OWL2Vec*: embedding of OWL ontologies

Machine Learning - Semantic embedding of knowledge graphs has been widely studied and used for prediction and statistical analysis tasks across various domains such as Natural Language Processing...     

MR-ELM: a MapReduce-based framework for large-scale ELM training in big data era

In the big data era, extreme learning machine (ELM) can be a good solution for the learning of large sample data as it has high generalization performance and fast training speed. However, the emerging big and distributed data blocks may still challenge the method as they may cause large-scale training which is hard to be finished by a common commodity machine in a limited time. In this paper, we propose a MapReduce-based distributed framework named MR-ELM to enable large-scale ELM training. Under the framework, ELM submodels are trained parallelly with the distributed data blocks on the cluster and then combined as a complete single-hidden layer feedforward neural network. Both classification and regression capabilities of MR-ELM have been theoretically proven, and its generalization performance is shown to be as high as that of the original ELM and some common ELM ensemble methods through many typical benchmarks. Compared with the original ELM and the other parallel ELM algorithms, MR-ELM is a general and scalable ELM training framework for both classification and regression and is suitable for big data learning under the cloud environment where the data are usually distributed instead of being located in one machine.     

Fabrication and electrical properties of MoS2 nanodisc-based back-gated field effect transistors

Two-dimensional (2D) molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) is an attractive alternative semiconductor material for next-generation low-power nanoelectronic applications, due to its special structure and large bandgap. Here, we report the fabrication of large-area MoS₂ nanodiscs and their incorporation into back-gated field effect transistors (FETs) whose electrical properties we characterize. The MoS₂ nanodiscs, fabricated via chemical vapor deposition (CVD), are homogeneous and continuous, and their thickness of around 5 nm is equal to a few layers of MoS₂. In addition, we find that the MoS₂ nanodisc-based back-gated field effect transistors with nickel electrodes achieve very high performance. The transistors exhibit an on/off current ratio of up to 1.9 × 10⁵, and a maximum transconductance of up to 27 μS (5.4 μS/μm). Moreover, their mobility is as high as 368 cm²/Vs. Furthermore, the transistors have good output characteristics and can be easily modulated by the back gate. The electrical properties of the MoS₂ nanodisc transistors are better than or comparable to those values extracted from single and multilayer MoS₂ FETs.     

无参数忆阻系统的平面偏置控制共存分岔研究

初值依赖的超级多稳定性和偏置控制的共存吸引子近年来得到学者们的广泛关注.通过在三维线性耗散系统中引入2个具有正弦忆导的忆阻元件,构建了一种新颖的、有着平面平衡点的五维忆阻动力学系统.借助理论分析和数值计算,发现忆阻初值控制的平面共存分岔现象,并揭示了忆阻初值依赖的超级多稳定性.设计了该忆阻动力学系统的模拟电路,并由PS...     

工艺参数对激光熔覆层结构的影响

利用激光熔覆技术在45钢表面熔覆Ni60合金,通过正交试验研究了相关工艺参数对熔覆层结构的影响。结果表明:随电流、离焦量、激光移动间距、送粉量的增大,熔覆层的有效面积先增后降,至最佳工艺为220 A、32 mm、1.80 mm、3g/min达到峰值,分别为9.760、10.553、10.387、11.852 mm2;随电流、离焦量的增大,熔覆层的均匀性由好转差,至220 A、32mm达到最佳,而激光移动间距和送粉量的影响对其不大;经最佳工艺熔覆后的试样,熔覆层与基体之间属冶金结合,熔覆层组织为γ-Ni固溶体基体上均匀分布着铬、铁的碳化物和硼化物等硬质相,基体-热影响区-熔覆区的显微硬度从260.4HV到820.6HV呈梯度分布,熔覆层的有效面积为17.650mm2,波峰、波谷、波宽的标准差分别为0.018、0.015、0.012。     

毛蚶蛋白对益生菌抗生素胁迫的保护作用

长期摄入抗生素残留的水产品可引起肠道菌群稳态失调。该研究基于恩诺沙星对四种益生菌（两歧双歧杆菌BBi32、鼠李糖乳杆菌LGG、植物乳杆菌LP45和乳双歧杆菌Probio-M8）的抑菌作用，建立了抗生素胁迫的益生菌生长模型，评价了红三鱼、黄蚬和毛蚶蛋白粗提物及其不同分离纯化组分对益生菌抗生素胁迫的保护作用。在四种益生菌中，乳双歧杆菌Probio-M8对抗生素胁迫最为敏感，三种原料中毛蚶蛋白粗提物表现出对抗生素胁迫保护作用；毛蚶蛋白粗提物经过阴离子交换柱（SepharoseFastFlow）分离得到四个组分（Fr0、Fr1、Fr2和Fr3），其分子量分别为14.3~44.3 ku（Fr0）、20.1~29.0 ku（Fr1）、14.3~97.2 ku（Fr2）和<14.3 ku（Fr3），其中Fr0可更有效地提高Probio-M8菌液的OD600从0.80提升至1.56，Fr3可将其生长代时缩短至0.98 h。毛蚶蛋白可促进乳双歧杆菌在恩诺沙星胁迫下增殖的活性，表明毛蚶蛋白具有保护益生菌免受抗生素生长胁迫、促进益生菌增殖的功能，该研究为毛蚶蛋白对肠道稳态的调节功能提供理论依据，并提出了应对体内抗生素残留的应对方案。     

