Effect of the graft yield of maleic anhydride on the rheological behaviors,mechanical properties,thermal properties,and free volumes of maleic anhydride grafted high‐density polyethylene

The rheological behavior, thermal properties, and molecular mobility of a series of maleic anhydride (MA) grafted high‐density polyethylenes were characterized and evaluated. The rheological behavior was studied with a Haake minilaboratory. The viscosity of the samples in their melt state decreased with an increase in the graft yield, and this could be attributed to the higher molecular mobility for samples with a higher degree of grafting. The thermal properties were investigated with dynamic mechanical analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. Positron annihilation lifetime measurements were used to study the effect of the degree of grafting on the chemical environment and the atomic‐scale free‐volume properties. It was found that the grafted MA group played a significant chemical inhibition role in positronium formation when the graft yield was low. The results also indicated that the higher the degree of grafting was, the broader the free‐volume distribution was. The relationship between the microstructure and rheological behavior is discussed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

Synthesis,extraction, and adsorption properties of calix[4]arene‐poly(ethylene‐glycol) crosslinked polymer

Novel calix[4]arene‐poly(ethylene glycol) crosslinked polymer (CCP) has been synthesized by the polycondensation reaction between a p‐tert‐butylcalix[4]arene derivative and dihydroxyl capped poly(ethylene glycol) (DHPEG, M_n = 1000) catalyzed by neodymium tosylate. The hydrogel, consisted of 66.9% water and 33.1% CCP, can selectively extract aromatic organic molecules from aqueous solution according to the diameter of the guest molecules, which infers that the diameter of the calix[4]arene cavity is about 5.4 Å and the conformation of calix[4]arene units altered from cone conformation to 1,3‐alternate conformation during the polycondensation reaction. Furthermore, CCP can also adsorb naphthalene from gas phase, showing much higher capacity than active carbon does, which may have some potential applications in the field of separation and environment protection. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

The calcium-phosphorus and the simultaneous calcium-oxygen and calcium-sulfur equilibria in liquid iron

The equilibrium Ca₃P_2(s) = 3[Ca] + 2[P] was studied at 1600 ° by equilibrating liquid iron, saturated with Ca₃P₂, and contained in a TiN crucible, with Ca vapor. The source of Ca was liquid Ca contained in an Mo crucible, and the vapor pressure of Ca was varied by varying the position of the Mo crucible in the temperature gradient of a vertical tube furnace. A least-squares analysis of the data gave and. The simultaneous equilibria CaO_(s) = [Ca] + [O] and CaS_(s) = [Ca] + [S] were studied at 1600 ° by equilibrating liquid iron, contained in a pressed and sintered CaO-CaS crucible with Ca vapor. The advantage of this technique is that two equilibrium constants,K _cas andK _cao, and two interaction coefficients, and can be determined from one set of experiments. It was determined that, at 1600 °,K _cas = 5.9 × 10⁻⁸ K _cao = 5.5 × 10⁻⁹,, and. Formerly Graduate Students     

三箱式纺丝技术生产PET/PA6复合纤维

介绍了采用三箱式纺丝技术生产PET/PA6复合纤维的设备及工艺。重点对纺丝箱体、纺丝温度控制进行了详细的讨论。     

热熔凝聚法加工农药悬浮剂研究

介绍了采用热熔凝聚法对加工二氯喹磷酸、氟虫睛、乙霉威悬浮剂的试验结果，并测定了制剂的粒度分布、冷贮、热贮稳定性等理化性质。该法工艺简单、加工方便、节省能源、工业上切实可行。     

注塑模微机CAD系统

本文介绍了一个微机上运行的注塑模ＣＡＤ系统，此系统主要解决了四个难点，浇注系统设计，冷却系统分析，型腔，型芯的曲面造型设计，装配图和零件工作图的设计绘制，经厂家实际运用证明，该系统使用方便，结果正确，能提高设计效率，降低生产成本。     

Degradation of p-nitrotoluene by 03/H2 02 process and oxidation mechanism

The degradation of p-nitrotoluene by O2/H2O2 process in a bubble contact column was investigated.Effects of the molar ratio of hydrogen peroxide to ozone, pH value and t-butanol on the oxidation process were discussed. It was found that the proper H2 O2/O3 molar ratio for the degradation of p-nitrotoluene was around O. 6, different pH values and the presence of t-butanol highly influenced the removal efficiency of p-nitrotoluene. 5-metbyl-2-nitrophenol, 2-methy1-5-nitrophenol, (4-nitrophenyl) methanol, 5-(hydroxymethyl) -2-nitro phenol, acetic acid, 2-methylpropanc diacid and 2-(hydroxylmethyl) propane diacid were identified as degradation intermediates and products through GC-MS. Radical reaction mechanism and degradation pathway were proposed based on the results of experiments. It is deduced that the benzene ring of p-nitrotoluene can be only destroyed by hydroxyl radicals through a polyhydrexy intermediate pathway. Then unstable polybydroxy intermediates can be oxidized to different acids with low molecular weight rapidly.     

双阈值法在文字轮廓提取中的应用

在图像的边缘检测中,利用模角分离的小波变换,结合尺度独立的算法区分了阶梯型边界和跳跃型边界,从而提取了阶梯型边界．上述算法中需选择峰值阈值,将小波变换系数较小的点滤掉,但是一幅图像中边缘的奇异性并不均匀,对变换后的整幅图像取固定阈值时,那么微弱边缘将会随着因灰度不均匀、噪声等一并被滤除．针对这一问题,在上述算法中用双阈值法代替固定阈值,在文字图像轮廓提取中取得了较好的效果．