A novel integrated silicon capacitive microphone-floating electrode“electret” microphone (FEEM)

A novel principle “electret” microphone, i.e., floating electrode electret microphone, is proposed and implemented in this study. Single-chip fabrication and corrugation technique are used in the design and fabrication of the microphone. The floating electrode is encapsulated by highly insulated materials to ensure that there is no electric-leakage passage between the floating electrode and the electrodes of the microphone. Net-free electronic charges (not “bonded” charges as in traditional electret) in the floating electrode can excite the electric field, which is similar to that of the traditional electret. The floating electrode can be easily charged by use of the “hot” electron technique, available using the avalanche breakdown of the p⁺-n junction. Therefore, the electret microphone is rechargeable, which can greatly increase the lifetime of the device. The preamplifier has been on-chip integrated in a junction-field-effect transistor (JFET) source-follower type with resistors by use of ion implantation. Electret charges are banded in a deep potential trap, thus, this microphone can operate at a high temperature (as high as 300°C) and has high stability and reliability. Experiments show that the prototype has a 3-mV/Pa sensitivity and a larger than 21-kHz frequency bandwidth in a 1 mm ×1-mm diaphragm area. Microphone performance can be further improved by optimized process and design. The fabrication is completely integrated-circuit (IC) compatible, hence, the microphone shows promise in integrated acoustic systems     

低透气性煤层高压水力压裂—冲孔联合增透技术研究及应用

针对深部开采煤层普遍存在的构造应力复杂、透气性系数低、抽采效果差等问题,为探究最优的瓦斯抽采技术方案,以水溪煤矿K₁松软煤层为研究对象,分别采用水力压裂、水力冲孔、普通抽采和高压水力压裂—冲孔联合增透4种技术,进行现场对比应用试验。结果表明：高压水力压裂—冲孔联合增透技术对煤层透气性系数的提高程度分别为水力压裂、水力冲孔和普通抽采方案的1.85、1.61、6.30倍,抽采瓦斯纯流量分别提高了1.42、1.33、2.32倍,此外,抽采汇总瓦斯浓度(CH₄体积分数)保持在42.6%以上,抽采效率为四者之中最高。现场应用结果表明,高压水力压裂—冲孔联合增透技术具有明显的技术优势。     

The Hardness of the Closest Vector Problem With Preprocessing Over$ell_infty$Norm

We show that the closest vector problem with preprocessing (CVPP) over lscr _infin norm (CVPP_infin) is NP-hard. The result is obtained by the reduction from the subset sum problem with preprocessing to CVPP_infin. The reduction also shows the NP-hardness of CVP_infin, which is much simpler than all previously known proofs. In addition, we also give a direct reduction from exact 3-sets cover problem to CVPP_infin     

CMOS有源像素传感器特性分析与优化设计

设计了一个三管有源像素和其用开关电容放大器实现的双采样读出电路.该电路被嵌入一64×64像素阵列CMOS图像传感器,在Chartered公司0.35μm工艺线上成功流片.在8μm×8μm像素尺寸下实现了57%的填充因子.测得可见光响应灵敏度为0.8V/(lux·s),动态范围为50dB.理论分析和实验结果表明随着工艺尺寸缩小,像素尺寸减小会使光响应灵敏度降低.在深亚微米工艺条件下,较深的n阱/p衬底结光电二极管可以提供合理的填充因子和光响应灵敏度.     

Ku波段低相噪推-推式VCO单片集成电路

基于InGaP-GaAs HBT工艺设计了一款Ku波段推-推式压控振荡器(VCO)微波单片集成电路(MMIC)。采用改进的虚地反馈法对基本振荡单元的奇偶模进行了分析,用谐波平衡法对相位噪声和输出功率进行了优化设计。用ADS软件完成了原理图和电磁场仿真,用Candence Virtuoso完成了版图设计。此VCO MMIC频率覆盖14.5～15 GHz,在2.2 mm×1.2 mm的面积内集成了变容二极管、谐振电路、负阻产生电路,具有体积小、成本低、相位噪声低等特点。在4.2 V单电源电压下,其静态电流为150 mA,典型输出功率为10 dBm,频偏为100 kHz时的单边带相位噪声为-105 dBc/Hz。     

Ultra‐Lightweight and Highly Adaptive All‐Carbon Elastic Conductors with Stable Electrical Resistance

The rapid development of wearable electronics needs flexible conductive materials that have stable electrical properties, good mechanical reliability, and broad environmental tolerance. Herein, ultralow‐density all‐carbon conductors that show excellent elasticity and high electrical stability when subjected to bending, stretching, and compression at high strains, which are superior to previously reported elastic conductors, are demonstrated. These all‐carbon conductors are fabricated from carbon nanotube forms, with their nanotube joints being selectively welded by amorphous carbon. The joint‐welded foams have a robust 3D nanotube network with fixed nodes and mobile nanotube segments, and thus have excellent electrical and mechanical stabilities. They can readily scale up, presenting a new type of nonmetal elastic conductor for many possible applications.     

