如何发挥建设单位在安全生产管理中的作用

在国家基础建设过程中,工程质量、进度、成本控制三大目标的实现是建立在安全生产的基础之上的,脱离了安全生产特别是防火、防触电、防高空坠落、防土方坍塌等安全措施的保障,就不能充分保证三大目标的实现。一般情况下,施工安全生产管理工作由承建商负责,建设单位不必直接参与安全生产管理工作,但在实际管理中,一旦建设单位积极参与建设工程安全生产管理工作,必将对进一步促进工程质量、进度、成本三大控制目标的实现产生重要的推动作用。下面,我就建设单位如何做好建设工程安全生产管理工作谈一下个人看法。1在招标文件中规定统一的安全生…     

基于分子动力学的胶粉改性沥青中胶粉与沥青相容性研究

为了研究胶粉改性沥青中胶粉与沥青之间的相容性,采用Materials Studio分子模拟软件,构建了沥青四组分代表分子模型与橡胶代表分子模型;同时以四组分分析试验为基础,构建了沥青分子组,在不同温度下对沥青分子组模型和橡胶代表分子模型进行了分子动力学计算,得到了两者的溶解度参数和分子势能.结果表明:沥青体系溶解度参数随着温度的升高逐渐减小;在160℃下沥青溶解度参数与橡胶代表分子——丁苯橡胶(SBR)溶解度参数差值达到最小,沥青与橡胶分子之间的势能达到最大,表明在160℃下沥青与胶粉达到最佳相状态;胶粉改性沥青整体相容稳定.     

不同脉冲电流作用下氧化锌压敏电阻伏安特性分析

传统MOV(氧化锌压敏电阻)主要用于后级保护,不进行10/350 μs波形冲击测试.随着MOV通流量等性能的提升,已有部分MOV产品应用于首级高暴露区线路,此时有必要开展MOV在10/350 μs波形冲击下的性能研究.根据双肖特基势垒模型,结合离子迁移理论,首次对MOV在10/350 μs与8/20 μs冲击波形下的动态伏安特性曲线进行对比分析得出:在两种脉冲电流冲击下,动态伏安曲线都可以用一个峰值△U来校准测量值;两者的动态伏安曲线中后期都有一个先上升后缓慢回环下降的趋势,前期10/350 μs的动态伏安曲线上升速度比8/20 μs快;大电流冲击下两者的峰值电压超前峰值电流的时间同冲击电流幅值成正比.这为厂家生产用于一级低压配电侧的MOV产品提供借鉴意义.     

Synthesis of hyperbranched conjugated polymers based on 3-hexylthiophene,triphenylamine and benzo [c] [1,2,5] thiadiazole moieties: convenient synthesis through suzuki polymerization and impact of structures on optical properties

Novel 3-hexylthiophene-based hyperbranched conjugated polymers containing triphenylamine and benzo [c] [1, 2, 5] thiadiazole moieties were synthesized by Suzuki coupling polymerization of tris (4-bromophenyl) amine, 2,2′-(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) bis(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane) and 4,7-dibromobenzo [c] [1, 2, 5] thiadiazole. Organic solvent-soluble polymers with number-average molecular weights of 24,000 and 42,000 g/mol were obtained in 54–57 % yields. Their structures, molecular weights and thermal properties were characterized via proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopies, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide-angle powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. Optical investigation by UV–vis and fluorescence spectroscopies revealed that the incorporation of the benzo [c] [1, 2, 5] thiadiazole moiety in the hyperbranched polymer structure resulted in a red-shift of the maximum absorption wavelength and an increase in the solution-photoluminescence quantum yield, indicating an extension of the conjugation length. The UV–vis, DSC and XRD results demonstrated that the aggregation of conjugated polymer chains could effectively be reduced by the hyperbranched structures and that conjugation length extension via the introduction of benzo [c] [1, 2, 5] thiadiazole units led to the coexistence of both crystalline and amorphous phases in the solid state and in solution upon addition of a non-solvent.     

基于利益分析视角谈中国城市空间资源配置的挑战与目标

城市空间资源配置不仅作为一种“技术手段”,更是一种利益分配过程.本文将城市空间视为一种稀缺资源,以利益分析的视角对空间资源属性、主体行为特征与配置方式的现状进行梳理,以建立空间资源配置目标.     