Changes in the chemical composition of traditional Chinese‐type soy sauce at different stages of manufacture and its relation to taste

Chemical composition of traditional Chinese‐type soy sauce (TCSS) at different stages of manufacture (moromi fermentation and pasteurisation) were analysed. Results showed that total nitrogen, formaldehyde nitrogen, total titratable acid, reducing sugar, NaCl, water soluble peptides, free amino acids (FAAs) and Maillard reaction products in TCSS changed significantly during manufacture. Most of FAAs were released during initial stage (0–15 days) of moromi fermentation, peptides (1–5 kDa) kept dominant (69.34–80.88%) among all peptides during manufacture and Maillard reaction products increased progressively during moromi fermentation and increased sharply during pasteurisation. According to hierarchical cluster analysis and sensory evaluation, there were obvious correlation between FAAs and sensory score of over‐all in TCSS during manufacture, which indicated that balanced FAAs composition might be mainly responsible for the taste formation of TCSS. Besides, pasteurisation can further improve the over‐all taste of TCSS.     

一种离网型风力发电系统的研究

研究了一种小型离网型风力发电系统,系统采用三相不可控整流方式进行整流,使用Lc滤波电路对输出直流纹波进行滤波,采用Boost电路作为斩波稳压电路,利用PID控制反馈使输出电压稳定在600V左右。系统逆变部分采用三相五电平SPWM逆变器,可以使输出电压谐波减少,提高输出电能质量。最后对系统进行了仿真,仿真结果验证了此方法的有效性。     

肾病患者营养素推荐之中外指南及专家共识对比

肾脏疾病特别是慢性肾病（Chronic Kidney Disease,CKD）已成为威胁全球的公共卫生健康问题,不仅严重危害到人类健康,也带来巨大的经济和社会负担。医学营养治疗（Medical Nutritiontherapy,MNT）可延缓CKD向终末期肾病（End-Stage Renal Disease,ESRD）的进展,MNT在CKD治疗过程中具有非常重要的作用。其中,口服营养补充剂（Oral Nutritional Supplement,ONS）具有安全有效且患者依从性高等优点。当肾病患者面临经口营养摄入不足的情况,ONS是其首选人工营养方式。ONS的研发应以医学和营养学的研究结果为依据,其安全性及临床应用均需要经过科学证实。权威机构发布的指南、专家共识是ONS产品配方设计的重要依据,因此有必要对比分析中外指南和专家共识对于不同阶段肾病患者的营养素推荐,为肾病特定营养产品开发提供借鉴,推动营养相关慢性病的防治。     

东海乌参肽对小鼠酒精性肝损伤及肠道菌群的调节作用

目的：探讨东海乌参肽（Acaudina leucoprocta peptides,ALPs）对小鼠酒精性肝损伤和肠道菌群的调节作用。方法：将45 只C57BL/6N雄性小鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、阳性药物组（80 mg/（kg mb·d）水飞蓟宾）、ALPs低剂量组（200 mg/（kg mb·d）ALPs）和ALPs高剂量组（400 mg/（kg mb·d）ALPs）。采用慢性酒精干预3 周后进行急性酒精灌胃建立小鼠肝损伤模型,检测小鼠血清和肝脏组织相关生化指标、观察肝脏和结肠组织形态学变化;取小鼠粪便进行16S rRNA测序,分析肠道菌群多样性。结果：ALPs可以显著改善小鼠的肝脏和结肠组织损伤,降低酒精性肝损伤血清标志物丙氨酸转氨酶和天冬氨酸转氨酶的活力,提升乙醇代谢相关酶的活力,抑制酒精性肝损伤小鼠肝脏中的脂肪蓄积,减少肿瘤坏死因子-α、白介素（interleukin,IL）-1β、干扰素-γ和IL-6的分泌及氧化应激标志物丙二醛的含量。ALPs显著改善小鼠肠道菌群的α-多样性和β-多样性,调节多种门、纲、科细菌的相对丰度,改善乙醇诱导的小鼠肠道菌群紊乱并使其趋于正常。结论：ALPs对乙醇诱导的小鼠肝损伤具有明显的保护作用,其机制与ALPs抗氧化、抗炎和改善肠道菌群紊乱相关。