聪脑益智针法联合精神运动康复改善脑瘫认知障碍临床研究

摘 要:目的 观察聪脑益智针法联合精神运动康复改善脑瘫患儿认知功能障碍的临床疗效。方法 选取我院住院脑瘫患儿伴有认知功能障碍者100例为研究对象,以随机数字表法分为综合康复组、聪脑益智针法联合精神运动康复训练组各50例。两组患儿均以综合康复治疗为基础,治疗组在综合康复治疗基础上进行聪脑益智针刺联合精神运动康复训练治疗,两组患儿均治疗3个月,治疗前后均按参照有关文献拟定的疗效标准进行评定观察。结果 应用聪脑益智针法联合精神运动康复训练治疗脑瘫患儿认知功能障碍在提高智力方面亦优于常规综合治疗组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 聪脑益智针法联合精神运动康复可有效改善脑瘫患儿认知障碍,临床疗效明显,值得在临床上推广应用。     

在线自适应选择子空间的红外目标跟踪方法

传统基于子空间的目标跟踪方法以能量大小为准则建立子空间,没有考虑目标与背景之间的鉴别性,当两者间存在近似外观分布时将降低跟踪系统的性能。考虑到红外图像信噪比、对比度不高等特点,提出了一种以评估目标与背景间可区分能力为基础的子空间选择方法,并将该方法有效嵌入到粒子滤波跟踪框架下实现对红外目标的鲁棒跟踪。首先利用采样粒子分布以及当前目标状态,综合衡量粒子与目标间的特征分布差异和粒子逼近目标的程度来评估不同子空间的鉴别性,然后选择鉴别性最优的子空间作为下帧的跟踪子空间,从而实现对红外目标进行子空间自适应选择的鲁棒跟踪。对多个复杂场景下的目标跟踪实验表明所提出的算法要优于传统基于增量子空间学习的跟踪算法。     

“直接成方”矩形管生产工艺及设备的研究

为降低大直径矩形管的生产成本,满足建筑行业市场需求,对"直接成方"矩形管生产工艺流程和关键工序进行了研究。指出,"直接成方"成型过程中要保证成型角均大于90°,成型角的圆弧半径大于成品的圆弧半径,并且需要设计专用鹅颈上模;合缝(预焊)工序必须增加内撑辊装置;精整(轧制)工序上辊必须加工出焊缝余高通过槽,防止焊缝余高在精整过程中造成上板面塌陷。同时,对铣边机、成型机、合缝机、精整机、龙门移动矫直机等大直径矩形管主要生产设备的要求进行了阐述。对比研究表明,"直接成方"工艺较"先圆后方"工艺具有明显优势,能够节省设备、减少工序,从而降低生产成本。     

中心锥对液态燃料旋转爆轰发动机工作过程与性能的影响

为分析中心锥对液态燃料旋转爆轰发动机(RDE)工作特性的影响,在环形阵列式RDE上,以汽油/富氧空气为工质,开展了液态燃料RDE实验研究。测量发动机在不同中心锥位置l/L（l为燃烧室内壁面等直段末端与燃烧室外壁面末端的距离,L为燃烧室外壁面长度）和中心锥锥角θ时的一维推力,分析了推力和燃料比冲的变化趋势。实验结果表明：改变l/L和θ未对旋转爆轰波传播模态产生影响,各工况下旋转爆轰波均为双波对撞模态;受预爆轰管切向喷注孔的影响,双波对撞点无法稳定于预爆轰管出口附近;爆轰波传播速度和频率随中心锥位置的前移呈下降趋势,当l/L=0%、θ=20°时,推力和燃料比冲分别为951.6 N和1 151.8 s, 为所有实验工况中最大值;随着l/L或θ增大,爆轰产物轴向膨胀距离变短,中心锥头部突扩位置处膨胀波影响增强,外流场中心锥型面约束作用减弱且高温燃气径向膨胀增强,发动机出口高温燃气轴向分速度逐渐减小,发动机推力和燃料比冲逐渐减小;当l/L>25.5%或θ>40°时,受熄爆再起爆和膨胀波增强影响,发动机推力和燃料比冲下降速率增大。