Physicochemical and technological properties of beef burger as influenced by the addition of pea fibre

This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics and sensory attributes of beef burgers with the addition of pea fibre as a partial substitute of meat or fat. Three formulations were prepared: control (CON) – similar to the commercial formulation; fibre/less meat (FLM)—5% meat reduction and addition of 1% pea fibre; fibre/less fat (FLF)—7% fat reduction and addition of 1% pea fibre. Non-significant differences were obtained for pH, colour parameters (L* and b*), texture profile, cooking loss and size reduction among formulations. Moreover, sensory analysis with consumers of beef burgers did not indicate differences among the formulations for all the analysed attributes. Therefore, pea fibre is a promising partial replacer for meat and fat in beef burgers due to the preservation of technological parameters and sensory acceptance.     

浅谈应用标准进行软件测试

国家标准GB T175 44规定了软件包的质量要求及针对这些要求如何对软件包进行测试的细则。质量要求从产品描述、用户文档、程序及数据三个方面进行了规定 ,测试细则依据这些规定制定。ISO IEC912 6 (1991)版由ISO IEC 912 6 (软件产品质量 )和ISO IEC14 5 98(软件产品评测 )两个标准代替 ,ISO IEC912 6表述了软件产品质量的内部质量、外部质量和使用中的质量 ,规定了内部质量、外部质量的六个质量特性 ,并细分为 2 1个子特性 ,使用中的质量规定了四个使用质量特性 ,使用质量是指六个软件产品质量特性的综合效果。进行软件测试时 ,可以依据GB T175 44中的规定组织测试过程再结合ISO IEC912 6中的质量特性及子特性的规定确定测试需求的内容和测试的重点 ,利用ISO IEC912 6质量的规定建立质量评级的标准。     

Estimation of the density of the filtered Poisson impulse process:a parametric approach

The Poisson driven pth order autoregressive (PDAR(p )) process is defined as the output of a continuous-time autoregressive system, driven by a stationary Poisson impulse process. An explicit formula for estimating the density of the Poisson impulse process is derived by combining the second- and third-order cumulants of the discretized PDAR(p) process. The validity of the proposed method is assessed through Monte Carlo simulations in some specific examples     

鞍钢朝阳钢铁焦化除尘器优化实践

针对鞍钢集团朝阳钢铁有限公司除尘布袋破损查找困难、操作时间长、易出现破损布袋漏检造成排放超标等问题,分析了装煤除尘器布袋使用寿命低的原因.通过采取装煤除尘器增加离线阀和将防水腐蚀的PTFE材质作为布袋缝合线的措施,以及荧光粉测漏方法,有效延长了除尘布袋整体更换周期,缩短了测漏操作时间,降低了布袋更换成本,节约除尘器成本约15.23万元/年,提高了查找破损布袋的全面性和准确性,降低了环保风险.     

对分课堂在人机交互设计课程中的应用

人机交互设计课程涉及的知识面广、涵盖领域众多,采用传统授课方式很难激发学生的兴趣,导致授课效果不理想.对分课堂的授课方式将传统的讲授与课堂讨论相结合,将课堂时间一分为二,通过先讲授,再布置作业,最后展开隔堂讨论,进而达到内化吸收、巩固知识的效果.对分课堂可逐步改善人机交互设计课程中教师讲授和学生学习过程中所面临的困境,激发学生自主学习的动力,增强学生探索新知识的欲望和信心,达到授人以渔的目的.     

