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1.
Maher M. Osman Mounir M. Abd El-Malek Aida B. Tadros Atef M. Michael 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》1995,62(1):46-52
4-Amino-3-thio-1,24-triazolidine (L1) and 4-amino-5-thio-1,3,4-thiadiazole (LII) as well as their metal complexes of the general formulae MLI·2H2O and MLIICl (M; Pb(II), Cd(II) and Zn(II)) were prepared. With Sn(II), we obtained Sn(LI)2·2H2O and SnLIICl, respectively. The structures of the compounds were identified through elemental analysis, and IR and UV spectra measurements, in addition to thermal analysis in case of the metal complexes. The antifouling properties of the compounds were tested by their incorporation into paint formulations which were applied to PVC substrates and tested in water from Alexandria western harbour. When the compounds were added at 17·5% by volume, the coated panels were fouled after 3 months of immersion. The addition of 6·7% by volume of tributyltin oxide to 15·8% of the prepared compounds in one formulation elevated the paint efficiency and prevented fouling for 11 months. Paint containing solely tributyltin oxide at the same concentration was inactive against algae. 相似文献
2.
Predictions of the discharge and the associated sediment concentration are very useful ingredients in any water resources reservoir design, planning, maintenance, and operation. Although there are many empirical relationships between the discharge and sediment concentration amounts, they need estimation of model parameters. Generally, parameter estimations are achieved through the regression method (RM), which has several restrictive assumptions. Such models are locally valid and their structures and parameter values are questionable from region to others. This paper proposes a new approach for sediment concentration prediction provided that there are measurements of discharge and sediment concentration. The basis of the methodology is a dynamic transitional model between successive time instances based on two variables, namely, discharge and sediment concentration measurements. The transition matrix elements are estimated from the measurements through a special form of the artificial neural networks as perceptrons. The sediment concentration predictions from discharge measurements are achieved through a perceptron Kalman filtering (PKF) technique. In the meantime, this technique also provides temporal predictions. A certain portion of the measurement sequence is employed for the model parameter estimations through training and the remaining part is used for the model verification. Detailed comparisons between RM and PKF approaches are presented and, finally, it is shown that the latter model works dynamically by simulating the observation scatter diagram in the best possible manner with smaller prediction errors. The application of the methodology is performed for the discharge and sediment concentration measurements obtained from the Mississippi River basin at St. Louis, Missouri. It is found that the PKF methodology has smaller average relative, root-mean-square, and absolute errors than RM. Furthermore, graphical representation, such as the scatter and frequency diagrams, indicated that the PKF approach has superiority over the RM. 相似文献
3.
Saye D. S. Abd El Rehim Soad M. Abd El Wahaab Osama M. Abdella 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》1985,35(5):217-222
The electroplating of Ni-Cd alloy coatings was carried out from alkaline baths (pH 10). For comparison, electroplating of the parent metals, Ni and Cd, was performed individually under the same conditions. The cathodic current efficiency for codeposition was high and decreased with increasing current density. The codeposition process is an anomalous type of plating with Cd being the preferentially deposited metal. The Ni content in the deposits increased with increasing current density. This increase in Ni content improves the corrosion resistance and microhardness of the deposits. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the deposits consist of a mixture of Ni, β, γ, γ1 phases. 相似文献
4.
This paper reports on an evaluation of real-time properties of MAP (Manufacturing Automation Protocol) networks by analytical considerations and measurements. Based on a model of the time schedule of a communication cycle figures for response times (transport system) and message delays (MAC layer) are given. The influence of some options for handling acknowledgments within the transport layer is shown. The message delay at MAC layer is separated into an implementation-dependent and a protocol-dependent protion, and an upper bound is derived. Rules for selecting protocol parameters affecting real time behavior are given. Aspects for improved implementations of communication controllers for MAP networks are discussed. 相似文献
5.
S. H. El-Hamouly N. N. Messiha K. N. Abd El Nour 《Journal of Materials Science》1994,29(10):2784-2788
The copolymerization of tri-n-butyl tin acrylate (TBTA) with methylmethacrylate (MMA) has been investigated in dioxane. The composition of these copolymers was determined quantitatively by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The tin contents were estimated by gravimetric as well as thermogravimetric techniques (TGA). The reactivity ratio of such copolymers was estimated by application of the Kelen-Tudos method. The dielectric properties of the copolymers have been studied over a frequency range of 100–50 kHz at different temperatures from 20 to 70°C. The electrical conductivity for such copolymers was also measured. The results are interpreted in terms of the tin content of the copolymers. 相似文献
6.
