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JM Muche A Lukowsky K Asadullah S Gellrich W Sterry 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,90(4):1636-1642
Clonal T cells have been demonstrated in skin lesions of all stages of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs). However, there are conflicting data regarding the CTCL stage at which dissemination of clonal cells into peripheral blood occurs. Although the multifocal occurrence of cutaneous CTCL lesions and T-cell recirculation suggest an early appearance of neoplastic cells in the blood, circulating clonal T cells have only been detected in advanced stages. We investigated their occurrence by a highly sensitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay amplifying T-cell receptor gamma rearrangements and subsequent heteroduplex temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (HD-TGGE) of the amplification products. Circulating clonal T cells were found in 26 of 45 patients with mycosis fungoides (MF), six of seven with Sezary's syndrome (SS), 10 of 13 pleomorphic CTCLs, and three of four unclassified CTCLs. Corresponding skin specimens carried clonal T cells in 29 of 40 MF, three of four SS, 12 of 12 pleomorphic, and two of two unclassified CTCL patients. Except for the blood specimen of a psoriatic patient, all samples of 60 controls (psoriasis vulgaris, atopic dermatitis, and healthy volunteers) revealed polyclonal amplification products. In 30 of 32 CTCL patients carrying a clonal rearrangement in blood and skin, identity of both clones was indicated by HD-TGGE and confirmed by sequencing six of these cases. We found an unexpected high frequency of identical clonal T cells in peripheral blood and skin of CTCL patients, including early stages of MF. This supports the concept of an early systemic disease in CTCL and raises new questions concerning the pathogenesis. 相似文献
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On the Hybrid Optimal Control Problem: Theory and Algorithms 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A class of hybrid optimal control problems (HOCP) for systems with controlled and autonomous location transitions is formulated and a set of necessary conditions for hybrid system trajectory optimality is presented which together constitute generalizations of the standard Maximum Principle; these are given for the cases of open bounded control value sets and compact control value sets. The derivations in the paper employ: (i) classical variational and needle variation techniques; and (ii) a local controllability condition which is used to establish the adjoint and Hamiltonian jump conditions in the autonomous switching case. Employing the hybrid minimum principle (HMP) necessary conditions, a class of general HMP based algorithms for hybrid systems optimization are presented and analyzed for the autonomous switchings case and the controlled switchings case. Using results from the theory of penalty function methods and Ekeland's variational principle the convergence of these algorithms is established under reasonable assumptions. The efficacy of the proposed algorithms is illustrated via computational examples. 相似文献
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6.
Abdulla A. Shaikh S. M. Javaid Zaidi 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》1993,56(2):139-145
The absorption and reaction of oxygen in aqueous alkaline solutions of sodium dithionite has been experimentally investigated in a novel gas-liquid contactor. The novel gas-lift bubble column contactor was used to study the kinetics over wide ranges of reactant concentrations, temperature, and pH. The oxygen-sodium dithionite reaction was found to be first-order with respect to dithionite in the range of dithionite concentration < 0.1 M, and second-order in the range of dithionite concentration > 0.1 M. The reaction with respect to oxygen was found to be zero-order for all dithionite concentrations. These results and experimental investigations of the effect of solution alkalinity and temperature on the reaction rate are consistent with previous findings obtained in different gas-liquid contactors. The results thus confirm the feasibility of using the gas-lift bubble column for the kinetics of gas-liquid reactions. 相似文献
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Dielectric properties of ultrafine grained BaTiO(3) 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Shaikh AS Vest RW Vest GM 《IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control》1989,36(4):407-412
The dielectric constant and spontaneous polarization of fine-grained BaTiO(3) prepared from powder produced by metalloorganic decomposition technology were studied. The room-temperature dielectric constant of BaTiO(3) was found to increase sharply with increase in grain size, reach a maximum at about 0.4 mum, and decrease with further increase in grain size. Spontaneous polarization continuously decreased with decrease in grain size. A model is proposed to explain the grain size dependence of the dielectric constant. 相似文献
9.
We have prepared Schiff base adducts of the core aldehydes of phosphatidylcholine and aminophospholipids, free amino acids,
and myoglobin. The Schiff bases of the ethanolamine and serine glycerophospholipids were obtained by reacting sn-1-palmitoyl(stearoyl)-2-[9-oxo]nonanoyl-glycerophosphocholine (PC-Ald) with a twofold excess of the aminophospholipid in
chloroform/methanol 2∶1 (vol/vol) for 18 h at room temperature. The Schiff bases of the amino acids and myoglobin were obtained
by reacting the aldehyde with an excess of isoleucine, valine, lysine, methyl ester lysine and myoglobin in aqueous methanol
for 18 h at room temperature. Prior to isolation, the Schiff bases were reduced with sodium cyanoborohydride in methanol for
30 min at 4°C. The reaction products were characterized by normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and on-line
mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization. The amino acids and aminophospholipids yielded single adducts. A double adduct
was obtained for myoglobin, which theoretically could have accepted up to 23 PC-Ald groups. The yields of the products ranged
from 12 to 44% for the aminophospholipids and from 15–57% for the amino acids, while the Schiff base of the myoglobin was
estimated at 5% level. The new compounds are used as reference standards for the detection of high molecular weight Schiff
bases in lipid extracts of natural products.
Based on presentation at the AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo in Indianapolis, Indiana, April 28–May 1, 1996. 相似文献
10.
C. V. Jagtap V. S. Kadam T. T. Ghogare Y. A. Inamdar A. A. Shaikh R. S. Mane A. V. Shaikh 《Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics》2016,27(12):12335-12339
The chemical synthesis of pristine and cadmium-doped ZnO powders using a simple, cost-effective at 65 °C is reported and characterized for their structures, optical and morphological studies using X-ray diffraction, UV–visible–Near Infra-Red (UV–Vis–NIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy measurement techniques where XRD spectra confirm the formation of ZnO and Cd-doped ZnO with hexagonal crystal structure. The particle size of ZnO is reduced on Cd-doping from 16 to 14 nm. Plane-view surface morphology analysis supported for spherical-type crystallites and UV–Vis–NIR spectra reveal shift in the band edge of ZnO after Cd-doping. Photo-degradation study of Methylene Blue dye shows Pristine ZnO degrades dye faster than Cd-doped ZnO. 相似文献