Effects of Agaricus bisporus on gel properties of chicken myofibrillar protein

The gel-forming ability of myofibrillar protein (MP) is highly correlated with the characteristics of emulsified meat products. Incorporation of Agaricus bisporus (Ab) powder into MP gels may enhance its gel properties to facilitate the development of a novel and safe meat product. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of Ab powder on gel strength, water holding capacity (WHC), texture, rheological behaviour, LF-NMR spin–spin relaxation (T₂), microstructure and protein secondary structure of the MP gel system. The results indicated that the gel strength, WHC, G' value and G" value were significantly improved when the addition of Ab powder increased from 0% to 6% (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the T₂ relaxation time was shortened, and free water was transformed into immobilised water. The texture of the gel was improved when 1%–4% Ab powder was added compared to the control. Furthermore, Ab filled in the gel network and promoted the unfolding of MP α-helix and the formation of MP β-sheet during the thermal denaturation of MP, leading to a dense aggregated network structure. The study suggested that Ab could be a promising ingredient in improving chicken MP's gel properties and developing fat-reduced meat products.     

911事件的警示和教训

20 0 1年 9月 11日 ,在两架被劫持的喷气式客机撞击纽约世界贸易中心 ,数千加仑燃烧着的喷气客机燃料喷洒到多个楼层之后差不多一个小时内 ,世界贸易中心仍然高耸在曼哈顿上空。当浓烟从毁坏的外墙滚滚而出并在世界贸易中心内迅速蔓延时 ,纽约市的最高建筑 ,110层双塔的 2 4 4根密密排列的钢柱仍然支撑着整个大楼。然而 ,上午 9时 5 0分 ,136 2英尺 (415米 )高的南塔突然倒塌。大约半个小时后 ,136 8英尺 (418米 )高的北塔接着倒塌。纽约世界贸易中心遭恐怖袭击倒塌事件 ,震惊世界。这起事件在许多方面给消防工作提出了警示 ,其教训也是非常…     

特大城市地区如何引领实现百年目标

正吴唯佳(中国城市规划学会常务理事,清华大学建筑学院教授,本学术对话主持人):在2020年全面建成小康社会、实现第一个百年目标后,我国将为2049年实现第二个百年目标,建设现代化强国而奋斗。北京、天津、武汉等城市此前已开始加强2049战略研究。特大城市地区是以特大城市为核心,大中小城市相结合的城市密集地区,是我国现代化、城市化的战略引领地区。如何肩负使命,总结经验,认识规律,引领实现     

一种具有选相控制功能的智能终端研究与实现

智能终端是智能变电站自动化系统过程层的重要设备。选相控制技术是解决高压断路器投切负载瞬时电磁效应的有效措施。本文将二者有机融合,提出了一种具有选相控制功能的智能终端的实现方案。简单介绍了选相控制技术的基本原理,对所提方案设计需求进行了简要分析,并对该方案主要部分的实现进行了深入研究和详细阐述。通过对样机试验验证,该新型智能终端既能作为常规智能终端使用,又能提供良好的选相控制功能,具有较强的实用性。     

Efficient Catalyst for Both Suzuki and Heck Cross‐Coupling Reactions: Synthesis and Catalytic Behaviour of Geometry‐ Constrained Iminopyridylpalladium Chlorides

A series of geometry‐constrained iminopyridyl‐palladium chlorides were synthesized and characterized. These phosphine‐free palladium complexes were explored for their catalytic activities in both Suzuki and Heck cross‐coupling reactions, achieving turnover numbers as high as 10⁶ towards various aryl bromides, even those containing various functionalities. In addition, the influence of substituents with steric and electronic factors was reflected by the differences observed in their activities.

     

Synthesis of 3D graphene/MnO2 nanocomposites with hierarchically porous structure for water purification

Journal of Porous Materials - In this work, a three-dimensional (3D) graphene/manganese dioxide nanocomposite (PGA/MnO2) with a hierarchically porous structure was prepared by facile steam...     

Unravelling Chinese industrial structure optimization paths within Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership considering the virtual trade of water and water pollutants

Massive commodity transactions lead to enormous virtual water and water pollution transfer; this phenomenon will be intensified within the process of Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) enforcement. This study applied multi-regional input–output and scenario simulation approach to reveal the virtual water elements flow, while exploring the trade structure optimisation roadmap for China. Results unveiled that China was a virtual water net exporter (9.17 billion tons), also the largest importer of water pollutants (N 622456 tons and P 136110 tons) among RCEP countries in 2015. In order to alleviate the water pressure in China, the textiles and other manufacturing industries should be limited, while the service industry is encouraged. Optimal scenario can realize 29.8% water conservation and 8% water pollutants reduction and also achieve a 36.5 million dollars trade volume increase. This research improves trade-off balance between water environment and economy at multi-regional level and accelerates green trade in economic partnerships globally.     

复合果蔬肉制品研究与应用进展

为促进肉制品生产的多样性并同时拓展果蔬的应用领域,使得肉制品营养、保健、色泽诱人且口味独特,在肉制品的加工中添加果蔬形成复合果蔬肉制品,已经成为肉制品发展的一个新方向,开发及应用前景广阔。果蔬的添加形式与添加量、工艺路线等因产品形式不同而异。本文综述了近年来复合果蔬肉制品的研究进展情况,包括原料研究、新产品的开发、关键技术研究、研究与应用存在的一些主要问题及应对策略,以期为肉类深加工、果蔬的充分利用及高档复合肉制品的开发提供借鉴参考。      

Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Fatty Acid Desaturase (FAD) Genes in Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz

Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz is an indispensable oilseed crop, and its seeds contain many unsaturated fatty acids. FAD (fatty acid desaturase) regulates the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids. In this research, we performed CsFAD gene family analysis and identified 24 CsFAD genes in Camelina, which were unevenly distributed on 14 of the 19 total chromosomes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that CsFAD includes four subfamilies, supported by the conserved structures and motifs of CsFAD genes. In addition, we investigated the expression patterns of the FAD family in the different tissues of Camelina. We found that CsFAD family genes were all expressed in the stem, and CsFAD2-2 was highly expressed in the early stage of seed development. Moreover, during low temperature (4 °C) stress, we identified that the expression level of CsFAD2-2 significantly changed. By observing the transient expression of CsFAD2-2 in Arabidopsis protoplasts, we found that CsFAD2-2 was located on the nucleus. Through the detection and analysis of fatty acids, we prove that CsFAD2-2 is involved in the synthesis of linolenic acid (C18:3). In conclusion, we identified CsFAD2-2 through the phylogenetic analysis of the CsFAD gene family and further determined the fatty acid content to find that CsFAD2-2 is involved in fatty acid synthesis in Camelina.     

濮城油田沙三中6-10油藏活性纳米粉体降压增注技术研究

濮城油田沙三中6-10油藏为低渗油藏,因注入水质差,造成对地层的伤害,注水压力不断上升。通过分析造成地层伤害的主要因素,为控制注水压力的上升,提出了活性纳米降压增注技术,并在室内进行了研究,从活性材料选择、表面修饰剂选择、分散介质选择以及纳米粉体水分散最佳浓度进行了室内筛选,指出了纳米酸化技术的可行性。在室内研究的基础上,在现场开展了10口井活性纳米技术的应用,取得了良好的效果。