基于RBF神经网络优化的装备保障系统效能评估

针对现有装备保障系统效能评估方法存在依赖专家经验、主观性强等问题,提出一种基于径向基函数（RBF）神经网络优化的装备保障系统效能评估方法。通过完备交叉与预变异策略对遗传算法（GA）进行改进,利用改进的GA对RBF神经网络中心、宽度及输出权值进行全局寻优,并采用优化的RBF神经网络实现装备保障系统效能评估。仿真结果表明,该方法相比AGA-RBF和GA-RBF评估方法能更准确地评估装备保障系统效能值,并且可在一定程度上降低评估过程中主观因素的影响,确保评估结果更客观真实。     

改进灰狼优化算法的K-Means文本聚类

针对K-Means算法在文本聚类过程中易陷入局部最优,造成文本聚类结果不准确的问题,提出了一种基于改进灰狼优化算法的K-Means文本聚类方法。在对文本数据进行分词、去停用词、特征提取以及文本向量化后,通过免疫克隆选择选出精英个体,并对精英个体进行深度探索以增加灰狼种群的多样性,避免早熟收敛现象的发生;将粒子群位置更新思想与灰狼位置更新结合,降低灰狼优化算法陷入局部极值的风险;与K-Means算法结合进行文本聚类。所提算法与K-Means算法、GWO-KMeans以及IPSK-Means算法相比,其准确率、召回率和F值平均都有明显提高,文本聚类结果更可靠。     

不完备系统多准则决策的云PDR方法

针对多准则决策问题的意义以及经典粗糙集方法在不完备系统方案排序问题中的不足,在前人基于概率优势关系(PDR)排序方法的基础上,结合云理论提出了基于云概率优势关系的不完备系统多准则决策方法,即云PDR排序法。将期望、熵、超熵等参数引入PDR方法,充分考虑了决策的模糊性、波动性和随机性,评价过程和结果更加客观全面。以煤炭资源型城市为例进行应用研究,获得其中各城市发展水平及其波动情况的排序,并通过与其他方法结果的比较验证了本文方法的优势与有效性。     

MgO前驱体对甲烷部分氧化整体催化剂的影响

研究了以不同MgO前驱体为过渡载体负载NiO的蜂窝陶瓷整体催化剂对甲烷部分氧化制备合成气反应过程的影响.采用X射线衍射(XRD)、H2程序升温还原实验(H2-TPR)和N2吸附等手段表征了前驱体及其负载活性组分NiO后的晶相、还原特性和吸附性能.在反应温度500～800℃、不同空速以及氧气与甲烷物质的量之比(O2/CH4)不同的条件下考察了催化剂活性.结果表明,NiO/MgO-Cl和NiO/MgO-S活性低、失活快;NiO/MgO-N催化剂活性高、稳定性好,这主要是由于前驱体在沉淀过程中形成不同物种,导致焙烧后载体及催化剂表面积和还原特性的差异.NiO/MgO-N催化剂在800℃,质量空速9 723 h-1及O2/CH4为0.5时,CH4转化率87.2%.H2和CO的选择性分别为100%和87.3%.     

Protein Misfolding and Aggregation in the Brain: Common Pathogenetic Pathways in Neurodegenerative and Mental Disorders

Mental disorders represent common brain diseases characterized by substantial impairments of social and cognitive functions. The neurobiological causes and mechanisms of psychopathologies still have not been definitively determined. Various forms of brain proteinopathies, which include a disruption of protein conformations and the formation of protein aggregates in brain tissues, may be a possible cause behind the development of psychiatric disorders. Proteinopathies are known to be the main cause of neurodegeneration, but much less attention is given to the role of protein impairments in psychiatric disorders’ pathogenesis, such as depression and schizophrenia. For this reason, the aim of this review was to discuss the potential contribution of protein illnesses in the development of psychopathologies. The first part of the review describes the possible mechanisms of disruption to protein folding and aggregation in the cell: endoplasmic reticulum stress, dysfunction of chaperone proteins, altered mitochondrial function, and impaired autophagy processes. The second part of the review addresses the known proteins whose aggregation in brain tissue has been observed in psychiatric disorders (amyloid, tau protein, α-synuclein, DISC-1, disbindin-1, CRMP1, SNAP25, TRIOBP, NPAS3, GluA1, FABP, and ankyrin-G).