宇宙演化的综述和因果链

科学、物理科学的本质是探索自然和宇宙,回答它是怎样的,为什么是这样,而不是那样;即追寻科学本身的原动力。本文亦旨在此处做尝试、探讨。     

世界与中国的石油储产量现状及趋势

总结了2004年世界和中国石油储量、产量和贸易量的特点,预测了未来世界和中国石油供需的发展趋势。     

基于DSP控制的直接数字频率合成器的实现

系统地介绍了一种低杂散、低相位噪声、快速捷变频频率合成器的实现途径。提出了使用TMS320VC5409高速DSP作为控制电路，由DDS芯片AD9858构成宽带、低相噪、低功耗数字频率合成器的方案。详细阐述了AD公司最新的内部时钟可达1GHz的高性能DDS芯片AD9858的主要性能及其在快速捷变频频率合成器设计中的应用方法。给出了具体的超宽带应用电路和最终的测试结果，并对如何提高DDS频谱纯度进行了探讨。该数字频率合成器通过编程可方便地实现单点频、线性调频和调相功能，经过实际应用达到了比较满意的效果。     

Dendrite‐Free Lithium Plating Induced by In Situ Transferring Protection Layer from Separator

Lithium (Li) metal anodes are regarded as a promising pathway to meet the rapidly growing requirements on high energy density cells, owing to their highest gravimetric capacity (3840 mAh g^?1) and their lowest redox potential. The application of Li metal anodes, however, is still hindered by undesired dendrites formation and endless consumption of liquid electrolyte due to a continuous reaction on interface of electrolyte/Li‐metal without a stable solid–electrolyte–interface (SEI) layer. A stable protection layer is formed on Li metal anode by in situ transferring the coating layer from polymer separator. The Li anode protection strategy is developed with an in situ formed protection layer transferred through the reduction of a coating layer on polymer separator. A PbZr_0.52Ti_0.48O₃ (PZT) coating layer on polypropylene (PP) separator is reduced by Li metal anode to produce a Pb metal containing composite layer, which could form Pb–Li alloy and adhere to the surface of Li metal anode after the reaction and improves the Li plating/stripping efficiency owing to the formation of a more homogenized electric field. Both the Li/Li symmetric cells and LiFePO₄/Li cells with this PZT precoated PP separators exhibit significantly improved Coulombic efficiency and cycling life.     

A monoclonal antibody-based sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the analysis of the organophosphorous pesticides chlorpyrifos-methyl in real samples

Chlorpyrifos-methyl hapten, O-methyl-O-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl)-N-(2-carboxyethyl)-phosphoramidothionte (H1), was synthesized and conjugated with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and ovalbumin (OVA) by the active ester method. Then H1–OVA conjugate was used as coating antigen, while H1–BSA conjugate was used as immunogen for producing monoclonal antibody. After optimisation, a monoclonal antibody-based effective competitive indirect enzyme-linked immunsorbent assay (ELISA) was developed and applied for determination of chlorpyrifos-methyl with a novel combination of antibody/antigen, I₅₀ of which was 75.22 ng/ml, limit detection (LD) was 0.32 ng/ml, and there was relative high cross-reactivity (CR) only with chlorpyrifos (1.4%), and CRs with other tested pesticides were all below 1% and regarded as negligible. The recoveries obtained by standard chlorpyrifos-methyl addition to real samples, including grape, Chinese cabbages, water and soil were all from 82.4% to 110.2%. Therefore, the optimised ELISA might become a convenient and satisfied analytical tool for monitoring chlorpyrifos-methyl residues in agriculture ecosystem.     

中国海洋石油总公司的天然气发展战略及其启示

在简要介绍中国海洋石油总的天然气发展战略及其近几年所采取的战略措施的基础上，提出中国石油化工集团公司应该通过战略合作等形式，在我国沿海地区积极开拓天然气市场的开发，形成新的增长点。     

中国石化可持续发展战略初步研究

可持续发展包括经济可持续发展、社会可持续发展和环境可持续发展等3个密切相关的方面，分析了中国石化实施可持续发展的有利条件和不利条件，提出中国石化可持续发展战略的基本构成，并从业务结构调整、推行清洁生产与生产清洁产品、科技创新等6个方面提出实施可持续发展战略的具体措施。     

670 t/h引进型锅炉燃烧优化及性能试验研究

针对该引进型锅炉燃烧设备特性及运行中存在的问题,通过燃烧优化调整,对提高锅炉热经济性进行试验研究,并对其运行性能和存在的问题进行了分析。     

八纵向沟水润滑橡胶轴承润滑机理的实验研究

水润滑橡胶轴承是水下最适宜的轴承之一．笔者对潜水泵上常用的八纵向沟水润滑橡胶轴承，在水润滑下影响摩擦系数的几个主要因素进行了系统的分析与研究．剖析了其润滑机理．并提出了一组有用的参数．     

基坑变形的动态神经网络实时建模预报方法

为了对基坑变形进行更准确的监测和预报，根据基坑变形的特点，提出了应用动态递归神经网络进行实时建模预报，并采用一种改进的在线学习算法，较好地描述了基坑变形的动态特性。通过对某工程基坑的监测，验证了该方法的有效性。