"十一五"规划国家级重点通信项目

《信息产业科技发展“十一五”规划》提出设立部分重大项目,力争实现重点突破,形成一批具有自主知识产权的核心技术和创新产品,打造较为完整的产业链,形成世界一流的产业群。这其中,与通信相关的重点项目主要有:宽带无线移动通信、下一代网络、家庭网络、智能终端、数字电视等。本部分将对我国在以上领域的现状、项目的具体内容和目标、实现这些目标的具体计划以及相关厂商在各领域的努力和成绩进行介绍。     

Smooth muscle of the bladder in the normal and the diseased state: pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment

The smooth muscle of the normal bladder wall must have some specific properties. It must be very compliant and able to reorganise itself during filling and emptying to accommodate the change in volume without generating any intravesical pressure, but whilst maintaining the normal shape of the bladder. It must be capable of synchronous activation to generate intravesical pressure at any length to allow voiding. The cells achieve this through spontaneous electrical activity combined with poor electrical coupling between cells, and a dense excitatory innervation. In the diseased state, alterations of the smooth muscle may lead to failure to store or failure to empty properly. The diseased states discussed are bladder instability and diabetic neuropathy. Bladder instability is characterised urodynamically by uninhibitable rises in pressure during filling, and is seen idiopathically and in association with bladder outflow obstruction and neuropathy. In diabetic neuropathy, many of the smooth muscle changes are a consequence of diuresis, but there is evidence for alterations in the sensory arm of the micturition reflex. In the unstable bladder, additional alterations of the smooth muscle are seen, which are probably caused by the patchy denervation that occurs. The causes of this denervation are not fully established. Nonsurgical treatment of instability is not yet satisfactory; neuromodulation has some promise, but is expensive, and the mechanisms poorly understood. Pharmacological treatment is largely through muscarinic receptor blockade. Drugs to reduce the excitability of the smooth muscle are being sought, since they may represent a better pharmacological option.     

一种多晶硅高温压力传感器

制作压力传感器时，在二氧化硅层上淀积多晶硅膜，既可利用优良的机械特性，又可保证压敏电阻与衬底间具有良好的绝缘性，由此可大大提高器件的温度特性。介绍了一种多晶硅压力传感器的原理和设计。实验结果表明，这类传感器具有灵敏度好，精度高等特点，电路工作范围为０－２５０℃，且具有良好的温度稳定性。     

No influence of echinocytic shape transformation of erythrocytes on phagocytosis by autologous monocytes in vitro

Lichen sclerosus is a chronic skin condition with a predilection for the genital area. In the present study, 35 male patients with lichen sclerosus were interviewed and examined. Blood screens were performed and histology was requested if not already performed. The findings indicate that lichen sclerosus in males exists as a spectrum of disease, ranging from a mild form with white plaques and few symptoms to a severe form with inflammation, atrophy and scarring with possible urological consequences. In many areas it differs from the condition in females; the association with autoimmune disease is weaker and there is less perianal and extragenital involvement. The association with malignancy in males is of lesser significance than initially believed.     

HIV arthritis

Whether reexposure of varicella-immune persons to varicella-zoster virus would protect against or predispose to development of zoster was analyzed. The rate of zoster in 511 leukemic recipients of varicella vaccine who had 1 or > 1 dose of varicella vaccine and in those who did or did not have a household exposure to varicella was determined. A Kaplan-Meier life-table analysis revealed that the incidence of zoster was lower in those given > 1 dose of vaccine (P < .05). A Cox proportional hazards analysis showed that both household exposure to varicella and receipt of > 1 dose of vaccine were highly protective (P < .01) against zoster. Thus, the risk of zoster is decreased by reexposure to varicella-zoster virus, either by vaccination or by close exposure to varicella.     

川中丘陵区一种新型小流域径流输沙模型的建立与应用

径流输沙模型对定量评价水沙的输出响应具有重要的意义。本研究在已有研究成果的基础上，通过对四川盐亭县林山西沟小流域的径流、泥沙进行现场观测与分析，提出含沙量单位线的定义及其确定方法，建立了适应该小流域的径流输沙模型。并应用实测资料进行比较，表明模型的模拟结果可靠，模拟过程确定性系数达0．8以上，为川中丘陵区小流域径流输沙过程的预测预报提供了一个新方法。     

Tunable circular patch antennas

A method to control the resonant or operating frequencies of circular patch antennas has been investigated experimentally and theoretically. It consists of the placement of passive metallic or tuning posts at approximate locations within the input region of the antenna. Comparison of measured and analytical results seems to establish the validity of a theoretical model proposed to determine the input performance of such circular patch antennas.