Some q-rung orthopair uncertain linguistic aggregation operators and their application to multiple attribute group decision making

q-Rung orthopair fuzzy sets (q-ROFSs), originally presented by Yager, are a powerful fuzzy information representation model, which generalize the classical intuitionistic fuzzy sets and Pythagorean fuzzy sets and provide more freedom and choice for decision makers (DMs) by allowing the sum of the $q\mathrm{t}\mathrm{h}$ power of the membership and the $q\mathrm{t}\mathrm{h}$ power of the nonmembership to be less than or equal to 1. In this paper, a new class of fuzzy sets called q-rung orthopair uncertain linguistic sets (q-ROULSs) based on the q-ROFSs and uncertain linguistic variables (ULVs) is proposed, and this can describe the qualitative assessment of DMs and provide them more freedom in reflecting their belief about allowable membership grades. On the basis of the proposed operational rules and comparison method of q-ROULSs, several q-rung orthopair uncertain linguistic aggregation operators are developed, including the q-rung orthopair uncertain linguistic weighted arithmetic average operator, the q-rung orthopair uncertain linguistic ordered weighted average operator, the q-rung orthopair uncertain linguistic hybrid weighted average operator, the q-rung orthopair uncertain linguistic weighted geometric average operator, the q-rung orthopair uncertain linguistic ordered weighted geometric operator, and the q-rung orthopair uncertain linguistic hybrid weighted geometric operator. Then, some desirable properties and special cases of these new operators are also investigated and studied, in particular, some existing intuitionistic fuzzy aggregation operators and Pythagorean fuzzy aggregation operators are proved to be special cases of these new operators. Furthermore, based on these proposed operators, we develop an approach to solve the multiple attribute group decision making problems, in which the evaluation information is expressed as q-rung orthopair ULVs. Finally, we provide several examples to illustrate the specific decision-making steps and explain the validity and feasibility of two methods by comparing with other methods.     

Study of equivalent efficiency calibration method for radioactive gas source measured on HPGe detectors

ABSTRACT

In view of the complexity of current detection efficiency calibration of radioactive gas sources, a method using solid planar sources to be equivalent to gas sources was studied. For the 50 mL gas source box, an optimal equivalent scheme was selected by Monte Carlo Simulations. Then, the full-energy-peak efficiency curve of gas sources at the measurement position of 25 cm, with source-to-detector distance of 25 cm, was fitted by measuring solid planar sources with known activity. To verify the accuracy of the efficiency curve, ⁴¹Ar, ¹³³Xe and ⁸⁷Kr gases were produced and determined by length-compensated method. Then, their full-energy-peak efficiencies at 25 cm position away from the detector were directly calibrated. The percentage efficiency deviations between interpolation from the efficiency curve and direct calibration are all less than 2.5%, which proves the accuracy of the equivalent method. This calibration method is a general one and can be also used for some other radioactive sample measurements, such as non-destructive analysis of gaseous fission product samples with a suitable source-to-detector distance.     

等离子体预处理对解淀粉芽胞杆菌生长和α-淀粉酶分泌的影响

本研究采用低真空室温射频等离子体对解淀粉芽胞杆菌CICC 10035进行预处理，通过改变放电功率、处理时间和工作气压等参数，筛选最佳工艺条件，并使用蛋白质组学技术，对差异蛋白质进行生物信息学分析，探讨等离子体预处理对菌体生长和产酶性能的影响。结果表明，等离子体预处理的最佳工艺条件为：放电功率120 W，处理时间15 s，工作气压135 Pa。在最佳条件下，发酵48 h后，α-淀粉酶酶活超过400 U/mL，与对照样相比提高约20%。蛋白组学分析表明，等离子体预处理对菌体的蛋白合成及代谢产生了较强的正效应，尤其在DNA修复和氨基酸合成上，一方面提高了菌体活性，延缓其衰亡过程；另一方面促进了α-淀粉酶在菌体内的合成和分泌。     

弧齿式与锯齿式接链环的比较

分析了锯齿式接链环结构的不合理性和其换代产品弧齿式接链环结构的合理性,并对两者的技术性能、使用寿命等进行了比较分析,认为弧齿式接链环具有较高的破断强度和疲劳强度,是目前井下使用的接链环更新换代的最佳产品。     

Surface subsidence in the karst mining area in China

Carbonate rocks are widely distributed in China, with extensively scattering of karst aquifer deposits associated with frequent surface subsidences. Particularly, most of surface subsidences occurred in karst aquifer mining areas in Southern China, but very few in Northern China. As a form of geological hazard, the surface subsidence in mining areas causes the increasing of both the amount of mine water inundation and the possibility of mine water and mud invasion, jeoperdising the environment of mining areas, and endangering the mining operation and people’s lives. Generally, the distribution of surface subsidences is of regular pattern, principally controlled by karst development pattern. Therefore, it is likely to predict and prevent the occurrence of surface subsidence. In this paper, the distribution, the danger and the prediction and prevention of surface subsidence of karst aquifer mine area in China are discussed.     

Experience and perspectives of application of gasdynamic coatings in space technology

The given work deals with the results of the research carried out by the “Salute“ DB of the Khrunichev State research-and-production space center concerning the development of special equipment and improvement of the technique of the “cold“ gasdynamic method of application of coating for the accomplishment of several specific tasks: (1) development of the technique of application of a fireproof heat-radiating coating to screens made from stainless steel with coefficient of thermal radiation ε≥0.7; (2) development of technique of sealing (“curing“) of microleaks on the weld joints of the propellant tanks made of aluminum alloys; (3) study of the opportunity of sealing of joints of parts made from heterogeneous materials; (4) development of process for copper and nickel coating application for aluminium heat exchangers soldering.……