been approved in the United States of America for the treatment of advanced triple-negative breast cancer. However, this ADC has also been tested in other solid tumors including head & neck squamous cell carcinoma. The prognostic impact of Trop-2 has already been reported for several cancers. We studied the prognostic influence of Trop-2 protein expression on OSCC patients’ survival. The cohort comprised n = 229 OSCC patients with available archived tumor tissue and corresponding non-neoplastic oral mucosa tissue. Using immunohistochemistry, we investigated Trop-2 expression in both the central and peripheral regions of each tumor and in corresponding non-neoplastic oral mucosa. In patients suffering from OSCC with combined high central and low peripheral Trop-2 expression, five-year overall survival (OS) was 41.2%, whereas 55.6% of OSCC patients who presented lower central and/or higher peripheral tumoral Trop-2 expression were alive after five years (p = 0.075). In multivariate Cox regression, the expression pattern of high central tumoral and lower peripheral Trop-2 expression was significantly correlated with impaired OS (HR = 1.802, 95%-CI: 1.134–2.864; p = 0.013) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) (HR = 1.633, 95%-CI: 1.042–2.560; p = 0.033), respectively, when adjusting for co-variables. Hence, Trop-2 may serve as an independent prognostic biomarker in OSCC. In subsequent studies, the pathophysiological meaning of downregulated Trop-2 expression in the OSCC periphery has to be analyzed. 相似文献
5.
This study examined the effect of four communication modes (computer-based video teleconferencing, computer-based electronic chat, telephone, and face-to-face) on developmental interactions between dyads; specifically on the transmission of psychosocial versus instrumental information. The dyads consisted of undergraduates at a southeastern university. One member of the dyad was an incoming first year student; the second member was an upper division student who served as a developmental coach. The study was experimental in design, which controlled the amount of interaction, the frequency of interaction, and prior acquaintanceship of the dyadic pair. The small amount of variance attributable to communication mode suggests that people matter more than the machines. Specifically, in terms of implementing non-face-to-face developmental programs, it might be more useful to focus on reducing the variability in the coaches’ behaviors through selection or training, than to focus on communication mode. Additionally, independent observers watched and rated the dyadic interactions to provide a third point of view. There was very little overlap between coach and trainee perceptions, although there was considerable agreement between the raters’ and coaches’ ratings. 相似文献
6.
Acute toxicity bioassays in which fish were exposed to short-term cyclic fluctuations of ammonia were conducted on rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) and on cutthroat trout (S. clarki). Companion tests were also conducted in which test fish were subjected to ammonia at constant concentrations. The tests ranged in duration from 96 h to 4 weeks. Median lethal concentration (LC 50) values in terms of both average and peak concentrations of ammonia for the fluctuating concentration tests were compared with LC 50 values for the constant concentration (conventional) tests. Based on comparisons of total dose exposure, results showed that fish were more tolerant of constant concentrations of ammonia than of fluctuating concentrations. Fish subjected to fluctuating concentrations of ammonia at levels below those acutely toxic were subsequently better able to withstand exposure to higher fluctuating concentrations than fish not previously so acclimated. 相似文献
7.
We have developed a miniature fiber-optic probe with no focusing optics for in situ analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The probe uses an optical fiber to transmit a laser pulse to a vapor sample causing it to ionize adjacent to the fiber tip through a resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) process. The distal end of the optical fiber is contained co-axially within 2-mm-inner-diameter stainless steel tubing that serves as an electrode. The electrode is biased at a high positive potential to collect electrons. The current generated is shown to be proportional over about two orders of magnitude to the concentration of the species ionized. Visible wavelength REMPI spectroscopy is used to determine probe sensitivities of 20 ppb (benzene) and 43 ppb (toluene). Designing the probe without focusing optics specifies an achromatic ionization region constant in size and position as the laser wavelength is scanned, which simplifies data collection and reduction. Focusing achromatic systems are discussed and the potential signal improvement is estimated. 相似文献
8.
9.
Previous work has shown differences between male and female rats in their ability a) to mobilize linoleic acid from adipose
tissue when the supply is limited; b) to maintain higher levels of circulating and liver arachidonic acid when dietary linoleic
acid is limited; c) to prevent accumulation of cholesteryl ester (CE) in the liver; and d) to increase the proportions of
polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in their plasma lecithins.
Recent studies are reviewed which show that a) essential fatty acid (EFA)-deficient rats exhibit the same kinds of sex differences
as do rats on complete diets; b) these differences are mediated or at least influenced by estrogen; c) some of the differences
may be attributed to differences in body size which result in less need for PUFA in structural phospholipid (PL); d) the rate
of conversion of linoleic to arachidonic acid may differ under certain experimental conditions; and e) female rats have higher
proportions of stearic and arachidonic acids in their liver lecithins than do males, which may relate to their higher rate
of lecithin synthesis via methylation of phosphatidyl-ethanolamine.
Presented at the symposium on essential fatty acids in honor of George O. Burr, AOCS Meeting, Loss Angeles, April 1968. 相似文献
10.
Analysis of exempt paint solvents by gas chromatography using solid-phase microextraction 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Rosemarie R. Bodrian Albert C. Censullo Dane R. Jones Mark J. Rashkin Max T. Wills 《Journal of Coatings Technology》2000,72(900):69-74
Acetone, methyl acetate, and parachlorobenzotrifluoride (PCBTF or Oxsol? 100) have been exempted as VOC solvents by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. In measuring coating VOC content, separate methods for determining exempt solvents are required. One such method utilizes solid-phase microextraction (SPME) to sample the headspace of solvent-based coatings to which the surrogates acetone-d6, methyl acetate-d3, and/or metachlorobenzotrifluoride have been added. The sampled exempt coating solvents are thermally desorbed and analyzed using gas chromatography with flame ionization or mass spectral detection. The SPME headspace method has also been used to analyze MEK, butyl acetate, tert-butyl acetate, toluene, and xylene in solventborne coatings, and alcohols in waterborne systems. This paper presents the results obtained for acetone and toluene in a large number of aerosol paints. Additionally, the results from a round-robin study for acetone, methyl acetate, and parachlorobenzotrifluoride in commercial solvent-based coatings are reported. 相似文献