力反馈虚拟手术器械的设计

设计了一种二维虚拟手术器械,提出一种机械结构设计方案,以及软件实施方案.研究了虚拟手术器械设计中一些关键问题,如元器件选择,电机堵转等,并通过实验建立了电机堵转状况下的力矩模型.     

Decay-Accelerating Factor Creates an Organ-Protective Phenotype after Hemorrhage in Conscious Rats

Preclinical and clinical studies have shown that traumatic hemorrhage (TH) induces early complement cascade activation, leading to inflammation-associated multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Several previous studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of complement inhibition in anesthetized (unconscious) animal models of hemorrhage. Anesthetic agents profoundly affect the immune response, microcirculation response, and coagulation patterns and thereby may confound the TH research data acquired. However, no studies have addressed the effect of complement inhibition on inflammation-driven MODS in a conscious model of hemorrhage. This study investigated whether early administration of decay-accelerating factor (CD55/DAF, a complement C3/C5 inhibitor) alleviates hemorrhage-induced organ damage and how DAF modulates hemorrhage-induced organ damage. DAF was administered to unanesthetized male Sprague Dawley rats subjected to pressure-controlled hemorrhage followed by a prolonged (4 h) hypotensive resuscitation with or without lactated Ringer’s (LR). We assessed DAF effects on organ protection, tissue levels of complement synthesis and activation, T lymphocyte infiltration, fluid resuscitation requirements, and metabolic acidosis. Hemorrhage with (HR) or without (H) LR resuscitation resulted in significantly increased C3, C5a, and C5b-9 deposition in the lung and intestinal tissues. HR rats had significantly higher tissue levels of complement activation/deposition (particularly C5a and C5b-9 in the lung tissues), a higher but not significant amount of C3 and C5b-9 pulmonary microvascular deposition, and relatively severe injury in the lung and intestinal tissues compared to H rats. DAF treatment significantly reduced tissue C5b-9 formation and C3 deposition in the H or HR rats and decreased tissue levels of C5a and C3 mRNA in the HR rats. This treatment prevented the injury of these organs, improved metabolic acidosis, reduced fluid resuscitation requirements, and decreased T-cell infiltration in lung tissues. These findings suggest that DAF has the potential as an organ-protective adjuvant treatment for TH during prolonged damage control resuscitation.     

Thyroxine Regulates the Opening of the Organ of Corti through Affecting P-Cadherin and Acetylated Microtubule

Different serum thyroxine levels may influence the morphology of the inner ear during development. A well-developed organ of Corti (OC) is considered to be critical to the function of hearing. In our study, we treated mice with triiodothyronine (T3) and found that the opening of the OC occurred sooner than in control mice. We also observed an increased formation of acetylated microtubules and a decrease in the adhesion junction molecule P-cadherin the during opening of the OC. Our investigation indicates that thyroxin affects P-cadherin expression and microtubule acetylation to influence the opening of the OC.     

Cardioprotective Signaling Pathways in Obese Mice Submitted to Regular Exercise: Effect on Oxysterols

Exercise induces cardioprotection against myocardial infarction, despite obesity, by restoring pro-survival pathways and increasing resistance of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening at reperfusion. Among the mechanisms involved in the inactivation of these pathways, oxysterols appear interesting. Thus, we investigated the influence of regular exercise on the reperfusion injury salvage kinase (RISK) pathway, oxysterols, and mitochondria, in the absence of ischemia-reperfusion. We also studied 7β-hydroxycholesterol (7βOH) concentration (mass spectrometry) in human lean and obese subjects. Wild-type (WT) and obese (ob/ob) mice were assigned to sedentary conditions or regular treadmill exercise. Exercise significantly increased Akt phosphorylation, whereas 7βOH concentration was reduced. Moreover, exercise induced the translocation of PKCε from the cytosol to mitochondria. However, exercise did not affect the calcium concentration required to open mPTP in the mitochondria, neither in WT nor in ob/ob animals. Finally, human plasma 7βOH concentration was consistent with observations made in mice. In conclusion, regular exercise enhanced the RISK pathway by increasing kinase phosphorylation and PKCε translocation and decreasing 7βOH concentration. This activation needs the combination with stress conditions, i.e., ischemia-reperfusion, in order to inhibit mPTP opening at the onset of reperfusion. The human findings suggest 7βOH as a candidate marker for evaluating cardiovascular risk factors in obesity.