埋地管道在冻土带的热力变形分析

埋地油气管道通过永冻土地带时,由于管内介质与周围的冻土发生了热力作用,使冰土解冻,在管道周围形成融化圈。文章分析了永冻土的特点,建立了永冻土地带土壤传热数学模型:融化圈内外传热方程、管道向土壤和土壤表面向大气所放热量的守恒关系、融化圈界面处土壤温度、相变界面处固相变为液相的传热条件。还建立了埋地管道模型,并以穿过永冻土地带土壤的输油管道为例,分析并计算了各种应力的最大值所在的位置和大小,提出了在永冻土地带减小管道热力变形的措施。     

Fenton试剂降低采油污水CODCr的研究与应用

针对辽河油区超稠油采油污水的特点，采用Fenton试剂催化氧化，对采油污水处理进行研究。实验研究及现场应用结果表明，此方法对污水的CODCr具有良好的去除效果。处理后污水经过简单生化，进一步降解污染物，能够实现稳定迭标排放，且具有能耗低、运行成本低和操作简单等特点。     

Comparison of total and faecal coliforms as faecal indicator in eutrophicated surface water.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of total coliforms (TC) and faecal coliforms (FC) using a membrane filtration method for precise monitoring of faecal pollution in Korean surface water. The samples were collected in Korea from both main rivers and their tributaries. Presumptive TC * FC were enumerated. The ratios of presumptive FC to TC were not constant, but varied widely, and TC were difficult to enumerate because of overgrowth by background colonies. For FC this was not the case. Seven hundred and three purified strains of presumptive TC * FC and their background colonies were biotyped using API 20E. Among 272 presumptive TC, non-faecal related species, Aeromonas hydrophila dominated (34.6%) and E. coli accounted for only 5.1%. In contrast, E. coli made up 89% of the 209 presumptive FC. Furthermore, of 164 background colonies on Endo Agar LES, 54.9% was A. hydrophila, while background colonies on m-FC Agar were few (58 strains), and despite their atypical colony appearance, most of them were biotyped as enteric bacteria. These results reveal that the detection of FC rather than TC using m-FC Agar is more appropriate for faecal pollution monitoring in eutrophicated surface water located in a temperate region.     

一种基于混沌同步的噪音衰减算法

论文提出了一种混沌通信系统的噪音衰减算法,该算法利用混沌同步现象在接收端获得正确的噪音估计值,从而从接收信号中滤除噪音恢复出正确的信号。通过数值仿真试验表明该方法是可行的。     

Abnormal junction profile of silicided p+/n shallowjunctions: a leakage mechanism

The leakage mechanism in p⁺/n shallow junctions fabricated using Co silicidation and shallow trench isolation processes has been investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) combined with selective chemical etching. TEM and TSUPREM-4 simulation results show that dopant profiles bend upward near the edge of the active region. The formation of the abnormal profile is attributed to transient enhanced diffusion induced by source/drain implantation. Based on the TEM and simulation results, it is suggested that the shallower junctions formed near the active edge can serve as a source for leakage current in the silicided p+ /n shallow junctions     

C-t analysis of MOS capacitors under constant current stress

The effect of high oxide field stress is studied using capacitance-time (C-t) measurements of MOS capacitors. The stress results in parallel shifts of the C-t curve along the time axis. The flatband voltage shift ΔV_FB obtained from the initial deep depletion capacitance C(t=0⁺) follows the same trend as that from the high-frequency C-V characteristics. However, the discrepancy between the two flatband voltages becomes larger as the stress increases due to the effect of interface charges on C-t characteristics. The flatband voltage difference is converted to interface trap density, showing a steady increase of interface trap density with stress, similar to that from low-frequency C-V measurements     

地面油管漏失定量测试方法探讨

对油管漏失进行定量测试的方法确定具体漏失位置。方法运用双频道回声探仪探测动液面的原理和工作方法，根据油管漏失形成的死油坏在测试曲线上出现特殊波位置判断油管漏失位置。结果：经过７０多井次的现场试验，该方法具有较高的准确性和可靠性。结论：利用特殊波可以有效监测油管漏失，并具有推广使用价值。     

Cell-mediated immunological responses in cervical and vaginal cancer patients immunized with a lipidated epitope of human papillomavirus type 16 E7

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been causally associated with cervical cancer. We tested the effectiveness of an HLA-A*0201-restricted, HPV-16 E7 lipopeptide vaccine in eliciting cellular immune responses in vivo in women with refractory cervical cancer. In a nonrandomized Phase I clinical trial, 12 women expressing the HLA-A2 allele with refractory cervical or vaginal cancer were vaccinated with four E786-93 lipopeptide inoculations at 3-week intervals. HLA-A2 subtyping was also performed, and HPV typing was assessed on tumor specimens. Induction of epitope-specific CD8+ T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses was analyzed using peripheral blood leukapheresis specimens obtained before and after vaccination. CTL specificity was measured by IFN-gamma release assay using HLA-A*0201 matched target cells. Clinical responses were assessed by physical examination and radiographic images. All HLA-A*0201 patients were able to mount a cellular immune response to a control peptide. E786-93-specific CTLs were elicited in 4 of 10 evaluable HLA-A*0201 subjects before vaccination, 5 of 7 evaluable HLA-A*0201 patients after two vaccinations, and 2 of 3 evaluable HLA-A*0201 cultures after all four inoculations. Two of three evaluable patients' CTLs converted from unreactive to reactive after administration of all four inoculations. There were no clinical responses or treatment toxicities. The ability to generate specific cellular immune responses is retained in patients with advanced cervical cancer. Vaccination with a lipidated HPV peptide epitope appears capable of safely augmenting CTL reactivity. Although enhancements of cellular immune responses are needed to achieve therapeutic utility in advanced cervical cancer, this approach might prove useful in treating preinvasive disease.     

印刷质量控制的基本方法(一)综述

无论哪一种印刷品的生产都要经过若干个工艺过程，才能将原稿上的图文信息转移到承印物上。由于印刷技术的飞跃发展，标准化和质量控制成为一个很重要的问题。标准化和质量控制在很大程度上是依靠仪器和控制装置来实现的。科学技术的极大发展，大大地推动了印刷技术的发展，印刷所使用的原材料和工艺得到了很大的改进，逐步实现了标准化，提高并稳定了生产高质量产品的能力。目前我们评价印刷品质量的优劣大致有三种方法：主观评价法、客观评价法和综合评价法。主观评价法，是以原稿为基础对照样张来评价。这里有人为的因素，根据评价人的知…     

二过碘酸合银（Ⅲ）钾引发丙类酸甲酯在淀粉上接枝共聚合反应的研究

研究了由二过碘酸合银（Ⅲ）钾（简称Ag(Ⅲ））与可溶性淀粉组成的氧化还原体系，于碱性介质中引发淀粉的接枝共聚合反应，得到高接枝效率的接枝共聚物，测定了引发剂浓度、单体浓度、pH值和反应温度对接枝参数的影响，并探讨了引发机理。