A. Mounir EL Sayed A. Yamauchi N. A. Darwish A. A. Abd EL‐Mageed S. F. Halim 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2008,109(5):2988-2993
The charged mosaic polymer membrane (CMM) without reinforcement and the composite charged mosaic polymer membrane (CCMM) with reinforcement were investigated in terms of salt and water transport (permeability). The composite charged mosaic polymer membrane (CCMM) with reinforcement showed a unique transport behavior such as preferential material transport Lp and ω. Water permeability coefficient, Lp and salt permeability coefficient, ω were estimated by taking account of active layer thickness of composite polymer gel. The Lp and ω values of CCMM with reinforcement were larger than those of CMM without reinforcement. On the other hand, the reflection coefficient of CCMM, σ, showed negative value, which suggested preferential material transport to solvent transport. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008 相似文献
7.
Abbass Mohammed Y. Kwon Ki-Chul Kim Nam Abdelwahab Safey A. El-Samie Fathi E. Abd Khalaf Ashraf A. M. 《Artificial Intelligence Review》2021,54(5):3349-3360
Artificial Intelligence Review - Visual object tracking has become one of the most active research topics in computer vision, and it has been applied in several commercial... 相似文献
8.
The reaction between Pb and HNO3 has been investigated using the thermometric technique. Weight-loss measurements on the reaction were also obtained. As the HNO3 concentration is increased from 5×10–2 to 4mol l–1, the corrosion rate increases. This is shown thermometrically by a substantial increase in the maximum temperature attained, T
m, as well as a decrease in the time, t, required for reaching T
m. Dissolution of Pb in HNO3 is proposed to take place according to an autocatalytic mechanism. Passivation sets were detected in solutions 11 mol l–1 HNO3. A parallel indication between the thermometric technique and weight-loss measurements was obtained. The rate-determining step of the autocatalytic process involves HNO2 in dissolution of Pb in HNO3. This is supported by the results of addition of hydrazine to the solution. This additive raises the maximum measured temperature, without affecting the corresponding time necessary to reach it. The effect of addition of NaNO2, NaNO3, NaCl, Na2SO4, NaH2PO4 and NaClO4 on the reaction number, RN, of Pb in 4 mol l–1 HNO3 was examined. Only NaNO2 accelerates the dissolution reaction while the other salts show as inhibition effect. It was found that these additives inhibit dissolution due to the displacement of some cathodic depolarizing components, as NO2, from the active sites on the metal surface. The effect of addition of HCl, H2SO4, HClO4 and H3PO4 on the reaction number, RN, of Pb in 4 mol l–1 HNO3 was also investigated. The observed acceleration and retardation of the dissolution of Pb was found to be dependent on both the concentration and nature of anions of the extra acids added. 相似文献
9.
In this paper, a novel watermarking scheme for quantum images based on Hadamard transform is proposed. In the new scheme, a unitary transform controlled by a classical binary key is implemented on quantum image. Then, we utilize a dynamic vector, instead of a fixed parameter as in other previous schemes, to control the embedding process. The dynamic embedding vector is decided by both the carrier quantum image and the watermark image, which is only known by the authorized owner. The proposed scheme is analyzed from visual quality, computational complexity, and payload capacity. Analysis and results show that the proposed scheme has better visual quality under a higher embedding capacity and lower complexity compared with other schemes proposed recently. 相似文献
10.
Although leather has a number of desirable properties such as thermal stability and fire retardancey, in addition to high toughness, it has a few drawbacks such as weight, high water absorption, poor soil and rot resistance, and nonuniformity. If these defects are overcome, leather's usefulness would be further enhanced and its competitive position with respect to synthetics would increase. This study reports the physical and mechanical properties of buffalo leather after chemical graft copolymerization with ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, and 2‐ethyl hexyl acrylate using benzoyl peroxide as an initiator. The optimum conditions for grafting (e.g., monomer and initiator concentrations, temperature and time of grafting, and solvent leather ratio) were extensively investigated. The study achieved outstanding properties for buffalo leather in reduction of water uptake after grafting, especially on using 2‐ethyl hexyl acrylate and butyl acrylate monomers. FT‐IR and solid 13C‐NMR for leather before and after grafting confirmed the grafting process.© 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 1478–1483, 2003 相似文献