维拉诺瓦巴奎因城市公园

维拉诺瓦巴奎因城市公园坐落在里斯本市区，倚靠葡萄牙最长的河流——塔古斯河的右岸。在塔古斯河谷的大型综合项目中，包含了对这片10hm^2土地的改造，以重新评估它的城市和景观价值。     

Intraoperative tumor detection: relative performance of single-element, dual-element, and imaging probes with various collimators

Accurate tumor staging depends on finding all tumor sites, and curative surgery requires the removal of ail cancerous tissue from those sites. One technique for locating tumors is to inject patients before surgery with a radiotracer that is preferentially taken up by cancerous tissue. Then, an intraoperative gamma-sensitive probe is used to locate the tumors. Small (<1-cm diameter) tumors, often undetectable by external imaging and by the standard surgical inspection with sight and touch, can be found with probes, Simple calculations and measurements with radioactive tumor models show that small tumors should be detected by single-element probes, but often such probes fail to detect these small tumors in practice. This discrepancy is often caused by the use of a uniform background to predict probe performance, Real backgrounds are nonuniform and can decrease probe performance dramatically. Dual-element, coincidence, or imaging probes may solve the background problem. The authors devised a method to predict probe performance in a realistic background which includes variations in normal organ uptakes. They predict the relative performance of both existing probes and those in the design stage so that optimal detector and collimator configurations can be determined. The procedure includes a Monte-Carlo-calculated point-response function, a numerical torso phantom, and measured biodistributions of a monoclonal antibody. The Hotelling Trace Value, a measure of tumor-detection performance, is computed from the probe responses in simulated studies.     

Image blurring of thick specimens due to MeV transmission electron scattering: a Monte Carlo study

Image blurring of MeV transmission electrons for gold nanoparticles on the top surface of micrometer-thick specimens has been investigated using the Monte Carlo simulation. Both the simulated line density profile and therefore image blurring were in good agreement with the experimental ones in the ultrahigh voltage electron microscope. Quantitative effects of specimen thickness and electron energy on image blurring were presented, in which the specimen thickness had a greater influence. Image blurring was demonstrated to be caused mainly by multiple elastic scattering, but it could be reduced to several nanometers for a 5?μm thick epoxy-resin specimen at the electron energy of 2?MeV.     

Biosynthesis and identification of volatiles released by the myxobacterium Stigmatella aurantiaca

The volatiles released by agar plate cultures of two strains of the myxobacterium Stigmatella aurantiaca (strains Sg a15 and DW4/3-1) were collected in a closed-loop stripping apparatus (CLSA) and analyzed by GC-MS. Large numbers of substances from different compound classes (ketones, esters, lactones, terpenes, and sulfur and nitrogen compounds) were identified; several of them are reported from natural sources for the first time. The volatiles 2-methyltridecan-4-one (17), its isomer 3-methyltridecan-4-one (20), and the higher homologue 2-methyltetradecan-4-one (18) were identified in the extracts of both strains and were synthesized. In addition, strain Sg a15 produced 2,12-dimethyltridecan-4-one (19), 2-methyltridec-2-en-4-one (23), and a series of phenyl ketones, among them 1-phenyldecan-1-one (14) and 9-methyl-1-phenyldecan-1-one (16), whereas strain DW4/3-1 emitted traces of 10-methylundecan-2-one (21). The biosynthesis of 14 and 16 was examined in feeding experiments with deuterated precursors carried out on agar plate cultures. The leucine-derived starter unit isovalerate was shown to be incorporated into 16, as was phenylalanine-derived benzoic acid into both 14 and 16. The results point to formation both of the phenyl ketones and of the structurally related aliphatic ketones through an unusual head-to-head coupling between a starter unit such as benzoyl-CoA and a fatty acyl-CoA, followed by decarboxylation.     

Transient protein-protein interactions

Transient complexes are crucial for diverse biological processes such as biochemical pathways and signaling cascades in the cell. Here, we give an overview of the transient interactions; the importance of transient interactions as drug targets; and the structural characterization of transient protein-protein complexes based on the geometrical and physicochemical features of the transient complexes' interfaces. To better understand and eventually design transient protein-protein interactions (TPPIs), a molecular perspective of the protein-protein interfaces is necessary. Obtaining high-quality structures of protein-protein interactions could be one way of achieving this goal. After introducing the association kinetics of TPPIs, we elaborate on the experimental techniques detecting TPPIs in combination with the computational methods which classify transient and/or non-obligate complexes. In this review, currently available databases and servers that can be used to identify and predict TPPIs are also compiled.     

Effect of non-lattice oxygen on ZrO2-based resistive switching memory

ABSTRACT: ZrO2-based resistive switching memory has attracted much attention according to its possible application in the next-generation nonvolatile memory. The Al/ZrO2/Pt resistive switching memory with bipolar resistive switching behavior is revealed in this work. The thickness of the ZrO2 film is only 20 nm. The device yield improved by the non-lattice oxygen existing in the ZrO2 film deposited at room temperature is firstly proposed. The stable resistive switching behavior and the long retention time with a large current ratio are also observed. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the resistive switching mechanism agrees with the formation and rupture of a conductive filament in the ZrO2 film. In addition, the Al/ZrO2/Pt resistive switching memory is also possible for application in flexible electronic equipment because it can be fully fabricated at room temperature.     

Synthesis of micro-sized SnO2@carbon hollow spheres with enhanced lithium storage properties

Uniform and stable micro-sized SnO(2) hollow spheres are prepared by templating against polystyrene microspheres. After being coated with a thin layer of amorphous carbon, the as-obtained SnO(2)@carbon hollow microspheres are shown to exhibit improved lithium storage properties, delivering a reversible capacity of 570 mA h g(-1) after 50 cycles at a high current density of 400 mA g(-1).     

Genotypic variation among arcobacter isolates from a farrow-to-finish swine facility

Arcobacter spp. were isolated from nursing sows and developing pigs on three farms of a farrow-to-finish swine operation and market-age pigs at slaughter. Isolates were identified by polymerase chain reaction and genotypic fragment patterns were examined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Incidences of Arcobacter-positive samples increased progressively as the pigs aged, resulting in all of the pens at the end of the growth cycle in the finishing barn containing Arcobacter-positive feces. However, only 10 of 350 cecal samples from slaughtered pigs were positive. There was little similarity between genotypic patterns for Arcobacter collected from the three farms. The level of genotypic variation revealed by PFGE suggested that pigs in this farrow-to-finish operation were colonized by multiple Arcobacter parent genotypes that may have undergone genomic rearrangement, common to members of Campylobacteraceae, during successive passages through the animals. Additionally, the level of genotypic diversity seen among Arcobacter isolates from farms of a single farrow-to-finish swine operation suggests an important role for genotypic phenotyping as a source identification and monitoring tool during outbreaks.