Control of complex ecological-economic systems

The paper is devoted to developing methods for control of ecological-economic systems consisting of three hierarchically subordinate subjects of control. In describing the dynamics of a system state, equations in partial derivatives that are solved numerically according to a semi-implicit scheme of the finite-difference method are used. To achieve its main goal (maintenance of an ecological subsystem in stable state), the subject of control of the upper level applies different control methods. Methods of hierarchical control (motivation, enforcement, and persuasion) that differ in the direction of action (on the objective function or domain of admissible controls) are proposed; examples of their use are represented and a comparative analysis of the obtained results is made.     

On the regularity of perfect 2-colorings of the Johnson graph

We study perfect colorings of the Johnson graph in two colors. We give sufficient conditions for a perfect coloring of the Johnson graph to be k-regular and present examples of perfect colorings. The proof of the theorem is in many respects similar to the proof of the result by Etzion and Schwartz [1] on k-regularity of perfect codes.     

Three-level control systems for ecological-economic objects with fan structure

Mathematical formalization of control systems for ecological-economic objects with fan-type organizational structure is suggested. These systems are considered using three-level model of superficial water quality control systems as the corresponding example. The methods of compulsion and impetus are involved as the ones of hierarchical control. A certain algorithm to evaluate the solution is developed; some natural examples are provided and the obtained results are analyzed.     

Malfunctioning of Microcontroller Irradiated with Ultrashort Ultrabroadband Pulse Trains

Effect of the number of ultrashort ultrabroadband pulses with a repetition rate of 1 kHz on malfunctioning of microcontroller in radio transparent housing is studied when the device is irradiated using pulse trains at a pulse duration of about 10^–10 s and radiation frequencies ranging from 1 to 30 GHz. The radiation is received by internal conducting stripes that connect the electronic circuit and external outputs. The malfunction probability is determined by the number of pulses in the pulse train, pulse number, and electric field strength. It is shown that malfunctioning is predominantly caused by the leading pulses in the pulse train.     

Vertical coalitions in hierarchical three-level control systems of fan-like structure

By the example of a river-water quality control system, we consider different types of coalitions in hierarchical systems of fan-like structure for three-level control. We use the method of incentives as a control method. Algorithms for constructing equilibriums and a number of typical examples are presented. Conclusions on the benefits and shortcomings of different types of vertical coalitions are made.     

Evaluation of the state of the dam and rock foundation of the Zeya hydroelectric station

Conclusions  

“Hidden” recording of phase holograms with self-amplification in a polymer with photoinduced diffusion

The possibility of minimizing the diffraction efficiency of a volume phase holographic grating while recording in a medium with diffusion self-amplification is considered. The recording process is modeled to demonstrate that the diffraction efficiency can be varied from 0.02 to 0.003 (50–250 gain). The results of the analysis are confirmed by the experimental data.     

Dynamic Models for Coordinating Private and Public Interests in Economic Corruption

Journal of Computer and Systems Sciences International - Dynamic game-theoretic models of fighting against the corrupt behavior of subjects in the models for coordinating private and public...     

Fas (CD95) participates in peripheral T cell deletion and associated apoptosis in vivo

Following exposure to some types of antigen (superantigens), responsive T cells expand and then decline in numbers, a phenomenon that has been called 'peripheral deletion'. This process may play a role in limiting autoimmune reactions and in the maintenance of immune homeostasis. Here we describe experiments on peripheral deletion in mice carrying the lpr/lpr defect, which has been shown to be due to defective production of the CD95/Fas molecule. Young lpr/lpr mice with no apparent immunologic abnormalities display a defect in bacterial superantigen-induced peripheral deletion. Apoptotic death of the expanded T cell population associated with such peripheral deletion. Apoptotic death of the expanded T cell population associated with such peripheral deletion in normal animals is dramatically reduced in the mutant mice. Further, the levels of Fas on responding cells in normal mice increases and decreases together with increases and decreases in cell numbers, suggesting that cells with the highest levels of Fas are preferentially deleted. These observations are consistent with the known ability of CD95 to transduce a signal leading to apoptosis, and they implicate this signal transduction pathway in peripheral deletion. In contrast, bacterial superantigen-induced deletion of thymocytes appears to be fully functional in these mice, and thus Fas/APO-1 does not appear to be required for this process. Further, antibody ligation of the TCR on activated T cells from normal or young lpr/lpr mice can induce apoptosis and therefore under some circumstances this phenomenon is not dependent upon CD95/Fas. Thus, to avoid autoreactivity and ensure immune homeostasis, several different apoptotic mechanisms exist in peripheral T lymphocytes, only some of which involve Fas.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)