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1.
Skim and whole milk powders were manufactured at lab scale by spray freeze drying (SFD), using liquid nitrogen as the cryogen. The polydispersity of droplet/particle sizes was limited using an encapsulator nozzle to atomize the feed. Particle morphology was examined using a scanning electron microscope. Samples were compared with equivalent spray-dried powders in tests of wettability and dissolution in water. The spray freeze-dried powders were found to be highly porous, with a uniform structure of pores throughout the entire particles. When tested in water, SFD skim milk powders wetted roughly three times as fast as industrially spray-dried agglomerated skim milk powders and were observed to dissolve rapidly by breaking down into smaller particles. 相似文献
2.
Somsak Vanit-Anunchai Jonathan Billington Guy Edward Gallasch 《International Journal on Software Tools for Technology Transfer (STTT)》2008,10(1):29-56
State space explosion is a key problem in the analysis of finite state systems. The sweep-line method is a state exploration
method which uses a notion of progress to allow states to be deleted from memory when they are no longer required. This reduces
the peak number of states that need to be stored, while still exploring the full state space. The technique shows promise
but has never achieved reductions greater than about a factor of 10 in the number of states stored in memory for industrially
relevant examples. This paper discusses sweep-line analysis of the connection management procedures of a new Internet standard,
the Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP). As the intuitive approaches to sweep-line analysis are not effective, we
introduce new variables to track progress. This creates further state explosion. However, when used with the sweep-line, the
peak number of states is reduced by over two orders of magnitude compared with the original. Importantly, this allows DCCP
to be analysed for larger parameter values.
Somsak Vanit-Anunchai was partially supported by an Australian Research Council Discovery Grant (DP0559927) and Suranaree
University of Technology.
Guy Edward Gallasch was supported by an Australian Research Council Discovery Grant (DP0559927). 相似文献
3.
A classification of models of visual word recognition is presented that facilitates formal comparisons between models of different formats. In light of the theoretical contributions to this special section, sets of criteria for the evaluation of models and strategies for model construction are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
4.
Michael Vermut William R. Widner Jonathan D. Dinman Reed B. Wickner 《Yeast (Chichester, England)》1994,10(11):1477-1479
MKT1 is required for m aintenance of K2 above 30°C in strains with the L-A-HN variant of the L-A double-stranded RNA virus of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We report that MKT1 encodes a 92 979 Da protein with serine-rich regions and the retroviral protease signature, DTG, but with no substantial homology to proteins presently in the databases. This sequence is available from GenBank under Accession Number U09129. 相似文献
5.
A dual read-out model of context effects in letter perception is described that predicts forced-choice accuracy in the Reicher paradigm and its relation to word reportability. It is hypothesized that a correct choice to a letter in a word context is made when either the correct letter representation or a word representation containing the correct letter in the correct position reaches a response threshold (a criterion level of activation). This hypothesis was implemented using the basic architecture of the interactive activation model (J. L. McClelland & D. E. Rumelhart, 1981) in its semistochastic variant (A. M. Jacobs & J. Grainger, 1992). The model successfully captures the data of J. C. Johnston (1978), otherwise thought to be critically damaging for this type of model, and accurately predicts performance in a series of new experiments using the Reicher paradigm. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
6.
Paul F.Smith Sameer M.Prabhu Jonathan H.Friedman 《电子设计应用》2008,(5):88-92
本文引入了基于模型设计的概念,突出了其中的一些优点,详细讨论了组织中采用基于模型设计文化的10个最佳策略。这些最佳策略从不同工业领域的公司中收集,包括向基于模型设计的成功或者不成功的过渡。 相似文献
7.
Utilitarian and economic theories of deterrence hold that the relation of the penalty to the misdeed should be irrelevant. In 5 experiments using hypothetical cases, judgments of penalties depended on whether this relation was in kind (IK) or out of kind (OK). When victims were identifiable, IK penalties were higher than OK and preferred to OK. Subjects seemed to confuse penalties and compensation. When there were no identifiable victims (e.g., environmental damage), IK penalties were preferred, but OK penalties were higher. Here, OK judgments were more uncertain, and subjects preferred to err on the side of overpunishing. The results can be explained in terms of overgeneralization of usually useful heuristics. Alternative hypotheses concerning aggression and scale compatibility are rejected. The findings have implications for the setting of penalties in legal cases (e.g., the Exxon Valdez) and for lay theories of punishment in nonlegal settings. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
8.
Thomas G. OConnor Jonathan A. Dantzig 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B》1994,25(3):443-457
A three-dimensional mathematical model has been developed to compute the thermomechanical state in the mold of thin-slab continuous
casters. The thin-slab mold differs from those used in conventional slab casters in that the upper portion of the broad side
walls defines a funnel-shaped chamber which allows the nozzle to be submerged into the liquid metal. The chamber converges
with distance down the mold, reducing to the rectangular cross section of the finished casting near the mold exit. The new
mold, along with casting speeds up to 6 m/min, allows slabs to be cast 50–60 mm thick, compared with 150 to 350 mm in conventional
continuous slab casting. However, the mold shape and high casting speed lead to higher mold temperatures and shorter mold
life than are found in conventional slab casters. In this article, we develop mathematical models of the process to determine
the role of various process parameters in determining the mold life. Finite-element analysis is used to determine the temperatures
in the mold and cast slab, and these data are then used in an elastic-viscoplastic analysis to investigate the deformation
of the mold wall in service. Cyclic inelastic strains up to 1.75 Pct are found in a region below the meniscus along the funnel
edge. These large strains result from the combination of locally high temperatures coupled with geometric restraint of the
mold. The deformation leads to short mold life because of thermal fatigue cracking of the mold. The computed locations and
time to failure of the mold in fatigue agree very well with observations of the appearance of mold surface cracks in an operating
caster. The models are also used to develop an improved mold design.
Formerly Research Assistant, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 相似文献
9.
Both Soviet and American youth show a great concern about the possible effects of nuclear war, with heavy media users in both countries more optimistic, but the relation was stronger among Soviet students. 相似文献
10.
A sensing strategy for the reverse engineering of machined parts 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The reverse engineering of machined parts requires sensing an existing part and producing a design (and perhaps a manufacturing process) for it. We have developed a reverse engineering system that has proven effective with a set of machined parts. This paper describes the system, presents some results, and discusses strategy for a new system.This work was supported by ARPA under ARO grant number DAAH04-93-G-0420, DARPA grant N00014-91-J-4123, NSF grant CDA 9024721, and a University of Utah Research Committee grant. All opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the sponsoring agencies. 相似文献