Use of cult in the teaching of psychology of religion and spirituality.

The word cult has many conflicting definitions across scholarly fields, yet instructors commonly use it in the teaching of psychology. Distinctions between cults and other groups are differences of degree and often rest on a group’s size, the unusualness of its beliefs, the outcomes of its actions, and the perceived role of its leader. Use of cult by teachers of psychology suggests that cults are categorically distinct from other groups and brings negative connotations to cults, their members, and former members. Teachers of psychology should explicitly address these issues and avoid the term cult. Additionally, teachers, researchers, and practitioners of psychology should evaluate the behavior of groups, the degree of social influence, the presence of deception, and potential abuse. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Does marital agony precede marital ecstasy? A comment on Gottman and Krokoff's "Marital interaction and satisfaction: A longitudinal view."

In a recent article, J. M. Gottman and L. J. Krokoff (see record 1989-25730-001) presented a fascinating and counterintuitive portrayal of a temporally related dynamic relationship of marital conflict and marital satisfaction. Unfortunately the results from which their conclusions spring are quite problematic. In a 2-wave, extreme-groups design, Gottman and Krokoff used raw change in satisfaction as a correlate of Time 1 conflict variables for purposes of analysis. Serious psychometric questions arise with this approach to the causal assessment of change. Given the considerations raised, there is a high likelihood that Gottman and Krokoff's data result from statistical artifact. Alternative approaches to the measurement of change are discussed in the context of illustrating the problematic components of Gottman and Krokoff's analysis. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Micromechanical models for saturated concrete repaired by the electrochemical deposition method

Cracks significantly deteriorate the in situ performance of concrete members and structures, particularly tunnel structures embedded in saturated soft soils. To investigate the mechanical mechanism of the electrochemical deposition method (EDM), which is a newly developed healing method for cracked concrete under an aqueous environment, micromechanical models are proposed based on the saturated concrete microstructure and the EDM’s healing mechanism. In this framework, two types of homogenization methods are presented to predict the effective properties of concrete repaired by the EDM, which analytically illustrate the deposition healing process by micromechanics. The micromechanical models consider the volume fractions of water and deposition products, the water effects (including further hydration and viscosity in pores), and the shapes of the pores in the concrete. Furthermore, the proposed micromechanical models are compared with available experimental results, extreme states during the EDM’s healing process, and the Voigt upper bound and the Reuss lower bound, thus illustrating the feasibility and capability of the proposed micromechanical models. Finally, the influences of the deposition product properties on the healing effectiveness of the EDM are investigated based on the proposed micromechanical framework.     

Comorbid panic disorder and major depression: implications for cognitive-behavioral therapy

The Fourier transform infrared spectrum of H3SiI has been recorded in the nu1/nu4 region from 2075 to 2315 cm-1 at an optical resolution of 2.3 x 10(-3) cm-1. The nu1/nu4 fundamental bands and the (nu1 + nu3) - nu3/(nu4 + nu3) - nu3 hot bands have been rotationally investigated. Numerous local perturbations have been observed in the nu1 and nu4 bands and in the hot bands. Without the lines involved in perturbations, more than 2900 transitions of the nu1/nu4 bands were used to determine the band origins and the vibration-rotation parameters of the nu1 = 1 and nuv4 = 1 states. A least-squares fit of 766 apparently unperturbed transitions of the hot bands gave the parameters of the nu1 = nu3 = 1 and nu4 = nu3 = 1 states. The l(2, 2) resonance in nu4 and the A1-E Coriolis coupling between nu1 and nu4 have been investigated. Most of the local perturbations have been studied individually using a simple model by which the main perturber for each resonance was identified. Copyright 1998 Academic Press.     

Externality as a function of obesity in children: Pervasive style or eating-specific attribute?

The developmental sources of the link between stylistic externality and food-related externality found in the obese by S. Schachter and his associates (e.g., Schachter and J. Rodin, 1974) were explored by testing whether the externality phenomena that have been found to differentiate obese and normal adults are also discriminators of obese and normal children. Based on teacher ratings of obesity, 28 distinctly overweight and 28 normal weight Ss in Grades 2–5 were selected. Ss were assessed on 3 measures (a) the eating of shelled or unshelled peanuts, (b) their estimations of the length of a boring or interesting film, and (c) their rod-and-frame test-measured field dependence. Results suggest that obese children as young as 7–22 yrs of age show an external responsiveness to salient food cues but do not yet show a generally external perceptual style. (33 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Anxiety sensitivity and depression: How are they related?

Anxiety sensitivity is the fear of anxiety-related bodily sensations, which arises from beliefs that the sensations have harmful somatic, psychological, or social consequences. Elevated anxiety sensitivity, as assessed by the Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI), is associated with panic disorder. The present study investigated the relationship between anxiety sensitivity and depression. Participants were people with panic disorder (n?=?52 ), major depression (n?=?46), or both (n?=?37 ). Mean ASI scores of each group were elevated, compared to published norms. Principal components analysis revealed 3 factors of anxiety sensitivity: (a) fear of publicly observable symptoms, (b) fear of loss of cognitive control, and (c) fear of bodily sensations. Factors 1 and 3 were correlated with anxiety-related measures but not with depression-related measures. Conversely, factor 2 was correlated with depression related measures but not with anxiety-related measures. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

臭豆腐之绍兴

臭豆腐汉语里习惯用豆腐来形容美人儿的肤质细腻美好,吹弹可破。其实,豆腐并不都是白嫩的,臭豆腐才是豆腐家族中最给力的品类。臭豆腐在中国的制作方式和食用方式均存在地区上的差异,南干北乳,更有云南的独特"制臭"法,让人眼界大开的同时也食指大动。